CISSN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔________ (NEAT) is the energy expenditure of all physical activities other than
volitional sporting-like exercise - ✔✔Non-exercise activity thermogenesis
✔✔The method of body composition that relies on air displacement plethysmography is
- ✔✔Bod Pod
✔✔_______ is a method of body composition that uses measures of body weight, body
volume and residual lung volume - ✔✔Hydrodensitometry
✔✔Which of the following body composition techniques uses low-dose radiation and
can measure bone mineral content? - ✔✔DEXA
✔✔When overweight individuals were put on a isoenergetic low-fat, high carbohydrate
diet (HC) versus high-fat, very-low carbohydrate diet (LC) for 52 weeks, the following
was discovered - ✔✔All of the above (the LC group diet promoted greater fat use during
submaximal aerobic exercise, both groups had similar gains in aerobic capacity, both
groups had similar gains in strength)
✔✔Increasing protein intake (and thus total energy intake) while keeping exercise
energy expenditure the same will likely result in - ✔✔No change in fat mass or lean
body mass
,✔✔Which of the following would have the greatest thermic effect (isocaloric servings)? -
✔✔Steak
✔✔A hot ginger beverage can have the following effect in overweight men -
✔✔enhanced thermogenesis AND reduced feelings of hunger
✔✔In studies that compare low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diets (with protein content
the same) - ✔✔weight loss is similar
✔✔Which of the following are true regarding body composition estimation? - ✔✔All of
the above (the BIA involves running an electrical current through the body, DEXA scans
involve the exposure of the subject or patient to low dose of radiation, the Bod Pod
estimates body density via air displacement)
✔✔Discuss briefly if consuming a high protein or low protein diet for ~ 2 months
modifies the thermic response to a standard meal - ✔✔There is no metabolic adaptation
to consuming a high protein diet
✔✔Discuss briefly how meal timing/pattern impacts the TEF - ✔✔There is reduced TEF
with an irregular (vs. regular) meal pattern
✔✔Discuss briefly what happens regarding an isocaloric low-carbohydrate ketogenic
diet versus a high carbohydrate diet on changes in body composition - ✔✔An isocaloric
ketogenic diet was not accompanied by an increased body fat loss
✔✔Describe briefly the differences (if any)in dietary protein requirements between
young and old individuals - ✔✔healthy older men (~71 yrs) are less sensitive to low
protein intakes and require a greater relative protein intake, in a single meal, than young
men (~22yrs) tos maximally stimulate postprandial rates of MPS
✔✔Describe briefly the effects of breakfasts higher in protein on measures of appetite,
energy expenditure and fat oxidation - ✔✔A protein-based breakfast increases
postprandial EE and fat oxidation, reduces hunger, and increases satiety when
compared with a carbohydrate-based breakfast
✔✔Regarding the most often used measures of body composition in sports science labs
(underwater weighing, DEXA, and Bod Pod), which are two-versus three-compartment
models? - ✔✔2 compartment (fat & LBM)= underwater weighing, Bod Pod
3 compartment (fat, bone, bone-free lean tissue)= DEXA
, ✔✔T or F: In general, diets (hypoenergetic) that are either low-carbohydrate/high fat
versus high-carbohydrate/low fat (with equal protein) tend to produce similar results in
terms of body weight loss. That is, neither diet is better. - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: in general, the isocaloric substitution of protein for carbohydrate tends to
improve body composition (if all else is kept the same) - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: There is ample evidence to suggest that the Mediterranean diet can confer
benefits in terms of lowering CVD risk - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: protein overfeeding in the absence of other changes has been shown to
have a neutral effect on body composition - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: the prolonged consumption of a high-protein diet does not modify the
thermogenic response to a standard meal (i.e. there is not a 'metabolic adaptation' to a
high protein diet) - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: a very low-carbohydrate diet is an effective alternative (to other diets such as
one that is low in fat) in improving exercise capacity in overweight and obese individuals
- ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: there is robust evidence to show that a ketogenic diet has a performance-
enhancing effect in running races of 10k to a half marathon - ✔✔false
✔✔T or F: an irregular meal frequency has been shown to have a negative effect by
decreasing the thermic effect of food - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: During a marked energy deficit, consumption of a diet containing 2.4g/kg/d of
protein was more effective than a diet of 1.2g/kg/d in promoting increases in LBM and
losses of fat mass in conjunction with a high volume of resistance and anaerobic
exercise - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: increased soy protein intake attenuated gains in muscle strength during
resistance training in older adults compared with increased intake of dairy protein -
✔✔true
✔✔Regarding carbohydrate feeding, which of the following strategies would likely have
the greatest performance benefit for a 10km running race? - ✔✔Consuming a high
glycemic index carbohydrate immediately pre and during the race
✔✔Glycogen stores are quite limited in skeletal muscle. Endogenous stores of glycogen
may last approximately ______ during moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise -
✔✔1.5-3 hours
✔✔________ (NEAT) is the energy expenditure of all physical activities other than
volitional sporting-like exercise - ✔✔Non-exercise activity thermogenesis
✔✔The method of body composition that relies on air displacement plethysmography is
- ✔✔Bod Pod
✔✔_______ is a method of body composition that uses measures of body weight, body
volume and residual lung volume - ✔✔Hydrodensitometry
✔✔Which of the following body composition techniques uses low-dose radiation and
can measure bone mineral content? - ✔✔DEXA
✔✔When overweight individuals were put on a isoenergetic low-fat, high carbohydrate
diet (HC) versus high-fat, very-low carbohydrate diet (LC) for 52 weeks, the following
was discovered - ✔✔All of the above (the LC group diet promoted greater fat use during
submaximal aerobic exercise, both groups had similar gains in aerobic capacity, both
groups had similar gains in strength)
✔✔Increasing protein intake (and thus total energy intake) while keeping exercise
energy expenditure the same will likely result in - ✔✔No change in fat mass or lean
body mass
,✔✔Which of the following would have the greatest thermic effect (isocaloric servings)? -
✔✔Steak
✔✔A hot ginger beverage can have the following effect in overweight men -
✔✔enhanced thermogenesis AND reduced feelings of hunger
✔✔In studies that compare low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diets (with protein content
the same) - ✔✔weight loss is similar
✔✔Which of the following are true regarding body composition estimation? - ✔✔All of
the above (the BIA involves running an electrical current through the body, DEXA scans
involve the exposure of the subject or patient to low dose of radiation, the Bod Pod
estimates body density via air displacement)
✔✔Discuss briefly if consuming a high protein or low protein diet for ~ 2 months
modifies the thermic response to a standard meal - ✔✔There is no metabolic adaptation
to consuming a high protein diet
✔✔Discuss briefly how meal timing/pattern impacts the TEF - ✔✔There is reduced TEF
with an irregular (vs. regular) meal pattern
✔✔Discuss briefly what happens regarding an isocaloric low-carbohydrate ketogenic
diet versus a high carbohydrate diet on changes in body composition - ✔✔An isocaloric
ketogenic diet was not accompanied by an increased body fat loss
✔✔Describe briefly the differences (if any)in dietary protein requirements between
young and old individuals - ✔✔healthy older men (~71 yrs) are less sensitive to low
protein intakes and require a greater relative protein intake, in a single meal, than young
men (~22yrs) tos maximally stimulate postprandial rates of MPS
✔✔Describe briefly the effects of breakfasts higher in protein on measures of appetite,
energy expenditure and fat oxidation - ✔✔A protein-based breakfast increases
postprandial EE and fat oxidation, reduces hunger, and increases satiety when
compared with a carbohydrate-based breakfast
✔✔Regarding the most often used measures of body composition in sports science labs
(underwater weighing, DEXA, and Bod Pod), which are two-versus three-compartment
models? - ✔✔2 compartment (fat & LBM)= underwater weighing, Bod Pod
3 compartment (fat, bone, bone-free lean tissue)= DEXA
, ✔✔T or F: In general, diets (hypoenergetic) that are either low-carbohydrate/high fat
versus high-carbohydrate/low fat (with equal protein) tend to produce similar results in
terms of body weight loss. That is, neither diet is better. - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: in general, the isocaloric substitution of protein for carbohydrate tends to
improve body composition (if all else is kept the same) - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: There is ample evidence to suggest that the Mediterranean diet can confer
benefits in terms of lowering CVD risk - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: protein overfeeding in the absence of other changes has been shown to
have a neutral effect on body composition - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: the prolonged consumption of a high-protein diet does not modify the
thermogenic response to a standard meal (i.e. there is not a 'metabolic adaptation' to a
high protein diet) - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: a very low-carbohydrate diet is an effective alternative (to other diets such as
one that is low in fat) in improving exercise capacity in overweight and obese individuals
- ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: there is robust evidence to show that a ketogenic diet has a performance-
enhancing effect in running races of 10k to a half marathon - ✔✔false
✔✔T or F: an irregular meal frequency has been shown to have a negative effect by
decreasing the thermic effect of food - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: During a marked energy deficit, consumption of a diet containing 2.4g/kg/d of
protein was more effective than a diet of 1.2g/kg/d in promoting increases in LBM and
losses of fat mass in conjunction with a high volume of resistance and anaerobic
exercise - ✔✔true
✔✔T or F: increased soy protein intake attenuated gains in muscle strength during
resistance training in older adults compared with increased intake of dairy protein -
✔✔true
✔✔Regarding carbohydrate feeding, which of the following strategies would likely have
the greatest performance benefit for a 10km running race? - ✔✔Consuming a high
glycemic index carbohydrate immediately pre and during the race
✔✔Glycogen stores are quite limited in skeletal muscle. Endogenous stores of glycogen
may last approximately ______ during moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise -
✔✔1.5-3 hours
