HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔Integumentary system - ✔✔Forms the external body covering and protects deeper
tissues from injury - made up of hair, nails and skin
✔✔Skeletal System - ✔✔Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework
the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints
✔✔Muscular system - ✔✔Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and
facial expression. Made up of skeletal muscles
✔✔Nervous system - ✔✔The fast acting control system of the body; it responds to
internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles muscles and glands.
Made up of the the brain, nerves and spinal cord
✔✔Endocrine system - ✔✔Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as
growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells. Mad up of pineal,
pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands, thymus, pancreas, ovaries and testis
, ✔✔Cardiovascular system - ✔✔Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood. Made up of blood
vessels and heart
✔✔Lymphatic system/ immunity - ✔✔Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and
returns it to blood, disposes of debris in lymphatic system, houses while blood cells
involved in immunity. Immune system attacks foreign substances in the body. Mad up of
red bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic vessels, thoracic duct, spleen, and lymph nodes
✔✔Respiratory system - ✔✔Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes
carbon dioxide. Made up of nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and bronchus
✔✔Digestive system - ✔✔Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood
for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces Made up of
oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum , and anus
✔✔Urinary system - ✔✔Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Made up of
kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra
✔✔Male and female reproductive systems - ✔✔Production of offspring. For male:
prostate gland, penis, testis, scrotum, ductus deferens. female: mammary glands,
ovary, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina
✔✔What are some functions of the lymphatic system? - ✔✔it picks up fluid leaked from
blood vessels and returns it to blood; disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream; houses
white blood cells involved in immunity;
✔✔What are the necessary life functions? - ✔✔maintaining boundaries, movement,
responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction and growth
✔✔What is metabolism? - ✔✔a broad term that includes all chemical reactions that
occur within the body
includes breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks (catabolism),
synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler ones (anabolism), and using
nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP, the energy rich molecules that power cellular
activities
✔✔What are the survival needs? - ✔✔Nutrients (needed for energy and cell building),
oxygen (approx. 20% of the air we breathe), water (60-80% of our body), normal body
temp. (37 c) and atmospheric pressure (force that air exerts on the surface of the body
✔✔What is homeostasis? - ✔✔the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal
environment in an ever-changing outside world
FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔Integumentary system - ✔✔Forms the external body covering and protects deeper
tissues from injury - made up of hair, nails and skin
✔✔Skeletal System - ✔✔Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework
the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints
✔✔Muscular system - ✔✔Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and
facial expression. Made up of skeletal muscles
✔✔Nervous system - ✔✔The fast acting control system of the body; it responds to
internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles muscles and glands.
Made up of the the brain, nerves and spinal cord
✔✔Endocrine system - ✔✔Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as
growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells. Mad up of pineal,
pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands, thymus, pancreas, ovaries and testis
, ✔✔Cardiovascular system - ✔✔Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen,
carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood. Made up of blood
vessels and heart
✔✔Lymphatic system/ immunity - ✔✔Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and
returns it to blood, disposes of debris in lymphatic system, houses while blood cells
involved in immunity. Immune system attacks foreign substances in the body. Mad up of
red bone marrow, thymus, lymphatic vessels, thoracic duct, spleen, and lymph nodes
✔✔Respiratory system - ✔✔Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes
carbon dioxide. Made up of nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and bronchus
✔✔Digestive system - ✔✔Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood
for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces Made up of
oral cavity, esophagus, liver, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum , and anus
✔✔Urinary system - ✔✔Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Made up of
kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra
✔✔Male and female reproductive systems - ✔✔Production of offspring. For male:
prostate gland, penis, testis, scrotum, ductus deferens. female: mammary glands,
ovary, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina
✔✔What are some functions of the lymphatic system? - ✔✔it picks up fluid leaked from
blood vessels and returns it to blood; disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream; houses
white blood cells involved in immunity;
✔✔What are the necessary life functions? - ✔✔maintaining boundaries, movement,
responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction and growth
✔✔What is metabolism? - ✔✔a broad term that includes all chemical reactions that
occur within the body
includes breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks (catabolism),
synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler ones (anabolism), and using
nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP, the energy rich molecules that power cellular
activities
✔✔What are the survival needs? - ✔✔Nutrients (needed for energy and cell building),
oxygen (approx. 20% of the air we breathe), water (60-80% of our body), normal body
temp. (37 c) and atmospheric pressure (force that air exerts on the surface of the body
✔✔What is homeostasis? - ✔✔the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal
environment in an ever-changing outside world
