ECHELON STROKE COMPREHENSIVE
STROKE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
REVIEW SHEET FULL SOLUTIONS
●● What is the primary function of the cerebral cortex?
Answer: It is responsible for higher mental functions.
●● What does the cerebellum control?
Answer: Language, attention, motor control (balance, coordination,
timing, precision).
●● What is the role of the brainstem?
Answer: Regulates heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.
●● What is the medulla oblongata responsible for?
Answer: Respiratory and cardiac functions.
●● What does the midbrain control?
Answer: Auditory and visual reflex centers.
●● What is the function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?
Answer: Regulates consciousness, attention, and sleep.
,●● What is altered mental status?
Answer: Any state of awareness that differs from the normal awareness
of a conscious patient.
●● What are the requirements for the RAS to function properly?
Answer: Oxygen, glucose, and water.
●● What can cause altered mental status?
Answer: Structural or metabolic issues, including deficiencies in
oxygen, glucose, and water.
●● What should responders consider when approaching a patient with
altered mental status?
Answer: The safety of themselves and their team.
●● What is hypoxia?
Answer: A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.
●● What is the AVPU scale used for?
Answer: To quickly categorize a patient's level of consciousness: Alert,
Verbal, Painful, Unconscious.
, ●● What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) measure?
Answer: The patient's level of consciousness based on eye, motor, and
verbal responses.
●● What happens during syncope?
Answer: Loss of consciousness is usually brief, and the patient regains
consciousness quickly after lying flat.
●● What is glucose's role in the body?
Answer: It is the body's basic source of energy.
●● Why can't glucose pass into cells without insulin?
Answer: Glucose is a large molecule that requires insulin to enter cells.
●● What triggers the pancreas to secrete insulin?
Answer: When blood glucose levels exceed 90 milligrams/deciliter.
●● What is essential for maintaining normal mental status?
Answer: Normal glucose levels in the blood.
●● What is the relationship between insulin and glucose?
Answer: Insulin binds to receptor sites on cells to allow glucose
molecules to pass into the cells.
STROKE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
REVIEW SHEET FULL SOLUTIONS
●● What is the primary function of the cerebral cortex?
Answer: It is responsible for higher mental functions.
●● What does the cerebellum control?
Answer: Language, attention, motor control (balance, coordination,
timing, precision).
●● What is the role of the brainstem?
Answer: Regulates heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.
●● What is the medulla oblongata responsible for?
Answer: Respiratory and cardiac functions.
●● What does the midbrain control?
Answer: Auditory and visual reflex centers.
●● What is the function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?
Answer: Regulates consciousness, attention, and sleep.
,●● What is altered mental status?
Answer: Any state of awareness that differs from the normal awareness
of a conscious patient.
●● What are the requirements for the RAS to function properly?
Answer: Oxygen, glucose, and water.
●● What can cause altered mental status?
Answer: Structural or metabolic issues, including deficiencies in
oxygen, glucose, and water.
●● What should responders consider when approaching a patient with
altered mental status?
Answer: The safety of themselves and their team.
●● What is hypoxia?
Answer: A deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues.
●● What is the AVPU scale used for?
Answer: To quickly categorize a patient's level of consciousness: Alert,
Verbal, Painful, Unconscious.
, ●● What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) measure?
Answer: The patient's level of consciousness based on eye, motor, and
verbal responses.
●● What happens during syncope?
Answer: Loss of consciousness is usually brief, and the patient regains
consciousness quickly after lying flat.
●● What is glucose's role in the body?
Answer: It is the body's basic source of energy.
●● Why can't glucose pass into cells without insulin?
Answer: Glucose is a large molecule that requires insulin to enter cells.
●● What triggers the pancreas to secrete insulin?
Answer: When blood glucose levels exceed 90 milligrams/deciliter.
●● What is essential for maintaining normal mental status?
Answer: Normal glucose levels in the blood.
●● What is the relationship between insulin and glucose?
Answer: Insulin binds to receptor sites on cells to allow glucose
molecules to pass into the cells.
