MICROBIOLOGY UNIT 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
PEPTIDOGLYCAN - Answers - Polysaccharide composed of chains of two alternating
sugars and crossbridges of amino acids
GRAM + CELL WALL - Answers - Composed of 90% Peptidoglycan and Teichoic Acids
that anchor wall to cytoplasmic membrane, Simplex Structure
GRAM - CELL WALL - Answers - Composed of 10% Peptidoglycan and phosholipids,
proteins, and lipopolysaccharide, Complex Structure
PROKARYOTES - Answers - Lack nucleus & organelles, simple structure
EUKARYOTES - Answers - Have nucleus & membrane bound organelles, complex
structure
PURPLE - Answers - What color do Gram + cell walls stain?
PINK - Answers - What color does Gram - walls stain?
INSIDE CELL HOST - Answers - How do viruses multipy?
EDWARD JENNER - Answers - He introduced technique of vaccinations
BASAL BODY - Answers - Anchor's filament & hook to cell wall
FILAMENT - Answers - Long, whiplike portion of Flagella
FUNGI - Answers - Multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nutriention from absorbing
organic material from their environment
BACTERIA CELL WALL - Answers - Peptidoglycan is the molecule in most of these
MYCOLIC ACID - Answers - Waxy substance on mycobacterium that makes them hard
to treat
RESPONSE TO STIMULI - Answers - What makes flagella run and tumble
BACILLI - Answers - Rod shaped bacterium cells
COCCUS - Answers - Spherical shaped cells
, ARCHAEA - Answers - Prokaryotes found in extreme conditions,don't have
peptidoglycan cell walls, & don't cause disease
PROTOZOA - Answers - Movement caused by Cilia, Pseuodopods, or Flagella
BIOREMEDIATION - Answers - Microbes used to remove environment pollutants
BRIGHT-FIELD MICROSCOPE - Answers - Background is Light, Specimen is Clear;
1000X
DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPE - Answers - Background is Dark, Specimen is Light
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE - Answers - Detailed images of
speciman's internal; 100,000X
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE - Answers - Detailed images of speciman's
surface; 100,000X
SCANNING TUNNELING "PROBE" MICROSCOPE - Answers - Surface detail in fine
detail; 100 million X
ATOMIC FORCE PROBE MICROSCOPE - Answers - Makes Atoms & Molecules
visible inside, most common probe, 100 million X
DIFFERENTIAL (NOMARKSKI) MICROSCOPE - Answers - Image appears in 3D
PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPE - Answers - Speciman has light & dark areas
CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE - Answers - Use Fluorescent dyes, Computer constructs
digital image
FLUORESCENT MICROSCOPE - Answers - Bright colored structures against dark
background
GENETIC MATERIAL - Answers - What does the nucleus contain in an Eukaryotes
FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE - Answers - Responsiveness, Reproduction,
Metabolism, Growth
ALGAE - Answers - Which organism contains both unicellular & multicellular organisms
that use photosynthesis
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM - Answers - System for naming plants and animals; groups
similar organisms together
TYPES OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS - Answers - Bacteria & Archaea
ANSWERS
PEPTIDOGLYCAN - Answers - Polysaccharide composed of chains of two alternating
sugars and crossbridges of amino acids
GRAM + CELL WALL - Answers - Composed of 90% Peptidoglycan and Teichoic Acids
that anchor wall to cytoplasmic membrane, Simplex Structure
GRAM - CELL WALL - Answers - Composed of 10% Peptidoglycan and phosholipids,
proteins, and lipopolysaccharide, Complex Structure
PROKARYOTES - Answers - Lack nucleus & organelles, simple structure
EUKARYOTES - Answers - Have nucleus & membrane bound organelles, complex
structure
PURPLE - Answers - What color do Gram + cell walls stain?
PINK - Answers - What color does Gram - walls stain?
INSIDE CELL HOST - Answers - How do viruses multipy?
EDWARD JENNER - Answers - He introduced technique of vaccinations
BASAL BODY - Answers - Anchor's filament & hook to cell wall
FILAMENT - Answers - Long, whiplike portion of Flagella
FUNGI - Answers - Multicellular eukaryotes that obtain nutriention from absorbing
organic material from their environment
BACTERIA CELL WALL - Answers - Peptidoglycan is the molecule in most of these
MYCOLIC ACID - Answers - Waxy substance on mycobacterium that makes them hard
to treat
RESPONSE TO STIMULI - Answers - What makes flagella run and tumble
BACILLI - Answers - Rod shaped bacterium cells
COCCUS - Answers - Spherical shaped cells
, ARCHAEA - Answers - Prokaryotes found in extreme conditions,don't have
peptidoglycan cell walls, & don't cause disease
PROTOZOA - Answers - Movement caused by Cilia, Pseuodopods, or Flagella
BIOREMEDIATION - Answers - Microbes used to remove environment pollutants
BRIGHT-FIELD MICROSCOPE - Answers - Background is Light, Specimen is Clear;
1000X
DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPE - Answers - Background is Dark, Specimen is Light
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE - Answers - Detailed images of
speciman's internal; 100,000X
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE - Answers - Detailed images of speciman's
surface; 100,000X
SCANNING TUNNELING "PROBE" MICROSCOPE - Answers - Surface detail in fine
detail; 100 million X
ATOMIC FORCE PROBE MICROSCOPE - Answers - Makes Atoms & Molecules
visible inside, most common probe, 100 million X
DIFFERENTIAL (NOMARKSKI) MICROSCOPE - Answers - Image appears in 3D
PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPE - Answers - Speciman has light & dark areas
CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE - Answers - Use Fluorescent dyes, Computer constructs
digital image
FLUORESCENT MICROSCOPE - Answers - Bright colored structures against dark
background
GENETIC MATERIAL - Answers - What does the nucleus contain in an Eukaryotes
FOUR CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE - Answers - Responsiveness, Reproduction,
Metabolism, Growth
ALGAE - Answers - Which organism contains both unicellular & multicellular organisms
that use photosynthesis
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM - Answers - System for naming plants and animals; groups
similar organisms together
TYPES OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS - Answers - Bacteria & Archaea
