PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - NR283 QUIZ 2
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR 2026-
2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
Somatic Pain - CORRECT ANSWERS-Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or
joints.
-skin (cutaneous)
-bone muscle
-conducted by sensory fibers
Visceral Pain - CORRECT ANSWERS-Pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax,
cranium, or abdomen
-originates in organs
-conducted by sympathetic fibers
-May be acute or chronic
Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) - CORRECT ANSWERS-The component of the autonomic
nervous system that responds to stressful situations by initiating the *fight-or-flight* response.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS-The division of the autonomic nervous
system that *calms* the body, conserving its energy.
It is a network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger.
,Nociceptors - CORRECT ANSWERS-*Pain receptors*
Sensory receptors that enable the perception of pain in response to potentially harmful stimuli.
Pain *Threshold* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Level of stimulation *required to elicit a pain
response*
-Usually does not vary among individuals
Pain *Tolerance* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Ability to cope with pain
-Culturally related
-Varies among individuals
-Degree of pain, intensity, or duration
Pain Fibers - Myelinated A Delta Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS--Transmit impulses very *rapidly*
-*Acute* pain
Pain Fibers - Unmyelinated C Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS--Transmit impulses *slowly*
-*Chronic* pain (diffuse, dull, burning, or aching sensation)
Dermatome - CORRECT ANSWERS-Area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
, Reflex Response (efferent response) - CORRECT ANSWERS--Involuntary muscle contraction
away from pain source
-Involuntary muscle contraction to guard against movement
Spinothalamic Bundle in the spinal cord - CORRECT ANSWERS--*Neospinothalamic* tract →
fast impulses; acute pain
-*Paleospinothalamic* tract → slow impulses; chronic/dull pain
-*Spinothalamic* tracts connect with reticular formation of brain
Gate Control Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS-The spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that
blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.
Gates open - Pain impulses transmitted from periphery to brain
Gates closed - Reduces or modifies the passage of pain impulses
Pain Control - Application of Ice - CORRECT ANSWERS-Impulses from temperature receptors
close gates
Pain Control - Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Increases sensory stimulation at site, blocking pain transmission.
Pain Control - Opiate-like Chemicals (Opioids) - CORRECT ANSWERS--Secreted by interneurons
of the CNS (endogenous)
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR 2026-
2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
Somatic Pain - CORRECT ANSWERS-Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or
joints.
-skin (cutaneous)
-bone muscle
-conducted by sensory fibers
Visceral Pain - CORRECT ANSWERS-Pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax,
cranium, or abdomen
-originates in organs
-conducted by sympathetic fibers
-May be acute or chronic
Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) - CORRECT ANSWERS-The component of the autonomic
nervous system that responds to stressful situations by initiating the *fight-or-flight* response.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - CORRECT ANSWERS-The division of the autonomic nervous
system that *calms* the body, conserving its energy.
It is a network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger.
,Nociceptors - CORRECT ANSWERS-*Pain receptors*
Sensory receptors that enable the perception of pain in response to potentially harmful stimuli.
Pain *Threshold* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Level of stimulation *required to elicit a pain
response*
-Usually does not vary among individuals
Pain *Tolerance* - CORRECT ANSWERS--Ability to cope with pain
-Culturally related
-Varies among individuals
-Degree of pain, intensity, or duration
Pain Fibers - Myelinated A Delta Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS--Transmit impulses very *rapidly*
-*Acute* pain
Pain Fibers - Unmyelinated C Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS--Transmit impulses *slowly*
-*Chronic* pain (diffuse, dull, burning, or aching sensation)
Dermatome - CORRECT ANSWERS-Area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
, Reflex Response (efferent response) - CORRECT ANSWERS--Involuntary muscle contraction
away from pain source
-Involuntary muscle contraction to guard against movement
Spinothalamic Bundle in the spinal cord - CORRECT ANSWERS--*Neospinothalamic* tract →
fast impulses; acute pain
-*Paleospinothalamic* tract → slow impulses; chronic/dull pain
-*Spinothalamic* tracts connect with reticular formation of brain
Gate Control Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS-The spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that
blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.
Gates open - Pain impulses transmitted from periphery to brain
Gates closed - Reduces or modifies the passage of pain impulses
Pain Control - Application of Ice - CORRECT ANSWERS-Impulses from temperature receptors
close gates
Pain Control - Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Increases sensory stimulation at site, blocking pain transmission.
Pain Control - Opiate-like Chemicals (Opioids) - CORRECT ANSWERS--Secreted by interneurons
of the CNS (endogenous)
