HUMAN ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY MAIN
EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔Gross Anatomy - ✔✔Study of the larger structures of the body, typically with the
unaided (naked) eye; also referred to macroscopic anatomy
✔✔Growth - ✔✔Process in increasing in size
✔✔Homeostasis - ✔✔Steady state of body systems that living organisms maintain
- comes from two Greek words homeo, meaning 'similar' and stasis, meaning 'stable'.
✔✔Homeostatic Imbalance - ✔✔Occurs when the human body's internal environmental
variables become disturbed.
✔✔Inferior - ✔✔Describes a position below or lower than another part of the body
proper, near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal
column); also referred to as caudal
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔Describes the side or direction toward the side of the body
✔✔Medial - ✔✔Describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body
, ✔✔Mediastinum - ✔✔A division of the thoracic cavity; it contains the heart, thymus
gland, portions of the esophagus and trachea, and other structures.
- word from Medieval Latin mediastinus, "midway"
✔✔Metabolism - ✔✔Sum of all the body's chemical reactions
✔✔Microscopic Anatomy - ✔✔Study of very small structures of the body using
magnification
✔✔Midsagittal (Median) Section - ✔✔Any section that divides the body into right and left
✔✔Movement - ✔✔Used to describe the actions of muscles on the skeleton
✔✔Nasal Cavity - ✔✔The most superior part of the respiratory tract. It extends from the
vestibule to the nasopharynx.
✔✔Negative Feedback - ✔✔Homeostatic mechanism that tends to stabilize an upset n
the body's physiological condition by preventing an excessive response to a stimulus,
typically as the stimulus is removed
** inhibit or reduces the stimulus
** Example:If the temperature drops, the body shivers to bring up the temperature and if
it is too warm, the body will sweat to cool down due to evaporation.
✔✔Nutrient - ✔✔Chemical obtained from foods and beverages that is critical to human
survival
✔✔Oral Cavity - ✔✔Represents the first part of the digestive tube. Its primary function is
to serve as the entrance of the alimentary tract and to initiate the digestive process by
salivation and propulsion of the alimentary bolus into the pharynx
✔✔Orbital Cavity - ✔✔The bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball
- eye socket
✔✔Organ - ✔✔Functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissue
✔✔Organ System - ✔✔Group of organs that work together to carry out a particular
function
✔✔Organism - ✔✔Living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently
perform all physiologic functions necessary for life
✔✔Parasagittal Plane - ✔✔A sagittal section that is to the right or left of the body
midline (and so divides the body into unequal-sized left and right portions)
EXAM TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔Gross Anatomy - ✔✔Study of the larger structures of the body, typically with the
unaided (naked) eye; also referred to macroscopic anatomy
✔✔Growth - ✔✔Process in increasing in size
✔✔Homeostasis - ✔✔Steady state of body systems that living organisms maintain
- comes from two Greek words homeo, meaning 'similar' and stasis, meaning 'stable'.
✔✔Homeostatic Imbalance - ✔✔Occurs when the human body's internal environmental
variables become disturbed.
✔✔Inferior - ✔✔Describes a position below or lower than another part of the body
proper, near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal
column); also referred to as caudal
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔Describes the side or direction toward the side of the body
✔✔Medial - ✔✔Describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body
, ✔✔Mediastinum - ✔✔A division of the thoracic cavity; it contains the heart, thymus
gland, portions of the esophagus and trachea, and other structures.
- word from Medieval Latin mediastinus, "midway"
✔✔Metabolism - ✔✔Sum of all the body's chemical reactions
✔✔Microscopic Anatomy - ✔✔Study of very small structures of the body using
magnification
✔✔Midsagittal (Median) Section - ✔✔Any section that divides the body into right and left
✔✔Movement - ✔✔Used to describe the actions of muscles on the skeleton
✔✔Nasal Cavity - ✔✔The most superior part of the respiratory tract. It extends from the
vestibule to the nasopharynx.
✔✔Negative Feedback - ✔✔Homeostatic mechanism that tends to stabilize an upset n
the body's physiological condition by preventing an excessive response to a stimulus,
typically as the stimulus is removed
** inhibit or reduces the stimulus
** Example:If the temperature drops, the body shivers to bring up the temperature and if
it is too warm, the body will sweat to cool down due to evaporation.
✔✔Nutrient - ✔✔Chemical obtained from foods and beverages that is critical to human
survival
✔✔Oral Cavity - ✔✔Represents the first part of the digestive tube. Its primary function is
to serve as the entrance of the alimentary tract and to initiate the digestive process by
salivation and propulsion of the alimentary bolus into the pharynx
✔✔Orbital Cavity - ✔✔The bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball
- eye socket
✔✔Organ - ✔✔Functionally distinct structure composed of two or more types of tissue
✔✔Organ System - ✔✔Group of organs that work together to carry out a particular
function
✔✔Organism - ✔✔Living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently
perform all physiologic functions necessary for life
✔✔Parasagittal Plane - ✔✔A sagittal section that is to the right or left of the body
midline (and so divides the body into unequal-sized left and right portions)
