PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 3 NR 283
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR 2026-
2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
1. c. Striated and voluntary - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. Which types of muscles make up most
of the musculoskeletal system?
a. Striated and involuntary
b. Smooth and voluntary
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Smooth and involuntary
e. Heberden's nodes - CORRECT ANSWERS-2. Irreversible changes in the distal
joints of the fingers caused by osteoarthritis are known as:
a. Bouchard's nodes
b. Lymph nodes
c. Haygarth's nodes
d. Heberden's nodes
a. Porosity and brittleness - CORRECT ANSWERS-3. Osteoporosis is characterized by:
a. Porosity and brittleness
b. Brittleness and swelling of the joints
c. Crystal deposition and brittleness
d. Progressive inflammatory destruction after new bone formation
e. Oral antidiabetic agent - CORRECT ANSWERS-4. Which treatment is commonly indicated
for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
a. High-fiber, low-fat diet
b. Fluid restriction
c. Insulin
d. Oral antidiabetic agent
,a. Decreased blood glucose level - CORRECT ANSWERS-5. Which of the following is caused
by the release of insulin?
a. Decreased blood glucose level
b. Increased blood glucose level
c. Increased lipid breakdown
d. Increased protein breakdown
a. Can be treated with oral glycemic agents - CORRECT ANSWERS-6. Which of the following
is not true of type 1 diabetes?
a. Can be treated with oral glycemic agents
b. Pancreas is completely unable to produce insulin
c. Acute onset
d. Definite genetic link
b. Significant weight loss occurs as a symptom - CORRECT ANSWERS-7. Which of the
following is not true about type 2 diabetes?
a. Accounts for up to 95% of diabetics
b. Gradual onset
c. Significant weight loss occurs as a symptom
d. Risk factors are hypertension, family history, and obesity
e. Low blood glucose level - CORRECT ANSWERS-8. Which of the following is not a sign of
DKA?
a. Kussmaul respirations
b. Dehydration
c. Ketonuria
d. Low blood glucose level
a. HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) - CORRECT ANSWERS-9. Which laboratory test is the best
predictor of blood glucose control over the previous few months?
a. HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c)
b. Fasting blood glucose
c. Urinalysis
d. Feasting (postprandial) blood glucose
, b. Thickening and ischemia of the vessels that supply the nerve fibers - CORRECT
ANSWERS-10. Neuropathies are a potential complication of diabetes. Why do these
occur?
a. Infection in the nerves
b. Thickening and ischemia of the vessels that supply the nerve fibers
c. Inability to provide continuous glucose to the brain and spinal cord
d. Excessiverglucoserexposurertortherbrainrandrspinalrcord
a. Insulinrisrdestroyedrinrthergastrointestinalrtractrifrtakenrorally,rsoritrmustrberinjectedrsubcuta
neouslyr-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
11.rWhatrisryourrexplanationrtortherparentsrwhordornotrwantrtorgivertheirrchildrinsulinrinject
ionsrtortreatrtyper1rdiabetesrbecausertheyrhaverheardrthatrpillsrcanrberusedrtortreatrthisrcon
dition?
a. Insulinrisrdestroyedrinrthergastrointestinalrtractrifrtakenrorally,rsoritrmustrberinjectedrsubcuta
neously
b. Therchildrcanrgoraheadrandrtakertheroralrmedicationrbecauserherdoesrhavertyper1rdiabetes
c. Therchildrcannotrtakertherpillsrbecauserwercan'trbersurerthatrherwouldrtakertherentirerdose
d. Therpillsrarerreservedrforrthoseroverrtheragerofr12
b. Howrtherconditionrisrtreatedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
12.rArmajorrdifferencerbetweenrBobbyr(typer1rdiabetes)randrhisrfatherr(typer2rdiabetes)ris:
a. Howrtherconditionrisrdiagnosedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
b. Howrtherconditionrisrtreatedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
c. Therpotentialrlong-termrcomplications
d. Theroverallrgoalrofrtreatmentrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
c. Anrelevatedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevelr-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
13.rBobbyrcomesrintortherclinicrafterr6rmonthsrforrarfollow-
uprvisit.rHerindicatesrthatrhisrbloodrsugarsrhaverbeenraroundr100rtor120rmg/dLrandrherhasrb
eenrfullyrparticipatingrinrtherotherraspectsrofrhisrdiabetesrmanagementrplan.rWhichrwouldrl
eadryourtorbelieverthatrherhasrnotrbeenrinrtightrcontrolrofrhisrdiabetes?
a. Arreducedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevel
b. Anrelevatedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevel
c. Arrandomrbloodrsugarrofr150rmg/dLrperformedrinrtherclinic
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FOR 2026-
2027 ASSURED EXCEL!!
1. c. Striated and voluntary - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. Which types of muscles make up most
of the musculoskeletal system?
a. Striated and involuntary
b. Smooth and voluntary
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Smooth and involuntary
e. Heberden's nodes - CORRECT ANSWERS-2. Irreversible changes in the distal
joints of the fingers caused by osteoarthritis are known as:
a. Bouchard's nodes
b. Lymph nodes
c. Haygarth's nodes
d. Heberden's nodes
a. Porosity and brittleness - CORRECT ANSWERS-3. Osteoporosis is characterized by:
a. Porosity and brittleness
b. Brittleness and swelling of the joints
c. Crystal deposition and brittleness
d. Progressive inflammatory destruction after new bone formation
e. Oral antidiabetic agent - CORRECT ANSWERS-4. Which treatment is commonly indicated
for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
a. High-fiber, low-fat diet
b. Fluid restriction
c. Insulin
d. Oral antidiabetic agent
,a. Decreased blood glucose level - CORRECT ANSWERS-5. Which of the following is caused
by the release of insulin?
a. Decreased blood glucose level
b. Increased blood glucose level
c. Increased lipid breakdown
d. Increased protein breakdown
a. Can be treated with oral glycemic agents - CORRECT ANSWERS-6. Which of the following
is not true of type 1 diabetes?
a. Can be treated with oral glycemic agents
b. Pancreas is completely unable to produce insulin
c. Acute onset
d. Definite genetic link
b. Significant weight loss occurs as a symptom - CORRECT ANSWERS-7. Which of the
following is not true about type 2 diabetes?
a. Accounts for up to 95% of diabetics
b. Gradual onset
c. Significant weight loss occurs as a symptom
d. Risk factors are hypertension, family history, and obesity
e. Low blood glucose level - CORRECT ANSWERS-8. Which of the following is not a sign of
DKA?
a. Kussmaul respirations
b. Dehydration
c. Ketonuria
d. Low blood glucose level
a. HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) - CORRECT ANSWERS-9. Which laboratory test is the best
predictor of blood glucose control over the previous few months?
a. HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c)
b. Fasting blood glucose
c. Urinalysis
d. Feasting (postprandial) blood glucose
, b. Thickening and ischemia of the vessels that supply the nerve fibers - CORRECT
ANSWERS-10. Neuropathies are a potential complication of diabetes. Why do these
occur?
a. Infection in the nerves
b. Thickening and ischemia of the vessels that supply the nerve fibers
c. Inability to provide continuous glucose to the brain and spinal cord
d. Excessiverglucoserexposurertortherbrainrandrspinalrcord
a. Insulinrisrdestroyedrinrthergastrointestinalrtractrifrtakenrorally,rsoritrmustrberinjectedrsubcuta
neouslyr-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
11.rWhatrisryourrexplanationrtortherparentsrwhordornotrwantrtorgivertheirrchildrinsulinrinject
ionsrtortreatrtyper1rdiabetesrbecausertheyrhaverheardrthatrpillsrcanrberusedrtortreatrthisrcon
dition?
a. Insulinrisrdestroyedrinrthergastrointestinalrtractrifrtakenrorally,rsoritrmustrberinjectedrsubcuta
neously
b. Therchildrcanrgoraheadrandrtakertheroralrmedicationrbecauserherdoesrhavertyper1rdiabetes
c. Therchildrcannotrtakertherpillsrbecauserwercan'trbersurerthatrherwouldrtakertherentirerdose
d. Therpillsrarerreservedrforrthoseroverrtheragerofr12
b. Howrtherconditionrisrtreatedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2r-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
12.rArmajorrdifferencerbetweenrBobbyr(typer1rdiabetes)randrhisrfatherr(typer2rdiabetes)ris:
a. Howrtherconditionrisrdiagnosedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
b. Howrtherconditionrisrtreatedrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
c. Therpotentialrlong-termrcomplications
d. Theroverallrgoalrofrtreatmentrbetweenrtyper1randrtyper2
c. Anrelevatedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevelr-rrCORRECTrANSWERS-
13.rBobbyrcomesrintortherclinicrafterr6rmonthsrforrarfollow-
uprvisit.rHerindicatesrthatrhisrbloodrsugarsrhaverbeenraroundr100rtor120rmg/dLrandrherhasrb
eenrfullyrparticipatingrinrtherotherraspectsrofrhisrdiabetesrmanagementrplan.rWhichrwouldrl
eadryourtorbelieverthatrherhasrnotrbeenrinrtightrcontrolrofrhisrdiabetes?
a. Arreducedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevel
b. Anrelevatedrglycosylatedrhemoglobinrlevel
c. Arrandomrbloodrsugarrofr150rmg/dLrperformedrinrtherclinic
