NR 224: Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 2 Practice 2026 |Chamberlain
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection to a client. Which
of the following needle sizes is most appropriate for this route?
A. 18 gauge, 1.5 inch
B. 25 gauge, 5/8 inch
C. 22 gauge, 1 inch
D. 30 gauge, 1.5 inch
Answer: B
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections typically require a 25 to 27 gauge needle that is 3/8 to
5/8 inches long to reach the subcutaneous tissue without hitting the muscle.
2. When administering an intramuscular injection using the Z-track method,
what is the primary purpose of this technique?
A. To ensure the medication reaches the bone
B. To decrease the amount of pain felt by the patient
C. To prevent the medication from leaking into the subcutaneous tissue
D. To speed up the absorption of the medication
Answer: C
Rationale: The Z-track method seals the medication within the muscle and prevents
tracking of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue, reducing irritation and staining.
,3. A patient is receiving continuous enteral feedings via a nasogastric (NG) tube.
What is the priority nursing action to prevent aspiration?
A. Keep the head of the bed elevated at 30 to 45 degrees
B. Check the gastric residual every 24 hours
C. Flush the tube with 100 mL of water every hour
D. Administer the feeding at room temperature
Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed (HOB) to at least 30-45 degrees uses gravity to
keep the feeding in the stomach and significantly reduces the risk of aspiration.
4. Which electrolyte imbalance is a patient at risk for if they are taking a loop
diuretic like Furosemide?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause the kidneys to excrete more water, sodium, and potassium,
which commonly leads to low potassium levels (hypokalemia).
5. The nurse is assessing a patient’s IV site and notes redness, warmth, and a
palpable cord along the vein. These findings are consistent with:
A. Infiltration
B. Phlebitis
C. Extravasation
D. Circulatory overload
Answer: B
Rationale: Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein characterized by pain, edema, erythema,
and a palpable cord.
, 6. To verify the placement of a nasogastric tube before the first feeding, which
method is considered the gold standard?
A. Auscultating an air bolus
B. Radiographic (X-ray) study
C. Testing the pH of the aspirate
D. Checking the length of the exposed tube
Answer: B
Rationale: X-ray is the only definitive way to confirm that the NG tube is correctly placed
in the stomach and not the respiratory tract.
7. A patient has a Stage 2 pressure injury. How should the nurse document the
appearance of this wound?
A. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer
B. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue
C. Intact skin with non-blanchable redness
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone or tendon
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage 2 involves partial-thickness loss of the dermis, often appearing as a
shallow open ulcer or a ruptured/intact serum-filled blister.
8. When administering eye drops, where should the nurse instill the
medication?
A. Into the conjunctival sac
B. Into the outer canthus
C. Directly onto the cornea
D. Under the upper eyelid
Answer: A
Rationale: Instilling drops into the lower conjunctival sac prevents injury to the cornea
and ensures even distribution across the eye.
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection to a client. Which
of the following needle sizes is most appropriate for this route?
A. 18 gauge, 1.5 inch
B. 25 gauge, 5/8 inch
C. 22 gauge, 1 inch
D. 30 gauge, 1.5 inch
Answer: B
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections typically require a 25 to 27 gauge needle that is 3/8 to
5/8 inches long to reach the subcutaneous tissue without hitting the muscle.
2. When administering an intramuscular injection using the Z-track method,
what is the primary purpose of this technique?
A. To ensure the medication reaches the bone
B. To decrease the amount of pain felt by the patient
C. To prevent the medication from leaking into the subcutaneous tissue
D. To speed up the absorption of the medication
Answer: C
Rationale: The Z-track method seals the medication within the muscle and prevents
tracking of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue, reducing irritation and staining.
,3. A patient is receiving continuous enteral feedings via a nasogastric (NG) tube.
What is the priority nursing action to prevent aspiration?
A. Keep the head of the bed elevated at 30 to 45 degrees
B. Check the gastric residual every 24 hours
C. Flush the tube with 100 mL of water every hour
D. Administer the feeding at room temperature
Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed (HOB) to at least 30-45 degrees uses gravity to
keep the feeding in the stomach and significantly reduces the risk of aspiration.
4. Which electrolyte imbalance is a patient at risk for if they are taking a loop
diuretic like Furosemide?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause the kidneys to excrete more water, sodium, and potassium,
which commonly leads to low potassium levels (hypokalemia).
5. The nurse is assessing a patient’s IV site and notes redness, warmth, and a
palpable cord along the vein. These findings are consistent with:
A. Infiltration
B. Phlebitis
C. Extravasation
D. Circulatory overload
Answer: B
Rationale: Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein characterized by pain, edema, erythema,
and a palpable cord.
, 6. To verify the placement of a nasogastric tube before the first feeding, which
method is considered the gold standard?
A. Auscultating an air bolus
B. Radiographic (X-ray) study
C. Testing the pH of the aspirate
D. Checking the length of the exposed tube
Answer: B
Rationale: X-ray is the only definitive way to confirm that the NG tube is correctly placed
in the stomach and not the respiratory tract.
7. A patient has a Stage 2 pressure injury. How should the nurse document the
appearance of this wound?
A. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer
B. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue
C. Intact skin with non-blanchable redness
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone or tendon
Answer: A
Rationale: Stage 2 involves partial-thickness loss of the dermis, often appearing as a
shallow open ulcer or a ruptured/intact serum-filled blister.
8. When administering eye drops, where should the nurse instill the
medication?
A. Into the conjunctival sac
B. Into the outer canthus
C. Directly onto the cornea
D. Under the upper eyelid
Answer: A
Rationale: Instilling drops into the lower conjunctival sac prevents injury to the cornea
and ensures even distribution across the eye.
