TCDHA 2026 EXAMS SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔what does aspirin do in relation to bleeding? - ✔✔irreversibly interferes with clotting
mechanism by reducing platelet adhesiveness
✔✔most frequent side effect associated with ASA - ✔✔gastrointestinal (GI) effects
✔✔the ability of aspirin to reduce fever results from what? - ✔✔inhibition of
prostaglandin synthesis in the hypothalamus
✔✔ASA analgesic is used for - ✔✔low to moderate pain
✔✔For severe pain you should consider? - ✔✔opioids
✔✔ASA peak effect on an empty stomach - ✔✔30 min
✔✔Aspirin have what actions - ✔✔anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and
antiplatelet
✔✔most useful and common Salicylate to reduce pain - ✔✔Aspirin
✔✔Clients pretreated with α-adrenergic blocking agents and then given epinephrine
exhibit a predominance of beta effects (vasodilation), which does what? - ✔✔this is
called epinephrine reversal since it lowers BP.
✔✔Adrenergic (sympathomimetic) agents should not be used in persons with
uncontrolled? - ✔✔hypertension, angina, or hyperthyroidism
✔✔Sympathomimetic agents will stimulate salivary flow from ONLY the -
✔✔Submaxillary and Sublingual glands
✔✔On administration of an agent, heart rate increases because of a direct effect on the
heart. However, total peripheral resistance decreases dramatically. As a consequence,
systolic blood pressure increases only slightly, and mean arterial pressure typically falls.
This agent is? - ✔✔Isoproterenol
✔✔β1- receptors - ✔✔stimulates heart muscle; increase heart rate
✔✔β2- receptors - ✔✔smooth muscle inhibition or relaxation
✔✔α-receptors - ✔✔cause excitation, contraction and thus vasoconstriction in smooth
muscles (increase blood pressure)
, ✔✔Anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) Agents effects on eye? - ✔✔cause mydriasis
and cycloplegia (paralysis of accommodation) of eye
✔✔Ipratropium - ✔✔an anticholinergic inhaler used to treat asthma
✔✔Anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) Agents prevent action of acetylcholine (ACh) at?
- ✔✔Postganglionic parasymphathetic endings.
✔✔The primary objective of drug therapy in the treatment of glaucoma (eye disease) is
- ✔✔Inhibition of cholinesterase
✔✔Cholinergic (Parasympathomimetic) Drugs contraindictions - ✔✔Hypothyroidism is
not a relative contraindication or caution with the use of cholinergic agents; however,
hyperthyroidism is because it may cause an increased risk of atrial fibrillation.
✔✔Cholinergic (Parasympathomimetic) Drugs effects on cardiovascular - ✔✔negative
chronotropic and negative inotropic actions; (An decrease in contraction and force):
✔✔ATROPINE - ✔✔will block the action of ACh at the postganglionic endings in the
PANS
✔✔When the enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine (ACh) is inhibited, the
concentration of ACh builds up, resulting in ? - ✔✔PANS stimulation
✔✔-LyTIC suffix - ✔✔blocker. referred to as an Antagonist
✔✔-Mim-ETIC suffix - ✔✔Agonist. produces the same effect as the neurotransmitter
✔✔ADRENERGIC - ✔✔Drug that acts at location where Norepinephrine (NE) is
released
✔✔CHOLINERGIC - ✔✔Drug that acts at location where acetylcholine (ACh) is
released
✔✔norephinephrine is the transmitter substance releseaed by postganglionic nerves
where? - ✔✔in SANS
✔✔where is acetylcholine (ACh) released? - ✔✔in PANS
✔✔SANS originates from? - ✔✔thoracic to the lumbar portion of the spinal cord
✔✔Pans originate from? - ✔✔nuclei of cranial nerves and sacral segments spinal cord.
SURE A+
✔✔what does aspirin do in relation to bleeding? - ✔✔irreversibly interferes with clotting
mechanism by reducing platelet adhesiveness
✔✔most frequent side effect associated with ASA - ✔✔gastrointestinal (GI) effects
✔✔the ability of aspirin to reduce fever results from what? - ✔✔inhibition of
prostaglandin synthesis in the hypothalamus
✔✔ASA analgesic is used for - ✔✔low to moderate pain
✔✔For severe pain you should consider? - ✔✔opioids
✔✔ASA peak effect on an empty stomach - ✔✔30 min
✔✔Aspirin have what actions - ✔✔anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and
antiplatelet
✔✔most useful and common Salicylate to reduce pain - ✔✔Aspirin
✔✔Clients pretreated with α-adrenergic blocking agents and then given epinephrine
exhibit a predominance of beta effects (vasodilation), which does what? - ✔✔this is
called epinephrine reversal since it lowers BP.
✔✔Adrenergic (sympathomimetic) agents should not be used in persons with
uncontrolled? - ✔✔hypertension, angina, or hyperthyroidism
✔✔Sympathomimetic agents will stimulate salivary flow from ONLY the -
✔✔Submaxillary and Sublingual glands
✔✔On administration of an agent, heart rate increases because of a direct effect on the
heart. However, total peripheral resistance decreases dramatically. As a consequence,
systolic blood pressure increases only slightly, and mean arterial pressure typically falls.
This agent is? - ✔✔Isoproterenol
✔✔β1- receptors - ✔✔stimulates heart muscle; increase heart rate
✔✔β2- receptors - ✔✔smooth muscle inhibition or relaxation
✔✔α-receptors - ✔✔cause excitation, contraction and thus vasoconstriction in smooth
muscles (increase blood pressure)
, ✔✔Anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) Agents effects on eye? - ✔✔cause mydriasis
and cycloplegia (paralysis of accommodation) of eye
✔✔Ipratropium - ✔✔an anticholinergic inhaler used to treat asthma
✔✔Anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) Agents prevent action of acetylcholine (ACh) at?
- ✔✔Postganglionic parasymphathetic endings.
✔✔The primary objective of drug therapy in the treatment of glaucoma (eye disease) is
- ✔✔Inhibition of cholinesterase
✔✔Cholinergic (Parasympathomimetic) Drugs contraindictions - ✔✔Hypothyroidism is
not a relative contraindication or caution with the use of cholinergic agents; however,
hyperthyroidism is because it may cause an increased risk of atrial fibrillation.
✔✔Cholinergic (Parasympathomimetic) Drugs effects on cardiovascular - ✔✔negative
chronotropic and negative inotropic actions; (An decrease in contraction and force):
✔✔ATROPINE - ✔✔will block the action of ACh at the postganglionic endings in the
PANS
✔✔When the enzyme that normally destroys acetylcholine (ACh) is inhibited, the
concentration of ACh builds up, resulting in ? - ✔✔PANS stimulation
✔✔-LyTIC suffix - ✔✔blocker. referred to as an Antagonist
✔✔-Mim-ETIC suffix - ✔✔Agonist. produces the same effect as the neurotransmitter
✔✔ADRENERGIC - ✔✔Drug that acts at location where Norepinephrine (NE) is
released
✔✔CHOLINERGIC - ✔✔Drug that acts at location where acetylcholine (ACh) is
released
✔✔norephinephrine is the transmitter substance releseaed by postganglionic nerves
where? - ✔✔in SANS
✔✔where is acetylcholine (ACh) released? - ✔✔in PANS
✔✔SANS originates from? - ✔✔thoracic to the lumbar portion of the spinal cord
✔✔Pans originate from? - ✔✔nuclei of cranial nerves and sacral segments spinal cord.
