UF HSA 3111 FINAL REVIEW FINAL
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Systems thinking considers that actions or changes in one aspect of a health
system are likely to affect outcomes in another. Which of the following best
describes why systems thinking is necessary to navigate the complexity of
health systems?.
Answer: Systems thinking allows for a better understanding of the effects of
different interventions, policies, and behaviors on system-wide effects,
positive and negative, planned and unintended consequences.
◍ Healthy People Initiative.
Answer: - population focused- began 1979- first coordinated national
healthcare strategy- each decade releases new goals and objectives-
addresses variation in disease and morbidity for at-risk/minority
populations- attain healthy lives free from preventable disease, disability,
injury, and premature death- eliminate health disparities, achieve equity-
engage leadership for health & wellbeing of ALL
◍ The Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research was established in 1989 to
prioritize:.
Answer: funding two research projects: patient outcome research teams and
literature synthesis projects or meta-analyses.
◍ Enhancing healthcare treatment decisions by providing information to
consumers, providers, and payers to improve health outcomes by developing
and disseminating evidence on the effectiveness, benefits, and harms of
different treatment options best describe which research practice?.
Answer: Comparative effectiveness research
,◍ Triple Aim.
Answer: - big 2 reports for change: "to err is human" (healthcare is human
endeavor) and "crossing the quality chasm" (crisis of not meeting needs)-
introduced by institute for health improvement to focus on society at large-
experience of care, population health, per capita cost
◍ Iron Triangle.
Answer: - ACCESS, QUALITY, and COST- introduced by public health
management- created by Dr. Burwick
◍ Research studies may be observational or experimental. The essential
difference between experimental and observational studies is that in
experimental investigations.
Answer: the investigator actively intervenes by manipulating one variable to
determine what happens with the other variable.
◍ Evidence-based medicine is best described in terms of:.
Answer: the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best
evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.
◍ access to healthcare.
Answer: - timely use of personal health services to achieve best possible
health outcomes- 3 factors: entrance to system (usually insurance =
gateway), needed services in accessible location, availability of "right"
patient-provider relationship (communication, trust, respect)
◍ Which of the following best describes an emerging research field that seeks
to understand and improve how societies organize themselves in achieving
collective health goals and how different actors interact in the policy and
implementation processes to contribute to policy outcomes?.
Answer: Health policy and systems research
◍ uninsured in the
U. S..
Answer: - 30.4 million or 9.4% (8-15%) of non-institutionalized population-
5.2% below age 17 (but expect CHIP and Medicaid to cover ALL kids;
, uninsured kids come from high-income homes)- 13.3% ages 18-64- hispanic
families- ages 25-34 lack coverage the most (only 17% have it) bc getting
out of college and no job
◍ Clinical research focuses primarily on.
Answer: steps in the process of medical care such as early detection,
diagnosis, and treatment of disease or injury.
◍ needed services in accessible location.
Answer: - equitable care w/ improved health outcomes and reduced costs
happen when people utilize services on regular basis- PCP shortage and
maldistribution of physicians prevent timely care delivery
◍ patient-provider relationship.
Answer: - based on communication, trust, respect regardless of individual
differences- leads to increased health-seeking behaviors -> decreased ER
use and better chronic condition management
◍ access barriers.
Answer: - high cost, not having "usual" place of healthcare, timeliness,
language barrier, health literacy, health disparity, geographic location (rural
areas need more PCPs)- consequences: poorer health/quality of life,
increased healthcare costs, less use of preventive care, less likely to receive
timely care, more likely to use ER, more likely to live with chronic
condition and die prematurely
◍ healthcare costs.
Answer: - healthcare GDP % has more than tripled since 1960- 18% GDP in
2019 and expected 19.4% by 2027- PRIVATE spending on healthcare
exceeds other countries bc COST SHIFTING to cover those who can't pay
◍ U.
S. Healthcare Spending factors.
Answer: - population growth- aging population (Medicare funded by HMI
and SMI trust funds, but w/ aging there are less people paying into Medicare
and fund is being depleted; 2034 more elderly than kids)- disease prevalence
TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Systems thinking considers that actions or changes in one aspect of a health
system are likely to affect outcomes in another. Which of the following best
describes why systems thinking is necessary to navigate the complexity of
health systems?.
Answer: Systems thinking allows for a better understanding of the effects of
different interventions, policies, and behaviors on system-wide effects,
positive and negative, planned and unintended consequences.
◍ Healthy People Initiative.
Answer: - population focused- began 1979- first coordinated national
healthcare strategy- each decade releases new goals and objectives-
addresses variation in disease and morbidity for at-risk/minority
populations- attain healthy lives free from preventable disease, disability,
injury, and premature death- eliminate health disparities, achieve equity-
engage leadership for health & wellbeing of ALL
◍ The Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research was established in 1989 to
prioritize:.
Answer: funding two research projects: patient outcome research teams and
literature synthesis projects or meta-analyses.
◍ Enhancing healthcare treatment decisions by providing information to
consumers, providers, and payers to improve health outcomes by developing
and disseminating evidence on the effectiveness, benefits, and harms of
different treatment options best describe which research practice?.
Answer: Comparative effectiveness research
,◍ Triple Aim.
Answer: - big 2 reports for change: "to err is human" (healthcare is human
endeavor) and "crossing the quality chasm" (crisis of not meeting needs)-
introduced by institute for health improvement to focus on society at large-
experience of care, population health, per capita cost
◍ Iron Triangle.
Answer: - ACCESS, QUALITY, and COST- introduced by public health
management- created by Dr. Burwick
◍ Research studies may be observational or experimental. The essential
difference between experimental and observational studies is that in
experimental investigations.
Answer: the investigator actively intervenes by manipulating one variable to
determine what happens with the other variable.
◍ Evidence-based medicine is best described in terms of:.
Answer: the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best
evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.
◍ access to healthcare.
Answer: - timely use of personal health services to achieve best possible
health outcomes- 3 factors: entrance to system (usually insurance =
gateway), needed services in accessible location, availability of "right"
patient-provider relationship (communication, trust, respect)
◍ Which of the following best describes an emerging research field that seeks
to understand and improve how societies organize themselves in achieving
collective health goals and how different actors interact in the policy and
implementation processes to contribute to policy outcomes?.
Answer: Health policy and systems research
◍ uninsured in the
U. S..
Answer: - 30.4 million or 9.4% (8-15%) of non-institutionalized population-
5.2% below age 17 (but expect CHIP and Medicaid to cover ALL kids;
, uninsured kids come from high-income homes)- 13.3% ages 18-64- hispanic
families- ages 25-34 lack coverage the most (only 17% have it) bc getting
out of college and no job
◍ Clinical research focuses primarily on.
Answer: steps in the process of medical care such as early detection,
diagnosis, and treatment of disease or injury.
◍ needed services in accessible location.
Answer: - equitable care w/ improved health outcomes and reduced costs
happen when people utilize services on regular basis- PCP shortage and
maldistribution of physicians prevent timely care delivery
◍ patient-provider relationship.
Answer: - based on communication, trust, respect regardless of individual
differences- leads to increased health-seeking behaviors -> decreased ER
use and better chronic condition management
◍ access barriers.
Answer: - high cost, not having "usual" place of healthcare, timeliness,
language barrier, health literacy, health disparity, geographic location (rural
areas need more PCPs)- consequences: poorer health/quality of life,
increased healthcare costs, less use of preventive care, less likely to receive
timely care, more likely to use ER, more likely to live with chronic
condition and die prematurely
◍ healthcare costs.
Answer: - healthcare GDP % has more than tripled since 1960- 18% GDP in
2019 and expected 19.4% by 2027- PRIVATE spending on healthcare
exceeds other countries bc COST SHIFTING to cover those who can't pay
◍ U.
S. Healthcare Spending factors.
Answer: - population growth- aging population (Medicare funded by HMI
and SMI trust funds, but w/ aging there are less people paying into Medicare
and fund is being depleted; 2034 more elderly than kids)- disease prevalence
