BIL 150 MALLERY FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Fractionation - ✔✔procedure for isolation and purification of new protein
✔✔Electrophoresis - ✔✔passage of protein mixture through a porous medium (gel) via
its electrical charge that results in separation of proteins
✔✔# of amino acids in avg. protein - ✔✔300-400
✔✔Primary Structure of Protein - ✔✔linear sequence of amino acids
✔✔Secondary Structure of Protein - ✔✔characteristic structure that occurs in many
proteins (alpha helix, beta sheet)
✔✔Tertiary Structure of Protein - ✔✔3D shape due to weak electrostatic interactions
✔✔Quaternary Structure of Protein - ✔✔2 or more different polypeptides or subunits
interacting to give a unique 3D spatial relationship
✔✔Polymorphism - ✔✔proteins vary in primary amino acid sequence but have same
catalytic function
✔✔Cofactor - ✔✔inorganic ions that help catalyze electron reactions
✔✔Coenzyme - ✔✔organic non-protein molecules which catalyze reactions
✔✔Km - ✔✔substrate concentration at which rate is one-half maximal velocity
✔✔Column Chromotography - ✔✔separates proteins from others via flow thru media in
a glass column
, ✔✔3 Unifying Concepts of Biology - ✔✔cell theory, evolution, bioenergetics
✔✔Rudolph Virchow theory - ✔✔all cells arise from pre-existing cells
✔✔Spontaneous Generation - ✔✔Francisco Redi; whole organisms could arise
spontaneously or from inadamite matter
✔✔Louis Pasteur - ✔✔air is full of bacteria; broth
✔✔1. store hereditary info
2. replicate hereditary info
3. transcribe DNA into RNA
4. translate RNA into protein
5. enzymes
6. require free energy
7. same molecular building blocks
8. enclosed by cell membrane - ✔✔universal properties of all cells (8)
✔✔Bioenergetics - ✔✔science of energy flow and thermodynamics
✔✔Five kingdoms - ✔✔monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
✔✔3 domains - ✔✔archae, bacteria, eukarya
✔✔Monera - ✔✔true bacteria, most successful, single celled
✔✔Protista - ✔✔algae, unicellular eukaryotes
✔✔Plantae - ✔✔plants/photosynthetic organisms
✔✔Fungi - ✔✔molds/yeasts, decompose other organisms
✔✔Animalia - ✔✔animals, hetertrophs
✔✔Cosmology - ✔✔study of origin of the universe
✔✔Nucleosynthesis - ✔✔process of formation of 92 natural elements in the periodic
table
✔✔13.75 billion years - ✔✔Age of universe
✔✔4.5 billion years - ✔✔Age of earth
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Fractionation - ✔✔procedure for isolation and purification of new protein
✔✔Electrophoresis - ✔✔passage of protein mixture through a porous medium (gel) via
its electrical charge that results in separation of proteins
✔✔# of amino acids in avg. protein - ✔✔300-400
✔✔Primary Structure of Protein - ✔✔linear sequence of amino acids
✔✔Secondary Structure of Protein - ✔✔characteristic structure that occurs in many
proteins (alpha helix, beta sheet)
✔✔Tertiary Structure of Protein - ✔✔3D shape due to weak electrostatic interactions
✔✔Quaternary Structure of Protein - ✔✔2 or more different polypeptides or subunits
interacting to give a unique 3D spatial relationship
✔✔Polymorphism - ✔✔proteins vary in primary amino acid sequence but have same
catalytic function
✔✔Cofactor - ✔✔inorganic ions that help catalyze electron reactions
✔✔Coenzyme - ✔✔organic non-protein molecules which catalyze reactions
✔✔Km - ✔✔substrate concentration at which rate is one-half maximal velocity
✔✔Column Chromotography - ✔✔separates proteins from others via flow thru media in
a glass column
, ✔✔3 Unifying Concepts of Biology - ✔✔cell theory, evolution, bioenergetics
✔✔Rudolph Virchow theory - ✔✔all cells arise from pre-existing cells
✔✔Spontaneous Generation - ✔✔Francisco Redi; whole organisms could arise
spontaneously or from inadamite matter
✔✔Louis Pasteur - ✔✔air is full of bacteria; broth
✔✔1. store hereditary info
2. replicate hereditary info
3. transcribe DNA into RNA
4. translate RNA into protein
5. enzymes
6. require free energy
7. same molecular building blocks
8. enclosed by cell membrane - ✔✔universal properties of all cells (8)
✔✔Bioenergetics - ✔✔science of energy flow and thermodynamics
✔✔Five kingdoms - ✔✔monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
✔✔3 domains - ✔✔archae, bacteria, eukarya
✔✔Monera - ✔✔true bacteria, most successful, single celled
✔✔Protista - ✔✔algae, unicellular eukaryotes
✔✔Plantae - ✔✔plants/photosynthetic organisms
✔✔Fungi - ✔✔molds/yeasts, decompose other organisms
✔✔Animalia - ✔✔animals, hetertrophs
✔✔Cosmology - ✔✔study of origin of the universe
✔✔Nucleosynthesis - ✔✔process of formation of 92 natural elements in the periodic
table
✔✔13.75 billion years - ✔✔Age of universe
✔✔4.5 billion years - ✔✔Age of earth
