NUR198 Final Exam
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1. ABGs Arterial Blood Gases
Reports the status of oxygenation and acid base balance of the blood
pH 7.35- 7.45
HCO3 (Bicarbonate) normal values 22-26 mEq/L
PaCO2 ( CO2 or carbon dioxide content) 35-45 mm Hg
PaO2 (oxygen saturation in arteria blood)- 80-100 mm Hg
2. Uncompensated meta- pH: 7.5, paCO2: 42mm Hg, HCO3: 29 mEq/L
bolic alkalosis
3. Compensated respirato- pH: 7.36, paCO2: 47mm Hg, HCO3:30 mEq/L
ry acidosis
4. Uncompensated meta- pH: 7.31, paCO2: 43mm Hg, HCO3: 19 mEq/L
bolic acidosis
5. Uncompensated respi- pH 7.48, paCO2: 33mm Hg, HCO3: 25 mEq/L
ratory alkalosis
6. Acidosis Hyperventilation
Rapid fast breathing
7. A-Fib: Risk factors
8. A-Fib: Patho Atria is rapid firing
No coordination
9. A-Fib: Manifestations
10. A-Fib: Diagnosis
, NUR198 Final Exam
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11. A-Fib: Interventions
12. A-Fib: Treatment - Amiodarone
- plavix
- Aspirin
- Ca+ channel blockers
- heparin
- lovenox, reduces risk of clots due to blood stasis in atria = *RISK FOR
CVA*
13. A-Fib: Education
14. A-fib: Complications Myocardial infarct
Stroke
15. Angina: Risk factors
16. Angina: Patho chest pain, occurs with low O2 and nutrient levels
Negative troponin
17. Angina: Manifestations
18. Angina: Diagnosis ECG, stress test, interventional studies
19. Angina: Interventions stop activity and rest
nitroglycerin tablet placed under the tongue for quick absorption (up
to two more does at 5-min intervals)
call 911 if not relieved in 5 min (unstable)
headache is a common adverse effect of this medication.
sit and lie down slowly.
20. Angina: Treatment
, NUR198 Final Exam
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21. Angina: Education
22. ARDS: Risk factors -Sepsis
-Aspiration of gastric contents
-Shock
-Infection
-Trauma
-Toxic inhalation
-Near drowning
-Multiple blood transfusions
23. ARDS: Patho Lung injury to respiratory distress within 72 hrs
Severe acute inflammation and pulmonary edema without evidence of
fluid overload or impaired cardiac function
Mortality rate 30%-40% from multi-system organ failure in those un-
treated
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
24. ARDS: Manifestations restlessness, tachypnea, dyspnea (early signs)
blood tinged fronthy sputum
bronchial breath sounds
crackles
use of accessory muscles (see intercostal retractions)
25. ARDS: Diagnosis
26. ARDS: Interventions Prone positioning to open up alveoli
Frequent turning
Help w anxiety or assist w sedation
27. ARDS: Treatment Get intubated to help lungs stay open
Identify and treat the underlying cause
High pressure ventilation (PEEP)
, NUR198 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ewna5q
High level O2 therapy
Supportive care
Nutrition
Fluid/electrolytes
Sedation facilitates ventilation and decreases O2 consumption
28. ARDS: Education
29. Aspiration Breathing fluid, food, vomit, or an object into the lungs
Elevate head of bead
Oral care
30. Aspiration: Causes NG tube incorrect placement due to extra residue from being in lungs
(check placement w xray)
Ph level (acidic)
Residual
Drowning
Pneumonia
31. Aspiration: Risk factors Ventilator (suction and oral care)
Can't cough stuff up
32. Asthma: Risk factors
33. Asthma: Patho
34. Asthma: Manifestations
35. Asthma: Diagnosis
36. Asthma: Interventions
37. Asthma: Treatment
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ewna5q
1. ABGs Arterial Blood Gases
Reports the status of oxygenation and acid base balance of the blood
pH 7.35- 7.45
HCO3 (Bicarbonate) normal values 22-26 mEq/L
PaCO2 ( CO2 or carbon dioxide content) 35-45 mm Hg
PaO2 (oxygen saturation in arteria blood)- 80-100 mm Hg
2. Uncompensated meta- pH: 7.5, paCO2: 42mm Hg, HCO3: 29 mEq/L
bolic alkalosis
3. Compensated respirato- pH: 7.36, paCO2: 47mm Hg, HCO3:30 mEq/L
ry acidosis
4. Uncompensated meta- pH: 7.31, paCO2: 43mm Hg, HCO3: 19 mEq/L
bolic acidosis
5. Uncompensated respi- pH 7.48, paCO2: 33mm Hg, HCO3: 25 mEq/L
ratory alkalosis
6. Acidosis Hyperventilation
Rapid fast breathing
7. A-Fib: Risk factors
8. A-Fib: Patho Atria is rapid firing
No coordination
9. A-Fib: Manifestations
10. A-Fib: Diagnosis
, NUR198 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ewna5q
11. A-Fib: Interventions
12. A-Fib: Treatment - Amiodarone
- plavix
- Aspirin
- Ca+ channel blockers
- heparin
- lovenox, reduces risk of clots due to blood stasis in atria = *RISK FOR
CVA*
13. A-Fib: Education
14. A-fib: Complications Myocardial infarct
Stroke
15. Angina: Risk factors
16. Angina: Patho chest pain, occurs with low O2 and nutrient levels
Negative troponin
17. Angina: Manifestations
18. Angina: Diagnosis ECG, stress test, interventional studies
19. Angina: Interventions stop activity and rest
nitroglycerin tablet placed under the tongue for quick absorption (up
to two more does at 5-min intervals)
call 911 if not relieved in 5 min (unstable)
headache is a common adverse effect of this medication.
sit and lie down slowly.
20. Angina: Treatment
, NUR198 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ewna5q
21. Angina: Education
22. ARDS: Risk factors -Sepsis
-Aspiration of gastric contents
-Shock
-Infection
-Trauma
-Toxic inhalation
-Near drowning
-Multiple blood transfusions
23. ARDS: Patho Lung injury to respiratory distress within 72 hrs
Severe acute inflammation and pulmonary edema without evidence of
fluid overload or impaired cardiac function
Mortality rate 30%-40% from multi-system organ failure in those un-
treated
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
24. ARDS: Manifestations restlessness, tachypnea, dyspnea (early signs)
blood tinged fronthy sputum
bronchial breath sounds
crackles
use of accessory muscles (see intercostal retractions)
25. ARDS: Diagnosis
26. ARDS: Interventions Prone positioning to open up alveoli
Frequent turning
Help w anxiety or assist w sedation
27. ARDS: Treatment Get intubated to help lungs stay open
Identify and treat the underlying cause
High pressure ventilation (PEEP)
, NUR198 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ewna5q
High level O2 therapy
Supportive care
Nutrition
Fluid/electrolytes
Sedation facilitates ventilation and decreases O2 consumption
28. ARDS: Education
29. Aspiration Breathing fluid, food, vomit, or an object into the lungs
Elevate head of bead
Oral care
30. Aspiration: Causes NG tube incorrect placement due to extra residue from being in lungs
(check placement w xray)
Ph level (acidic)
Residual
Drowning
Pneumonia
31. Aspiration: Risk factors Ventilator (suction and oral care)
Can't cough stuff up
32. Asthma: Risk factors
33. Asthma: Patho
34. Asthma: Manifestations
35. Asthma: Diagnosis
36. Asthma: Interventions
37. Asthma: Treatment
