NSG 100 Exam 4 – Introduction to
Nursing Concepts Questions And Answers
Plus Rationales | Qs & Ans 2026 | Instant Pdf
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1. A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who reports pain at a
level of 8 on a 0–10 scale. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Reposition the patient
B. Administer prescribed analgesic
C. Apply a warm compress
D. Notify the provider
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain is a priority. The nurse should first administer prescribed
analgesic to relieve pain, then use nonpharmacologic measures as
adjuncts.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient’s blood pressure. The patient has
the cuff on the same arm as an arteriovenous (AV) fistula. Which
action should the nurse take?
A. Take the blood pressure in the opposite arm
B. Proceed with the blood pressure measurement
C. Use a smaller cuff
D. Use the patient’s thigh
,Answer: A
Rationale: Blood pressure should never be taken on an arm with an AV
fistula (risk of damage). Use the opposite arm.
3. A patient has an order for “oob” activity. What does this
abbreviation mean?
A. Out of bed
B. On oxygen by mask
C. Oral before meals
D. Out of breath
Answer: A
Rationale: OOB is a standard abbreviation meaning “out of bed.”
4. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which technique is correct for maintaining sterility?
A. Open the catheter kit and place supplies on the overbed table
B. Use clean gloves for the entire procedure
C. Maintain the sterile field and use sterile gloves
D. Clean the meatus with an antiseptic from anal to meatus
Answer: C
Rationale: Indwelling catheter insertion requires sterile technique (sterile
gloves, sterile field, sterile drapes). Clean meatus from meatus outward
(not anal to meatus).
5. A patient has a temperature of 38.9°C (102°F). Which phase of
fever is characterized by shivering and feeling cold?
,A. Defervescence (crisis)
B. Prodromal phase
C. Chill phase (onset/rigor)
D. Flush phase
Answer: C
Rationale: The chill phase (onset) involves shivering, piloerection, and
feeling cold as the body raises its set point. Flush phase is when body
temperature plateaus.
6. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which statement about
alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is correct?
A. ABHR is effective against Clostridioides difficile spores
B. ABHR should be used when hands are visibly soiled
C. ABHR is preferred over soap and water for routine hand hygiene
D. ABHR should be used for 5 seconds only
Answer: C
Rationale: ABHR is preferred for routine hand hygiene unless hands are
visibly soiled or C. diff is suspected (soap and water required).
7. A patient is on fall precautions. Which intervention is most
important?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position
B. Place the call light within reach
C. Raise all four side rails
D. Leave the patient alone to promote independence
, Answer: B
Rationale: Call light within reach allows patient to call for assistance.
Side rails may be a restraint; bed should be lowest position.
8. A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which
food should the patient avoid?
A. Fresh apple
B. Canned chicken noodle soup
C. Oatmeal
D. Broccoli
Answer: B
Rationale: Canned soups are high in sodium. Fresh fruits, vegetables,
and oatmeal are low in sodium.
9. A patient has a stage 2 pressure injury on the sacrum. Which
finding is characteristic of stage 2?
A. Full-thickness skin loss with visible fat
B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
C. Intact skin with nonblanchable redness
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone
Answer: B
Rationale: Stage 2 pressure injury: partial-thickness skin loss involving
epidermis and dermis, presents as a shallow open ulcer or
intact/ruptured blister.
Nursing Concepts Questions And Answers
Plus Rationales | Qs & Ans 2026 | Instant Pdf
Download
1. A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who reports pain at a
level of 8 on a 0–10 scale. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Reposition the patient
B. Administer prescribed analgesic
C. Apply a warm compress
D. Notify the provider
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain is a priority. The nurse should first administer prescribed
analgesic to relieve pain, then use nonpharmacologic measures as
adjuncts.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient’s blood pressure. The patient has
the cuff on the same arm as an arteriovenous (AV) fistula. Which
action should the nurse take?
A. Take the blood pressure in the opposite arm
B. Proceed with the blood pressure measurement
C. Use a smaller cuff
D. Use the patient’s thigh
,Answer: A
Rationale: Blood pressure should never be taken on an arm with an AV
fistula (risk of damage). Use the opposite arm.
3. A patient has an order for “oob” activity. What does this
abbreviation mean?
A. Out of bed
B. On oxygen by mask
C. Oral before meals
D. Out of breath
Answer: A
Rationale: OOB is a standard abbreviation meaning “out of bed.”
4. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which technique is correct for maintaining sterility?
A. Open the catheter kit and place supplies on the overbed table
B. Use clean gloves for the entire procedure
C. Maintain the sterile field and use sterile gloves
D. Clean the meatus with an antiseptic from anal to meatus
Answer: C
Rationale: Indwelling catheter insertion requires sterile technique (sterile
gloves, sterile field, sterile drapes). Clean meatus from meatus outward
(not anal to meatus).
5. A patient has a temperature of 38.9°C (102°F). Which phase of
fever is characterized by shivering and feeling cold?
,A. Defervescence (crisis)
B. Prodromal phase
C. Chill phase (onset/rigor)
D. Flush phase
Answer: C
Rationale: The chill phase (onset) involves shivering, piloerection, and
feeling cold as the body raises its set point. Flush phase is when body
temperature plateaus.
6. A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which statement about
alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is correct?
A. ABHR is effective against Clostridioides difficile spores
B. ABHR should be used when hands are visibly soiled
C. ABHR is preferred over soap and water for routine hand hygiene
D. ABHR should be used for 5 seconds only
Answer: C
Rationale: ABHR is preferred for routine hand hygiene unless hands are
visibly soiled or C. diff is suspected (soap and water required).
7. A patient is on fall precautions. Which intervention is most
important?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position
B. Place the call light within reach
C. Raise all four side rails
D. Leave the patient alone to promote independence
, Answer: B
Rationale: Call light within reach allows patient to call for assistance.
Side rails may be a restraint; bed should be lowest position.
8. A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which
food should the patient avoid?
A. Fresh apple
B. Canned chicken noodle soup
C. Oatmeal
D. Broccoli
Answer: B
Rationale: Canned soups are high in sodium. Fresh fruits, vegetables,
and oatmeal are low in sodium.
9. A patient has a stage 2 pressure injury on the sacrum. Which
finding is characteristic of stage 2?
A. Full-thickness skin loss with visible fat
B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
C. Intact skin with nonblanchable redness
D. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone
Answer: B
Rationale: Stage 2 pressure injury: partial-thickness skin loss involving
epidermis and dermis, presents as a shallow open ulcer or
intact/ruptured blister.
