C724 WGU INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
primary storage - ✔✔flash memory chips, such as shown below, plugged into memory
slots on the motherboard.
Secondary storage - ✔✔accessed only through a system's input/output bus and is
generally several orders of magnitude slower than primary storage technologies
Removable media, such as magnetic floppy disks, optical discs (CDs & DVDs), and
USB flash drives
Tertiary storage - ✔✔consists of an automated robotic mechanism to mount and
dismount magnetic tape or optical discs.
First and second-generation computer languages - ✔✔were specific to the computer
manufacturer (1GL) or to a specific processor or environment (2GL).
Third generation computer languages (3GLs) - ✔✔high-level programming languages
such as FORTRAN, COBOL, C, Java, C++, and C#
Java - ✔✔An open-standard software language used for client-server internal
applications.
COBOL - ✔✔The first computer language; developed in the 1950s; still used today.
Fourth generation computer languages (4GL) - ✔✔software tools that help reduce the
amount of procedural knowledge that is needed about how computers operate and lets
end users create programs as needed; SQL is a 4GL.
Structured Query Language (SQL) - ✔✔A computing language that is used with
relational databases.
Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM) - ✔✔The main memory of a computer
system; requires constant refreshing.
Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) - ✔✔Retains memory for as long as power is
being supplied; does not need to be constantly refreshed; used to access the most
frequently used data, as it is faster.
Horizontal Application - ✔✔Software that provides solutions based upon the common
needs of many businesses.
Vertical Application - ✔✔Software that designed for a specific business.
,Software - ✔✔Provides instructions to computers to perform tasks.
Low-Level Programming Language - ✔✔Basic programming languages that used
machine language instruction; they are specific to the hardware and lack portability.
Dumb Terminal/Thin Client - ✔✔A terminal that depends on the host computer for its
processing power
optical character recognition (OCR) - ✔✔Reads machine printed text; used for time
cards.
Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) - ✔✔Reads handwritten text; more advanced
form of optical character recognition (OCR).
UNIX - ✔✔An operating system designed to code computer instructions in a mainframe
environment.
Workstation - ✔✔A powerful computer system that can handle intensive mathematical
operations; often used by engineers.
Mashup - ✔✔Occurs when software is mixed and matched to develop a customized
application
Field - ✔✔An attribute of an entity, such as name, address, or student ID.
Tuple/Record - ✔✔A record of data set in a row.
Query Language - ✔✔Provides instructions and procedures to retrieve data from a
database.
Primary Key - ✔✔A field that uniquely identifies a record, such as customer ID or
student ID.
Foreign Key - ✔✔Field that is a primary key to another table.
Schema - ✔✔The complete description of the database.
Variable - ✔✔a data type or simply type is a classification of data which tells the
compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data; can become
incompatible with data warehouse design.
Flat File Database - ✔✔Stores data in plain text, holding one record; cannot contain
multiple tables like a relational database.
, Online Analytical processing (OLAP) - ✔✔analyze transaction data used for making
decisions; multidimensional (cubical) data; requires a lengthy, complex loading and
updating phase.
Online transaction processing (OLTP) - ✔✔database design used for browsing and
manipulating business transaction activity.
Processing of information into the database.
Don't perform analyses on these databases because it could affect performance.
relational database - ✔✔type of database in which multiple information files are
combined into one database in one location, where data are stored in two-dimensional
tables known as relations and contain multiple entities and attributes
Object-Oriented Database - ✔✔A database that is designed to store mixed media, as
opposed to tables in relational databases.
Conceptual Data Model - ✔✔a map of concepts and their relationships used for
databases.
Logical Data Model - ✔✔Provides foundation for designing a database
Physical Data Model - ✔✔a representation of a data design as implemented, or
intended to be implemented, in a database management system
Pointers - ✔✔Used to show the relationship between data fields and tables.
Referential Integrity - ✔✔Table relationships must always be consistent; for an entity or
object to exist in a table, an equal value must exist in the referenced table; the primary
and foreign keys must be equal.
Types of relationships in a relational database model - ✔✔One-to-One, One-to-Many,
and Many-to-Many
Data Manipulation Language - ✔✔A language that allows users to easily modify the
data in a database.
Data Warehousing - ✔✔a system used for reporting and data analysis, and is
considered a core component of business intelligence; data is stored in one place.
data mart - ✔✔smaller subset database from a data warehouse typically focused on a
single area or function.
EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
primary storage - ✔✔flash memory chips, such as shown below, plugged into memory
slots on the motherboard.
Secondary storage - ✔✔accessed only through a system's input/output bus and is
generally several orders of magnitude slower than primary storage technologies
Removable media, such as magnetic floppy disks, optical discs (CDs & DVDs), and
USB flash drives
Tertiary storage - ✔✔consists of an automated robotic mechanism to mount and
dismount magnetic tape or optical discs.
First and second-generation computer languages - ✔✔were specific to the computer
manufacturer (1GL) or to a specific processor or environment (2GL).
Third generation computer languages (3GLs) - ✔✔high-level programming languages
such as FORTRAN, COBOL, C, Java, C++, and C#
Java - ✔✔An open-standard software language used for client-server internal
applications.
COBOL - ✔✔The first computer language; developed in the 1950s; still used today.
Fourth generation computer languages (4GL) - ✔✔software tools that help reduce the
amount of procedural knowledge that is needed about how computers operate and lets
end users create programs as needed; SQL is a 4GL.
Structured Query Language (SQL) - ✔✔A computing language that is used with
relational databases.
Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM) - ✔✔The main memory of a computer
system; requires constant refreshing.
Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) - ✔✔Retains memory for as long as power is
being supplied; does not need to be constantly refreshed; used to access the most
frequently used data, as it is faster.
Horizontal Application - ✔✔Software that provides solutions based upon the common
needs of many businesses.
Vertical Application - ✔✔Software that designed for a specific business.
,Software - ✔✔Provides instructions to computers to perform tasks.
Low-Level Programming Language - ✔✔Basic programming languages that used
machine language instruction; they are specific to the hardware and lack portability.
Dumb Terminal/Thin Client - ✔✔A terminal that depends on the host computer for its
processing power
optical character recognition (OCR) - ✔✔Reads machine printed text; used for time
cards.
Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR) - ✔✔Reads handwritten text; more advanced
form of optical character recognition (OCR).
UNIX - ✔✔An operating system designed to code computer instructions in a mainframe
environment.
Workstation - ✔✔A powerful computer system that can handle intensive mathematical
operations; often used by engineers.
Mashup - ✔✔Occurs when software is mixed and matched to develop a customized
application
Field - ✔✔An attribute of an entity, such as name, address, or student ID.
Tuple/Record - ✔✔A record of data set in a row.
Query Language - ✔✔Provides instructions and procedures to retrieve data from a
database.
Primary Key - ✔✔A field that uniquely identifies a record, such as customer ID or
student ID.
Foreign Key - ✔✔Field that is a primary key to another table.
Schema - ✔✔The complete description of the database.
Variable - ✔✔a data type or simply type is a classification of data which tells the
compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data; can become
incompatible with data warehouse design.
Flat File Database - ✔✔Stores data in plain text, holding one record; cannot contain
multiple tables like a relational database.
, Online Analytical processing (OLAP) - ✔✔analyze transaction data used for making
decisions; multidimensional (cubical) data; requires a lengthy, complex loading and
updating phase.
Online transaction processing (OLTP) - ✔✔database design used for browsing and
manipulating business transaction activity.
Processing of information into the database.
Don't perform analyses on these databases because it could affect performance.
relational database - ✔✔type of database in which multiple information files are
combined into one database in one location, where data are stored in two-dimensional
tables known as relations and contain multiple entities and attributes
Object-Oriented Database - ✔✔A database that is designed to store mixed media, as
opposed to tables in relational databases.
Conceptual Data Model - ✔✔a map of concepts and their relationships used for
databases.
Logical Data Model - ✔✔Provides foundation for designing a database
Physical Data Model - ✔✔a representation of a data design as implemented, or
intended to be implemented, in a database management system
Pointers - ✔✔Used to show the relationship between data fields and tables.
Referential Integrity - ✔✔Table relationships must always be consistent; for an entity or
object to exist in a table, an equal value must exist in the referenced table; the primary
and foreign keys must be equal.
Types of relationships in a relational database model - ✔✔One-to-One, One-to-Many,
and Many-to-Many
Data Manipulation Language - ✔✔A language that allows users to easily modify the
data in a database.
Data Warehousing - ✔✔a system used for reporting and data analysis, and is
considered a core component of business intelligence; data is stored in one place.
data mart - ✔✔smaller subset database from a data warehouse typically focused on a
single area or function.
