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Terms in this set (164)
(T/F) The primary ergogenic nutrients True
in most energy drinks (ED) and ES
appear to be carbohydrate and/or
caffeine
(T/F) The ergogenic value of caffeine True
on mental and physical performance
has been well-established but the
potential additive benefits of other
nutrients contained in energy drinks
(ED) and ES remains to be
determined.
Consuming energy drinks (ED) 10-60 True
minutes before exercise can improve
mental focus, alertness, anaerobic
performance, and/or endurance
performance.
What is needed for gluconeogenesis Stimulated by hormones such as glucagon, growth
in humans? Give examples of hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol.
gluconeogenic precursors.
Precursors include glycerol, lactate, propionate,
and certain amino acids.
,Compare fat and carb oxidation Fat is primary fuel source of low intensity exercise.
during exercise. Under what
conditions does one fuel source Carbs are the primary fuel source of moderate and
predominate over the other? high intensity exercise.
What activities or sports use ATP-PCr High-intensity, short duration activities utilize ATP-
energy system as the main energy PCr as dominant energy system.
system?
**6-30 seconds of all out effort (closer to 30 sec;
the more glycolysis starts to contribute to ATP
needs)
Where does most of the energy for The electron transport chain
ATP phosphorylation come from?
What is the Cori cycle? Process whereby lactate produced in a muscle cell
is released into the blood, travels to the liver, and is
converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis
What is the primary fuel source for: - High Jump = creatine phosphate
- High jump? - 1500 m run = muscle glycogen
- 1500 m run? - Marathon = free fatty acids
- Marathon?
Know the equivalent kcal values for: - 1g carb = 4 kcal/g
- 1g of carbohydrate - 1g of fat = 9kcal/g
- 1g of fat - 1g of protein = 4kcal/g
- 1g of protein
What is the SI unit for energy? Joule
What is lactate? A by-product of glycolysis formed when pyruvate
reacts with NADH in the presence of lactate
dehydrogenase enzyme.
, What is the rate limiting step in Fructose-6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 biphosphate
glycolysis? in the presence of the phosphofructokinase
enzyme
What organ(s) is/are involved in Liver and kidneys
nitrogen elimination?
During which process do amino Deamination; the liver
acids lose their amine or nitrogen
group and where does it happen?
What is the difference between a - Nutrition facts are used with non-dietary
Nutrition Facts label and a Dietary supplement foods and drinks
Facts label? - Dietary (supplement) Facts labels are used on
dietary supplements
Describe the reactions involving - Creatine kinase and ATP kinase are enzymes that
creatine kinase, creatine catalyze the addition of a phosphate group onto
phosphorylase, ATP kinase, and ATP creatine and ADP
phosphorylase. - Creatine phosphorylase and ATP phosphorylase
are enzymes that catalyze the removal of a
phosphate group from creatine phosphate and ATP
What is the effect of frequent - Increasing meal frequency helps decrease
feeding (6 meals/day) on appetite hunger and improve appetite control
and metabolic rate? - Increased meal frequency does not appear to
significantly enhance resting metabolic rate
Solutions | 2026 Edition | Pass Guaranteed
Save
Terms in this set (164)
(T/F) The primary ergogenic nutrients True
in most energy drinks (ED) and ES
appear to be carbohydrate and/or
caffeine
(T/F) The ergogenic value of caffeine True
on mental and physical performance
has been well-established but the
potential additive benefits of other
nutrients contained in energy drinks
(ED) and ES remains to be
determined.
Consuming energy drinks (ED) 10-60 True
minutes before exercise can improve
mental focus, alertness, anaerobic
performance, and/or endurance
performance.
What is needed for gluconeogenesis Stimulated by hormones such as glucagon, growth
in humans? Give examples of hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol.
gluconeogenic precursors.
Precursors include glycerol, lactate, propionate,
and certain amino acids.
,Compare fat and carb oxidation Fat is primary fuel source of low intensity exercise.
during exercise. Under what
conditions does one fuel source Carbs are the primary fuel source of moderate and
predominate over the other? high intensity exercise.
What activities or sports use ATP-PCr High-intensity, short duration activities utilize ATP-
energy system as the main energy PCr as dominant energy system.
system?
**6-30 seconds of all out effort (closer to 30 sec;
the more glycolysis starts to contribute to ATP
needs)
Where does most of the energy for The electron transport chain
ATP phosphorylation come from?
What is the Cori cycle? Process whereby lactate produced in a muscle cell
is released into the blood, travels to the liver, and is
converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis
What is the primary fuel source for: - High Jump = creatine phosphate
- High jump? - 1500 m run = muscle glycogen
- 1500 m run? - Marathon = free fatty acids
- Marathon?
Know the equivalent kcal values for: - 1g carb = 4 kcal/g
- 1g of carbohydrate - 1g of fat = 9kcal/g
- 1g of fat - 1g of protein = 4kcal/g
- 1g of protein
What is the SI unit for energy? Joule
What is lactate? A by-product of glycolysis formed when pyruvate
reacts with NADH in the presence of lactate
dehydrogenase enzyme.
, What is the rate limiting step in Fructose-6 phosphate to fructose 1,6 biphosphate
glycolysis? in the presence of the phosphofructokinase
enzyme
What organ(s) is/are involved in Liver and kidneys
nitrogen elimination?
During which process do amino Deamination; the liver
acids lose their amine or nitrogen
group and where does it happen?
What is the difference between a - Nutrition facts are used with non-dietary
Nutrition Facts label and a Dietary supplement foods and drinks
Facts label? - Dietary (supplement) Facts labels are used on
dietary supplements
Describe the reactions involving - Creatine kinase and ATP kinase are enzymes that
creatine kinase, creatine catalyze the addition of a phosphate group onto
phosphorylase, ATP kinase, and ATP creatine and ADP
phosphorylase. - Creatine phosphorylase and ATP phosphorylase
are enzymes that catalyze the removal of a
phosphate group from creatine phosphate and ATP
What is the effect of frequent - Increasing meal frequency helps decrease
feeding (6 meals/day) on appetite hunger and improve appetite control
and metabolic rate? - Increased meal frequency does not appear to
significantly enhance resting metabolic rate
