NUR 201/ NUR201 Exam 3 – Medical-Surgical Nursing I Guide | Fortis (Latest 2026/ 2027 Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers | Grade A

NUR 201/ NUR201 Exam 3 – Medical-Surgical Nursing I Guide | Fortis (Latest 2026/ 2027 Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers | Grade A QUESTION hypertension s/s SILENT KILLER (often asymptomatic), headache, drowsiness, MI, vision changes, stroke, kidney failure, dizziness, blurred vision, blackouts, irritability, angina, dyspnea, or fatigue. QUESTION treatment for htn Answer: The goals of treatment are - Reduction of high blood pressure - Long-term control to decrease the risk of stroke, heartattack, loss of vision, and kidney disease. Smoking cessation, weight reduction, sodium restriction, alcohol restriction, exercise, a low-fat diet, stress control, Antihypertensive therapy QUESTION primary htn Answer: unknown cause QUESTION secondary htn Answer: Elevated BP with a specific cause QUESTION Primary HTN risk factors Answer: unknown cause 90-95% - age after 50 - etoh males: 2 drinks per day female: 1 drink per day - dm - elevated serum lipids ^ levels of cholesterol + triglycerides are primary rf for atherosclerosis hyperlipidemia more common in people with htn - ethnicity blacks - ^ sm diet - family hx - gender men women after 64 - obesity - sedentary lifestyle - poverty - stress - smokers ^ risk for cvd QUESTION Secondary HTN risk factors Answer: - cirrhosis - narrowing of the aorta - drug related estrogen replacement therapy, birth control pills, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal antinflammatory drugs (ex: cyclooxygenase 2- inhibitors), sns stimulants (coke, monoamine oxidase) - endocrine disorders ex: cushing syndrome, thyroid disorders, pheochromocytoma - neurological disorder ex: brain tumors, quadriplegia, traumatic brain injury - pregnancy induced HTN, - renal disease ex: renal artery stenosis, glomerulonephritis - sleep apnea QUESTION classification of htn Answer: normal - SBP (mmHg) 120 / DBP (mmHg) 80 elevated - SBP (mmHg) 120-129 / DBP (mmHg) 80 htn stage 1 - SBP (mmHg) 130-139 / DBP (mmHg) 80-89 htn stage 2 - SBP (mmHg) 140 / DBP (mmHg) 90 QUESTION complications of htn Answer: - can cause damage to arteries, making them less elastic. This places an increased workload on the heart. This may cause myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, and congestive heart failure. - small vessel damage to the brain disrupts circulation and may lead to transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and stroke. - may cause damage to the small vessels of the kidney and may lead to kidney failure. - damages the arteries of the eye, causing the formation of clots or occurrence of hemorrhage that may lead to blurred vision or blindness. QUESTION sodium intake for htn: Answer: no more than 1,500-2,000 milligrams (mg). QUESTION Arteriosclerosis Answer: hardening of the arteries Etiology: thickening of the artery walls that progresses to hardening as calcium deposits form. QUESTION Atherosclerosis Answer: artery narrowing due to lipids. Etiology: lipids are deposited within thevessel walls and combine with cells, fibrin, and celldebris to form plaques. QUESTION Diabetes mellitus speed development of both Answer: Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis. QUESTION Hypertension is a major factor in Answer: arteriosclerosis QUESTION diagnostic assessment for htn - hx + physical examination including ophthalmic examination - fasted blood glucose - routine urinalysis - basic metabolic panel with eGFR - complete blood count - serum lipid profile (total lipids, triglycerides, hdl and ldl cholesterol, total to hdl cholesterol ratio) - 12 lead ecg optional: 24 hour urinary creatinine clearance, echocardiography, liver function studies, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone QUESTION management for htn