WGU D027 UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Why is it important to remain on a normal, gluten-containing diet prior to testing for
celiac disease? - ✔✔- Alter the results of the test
- If the blood tests and symptoms indicate the disease, a physician will likely suggest a
biopsy for the lining of the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis
✔✔Which part of the bowels is more affected by celiac disease? - ✔✔- Duodenum and
jejunum
✔✔What are some symptoms of celiac disease? - ✔✔- Pale, greasy, bulky, and foul
smelling diarrhea
- Easily bruises and/or bleeds
- Abdominal pain
- Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia (irritability, tremors, convulsions, tetany, bone
pain, osteomalacia, and dental abnormalities)
✔✔What is the treatment for celiac disease? - ✔✔- Lifelong adherence to a gluten free
diet
- Steroids and immunosuppressants may be required
,✔✔What are some foods that are contain gluten? - ✔✔- Wheat
- Rye
- Barley
- Malt
✔✔What is Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects
the lining of the digestive tract
- May cause intestinal bleeding, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, fissure,
malabsorption, ileus, bowel resection, pancreatitis, mouth ulcers, kidney stones,
inflammation of the eyes
- A lot of times, they do not absorb iron and some other minerals and vitamins, thus,
patients may have issues getting all minerals and vitamins
✔✔What are tests are used in the diagnosing Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Anti-
saccharomyces antibody test (ASCA)
- CBC (H/H, WBC)
- Heme-occult
- C-reactive protein (sign of inflammation)
- Electrolyte panel (K due to diarrhea)
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (amount of inflammation)
- Iron and B12 levels
- KUB
- Upper endoscopy
- Barium x-rays
- CT/MRI (external view)
- Video capsule endoscopy
✔✔Which tests may show lesions for patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Barium x-ray
- in the small intestines
- Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy (primarily) - in the large intestines
✔✔Which two lab tests measure inflammation? - ✔✔- C-reactive protein
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (looks at the amount of inflammation by measuring the
amount of time it takes for erythrocytes to fall to the bottom of the tube)
✔✔What are some medications/treatments used to treat Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Aminosalicylates
- Corticosteroids
- Immunosuppressants
- Biologics (remicade)
- Antibiotics
- Surgical incision of the affected area
✔✔Why are aminosalicylates used for in patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Reduce
inflammation
,✔✔What are some aminosalicylates that are used to treat Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Sulfasalazine
- Mesalamine
✔✔Why are corticosteroids used for in patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Reduce
inflammation
- Only used if aminosalicylates are not effective during an exacerbation
✔✔What are some immunosuppressants that are used for in patients with Crohn's
disease? - ✔✔- Azathiroprine
- Cyclosporine
- Tactolimus
- Methotrexate
- Infliximab
✔✔Why are antibiotics used to manage patient's with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- To
manage intestinal bacterial overgrowth
✔✔What diet is best for patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Low residue diet: low fiber
foods, lean proteins, small/refined grains, fully cooked/non cruciferous vegetables (help
prevent gas/bloating), low fat foods, probiotics (when there is not an exacerbation), and
nutritional shakes
- Avoid alcohol and caffeine (dehydrating and diuretics)
- Hydration and electrolyte replacement drinks
✔✔What are patients with atopic dermatitis and eczema have an increased risk for? -
✔✔- Crohn's disease
- Celiac disease
✔✔How does patients with Crohn's disease's bowels look like? - ✔✔- "Skip lesions" on
the bowel tissue (mucosal lesions where inflammation exists)
- Tissue may appear as cobblestones on biopsy
✔✔What is the difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in terms of
symptoms and body impacts? - ✔✔- Crohn's is inflammation and scarring in the
intestine (bowel) disease lining of all of the digestive tract and worsens after eating
- Ulcerative colitis is inflammation of the bowel/digestive tract and is only in the
innermost lining of the large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔Which test is used to diagnose ulcerative colitis vs Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Ulcerative colitis: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test (PANCA)
- Crohn's disease: Anti-saccharomyces antibody test (ASCA)
, ✔✔Where in the bowels does Crohn's disease affect? - ✔✔- Can be throughout the
entire intestinal lining
- Generally, in the small intestines
✔✔Where in the bowels does ulcerative colitis affect? - ✔✔- Only the innermost lining of
the large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔What causes the pain to worsen in patients with Crohn's? - ✔✔- After eating
- Pain is usually around the navel or lower right abdomen
✔✔What is ulcerative coloitis? - ✔✔- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causes
inflammation and ulcers (sores) in the digestive tract
- Affects the innermost lining of your large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔What are some symptoms of ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Varies on the inflammation
and where it occurs
- Diarrhea, often with blood or pus
- Abdominal pain and cramping
- Rectal pain/bleeding
- Urgency to defecate and inability
- In children, failure to grow
✔✔What are some diagnostic methods for ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Ulcerative colitis:
Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test (PANCA)
- CBC, CRP, ESR, LFT, electrolyte panel
- ANA (anti-nuclear antibody)
- Colonoscopy
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy
- Stool studies
- X-rays, CT scan, MRI
✔✔What are some pharmacologic treatments for ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Anti-
inflammatory drugs
- Corticosteroids (prednisone) are reserved for moderate to severe conditions that do
not respond to other treatments
- Immunosuppressants to suppress the immune response that starts with inflammation
- Antidiarrheals, pain relievers, antispasmodics, iron supplements
✔✔What diet is best for patients with ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- No firm evidence that
what you eat actually causes it
- Certain foods and beverages can aggrate signs and symptoms
- Limit dairy products
- Small meals
- Drink plenty of liquids
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Why is it important to remain on a normal, gluten-containing diet prior to testing for
celiac disease? - ✔✔- Alter the results of the test
- If the blood tests and symptoms indicate the disease, a physician will likely suggest a
biopsy for the lining of the small intestine to confirm the diagnosis
✔✔Which part of the bowels is more affected by celiac disease? - ✔✔- Duodenum and
jejunum
✔✔What are some symptoms of celiac disease? - ✔✔- Pale, greasy, bulky, and foul
smelling diarrhea
- Easily bruises and/or bleeds
- Abdominal pain
- Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia (irritability, tremors, convulsions, tetany, bone
pain, osteomalacia, and dental abnormalities)
✔✔What is the treatment for celiac disease? - ✔✔- Lifelong adherence to a gluten free
diet
- Steroids and immunosuppressants may be required
,✔✔What are some foods that are contain gluten? - ✔✔- Wheat
- Rye
- Barley
- Malt
✔✔What is Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects
the lining of the digestive tract
- May cause intestinal bleeding, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping, fissure,
malabsorption, ileus, bowel resection, pancreatitis, mouth ulcers, kidney stones,
inflammation of the eyes
- A lot of times, they do not absorb iron and some other minerals and vitamins, thus,
patients may have issues getting all minerals and vitamins
✔✔What are tests are used in the diagnosing Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Anti-
saccharomyces antibody test (ASCA)
- CBC (H/H, WBC)
- Heme-occult
- C-reactive protein (sign of inflammation)
- Electrolyte panel (K due to diarrhea)
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (amount of inflammation)
- Iron and B12 levels
- KUB
- Upper endoscopy
- Barium x-rays
- CT/MRI (external view)
- Video capsule endoscopy
✔✔Which tests may show lesions for patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Barium x-ray
- in the small intestines
- Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy (primarily) - in the large intestines
✔✔Which two lab tests measure inflammation? - ✔✔- C-reactive protein
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (looks at the amount of inflammation by measuring the
amount of time it takes for erythrocytes to fall to the bottom of the tube)
✔✔What are some medications/treatments used to treat Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Aminosalicylates
- Corticosteroids
- Immunosuppressants
- Biologics (remicade)
- Antibiotics
- Surgical incision of the affected area
✔✔Why are aminosalicylates used for in patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Reduce
inflammation
,✔✔What are some aminosalicylates that are used to treat Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Sulfasalazine
- Mesalamine
✔✔Why are corticosteroids used for in patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Reduce
inflammation
- Only used if aminosalicylates are not effective during an exacerbation
✔✔What are some immunosuppressants that are used for in patients with Crohn's
disease? - ✔✔- Azathiroprine
- Cyclosporine
- Tactolimus
- Methotrexate
- Infliximab
✔✔Why are antibiotics used to manage patient's with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- To
manage intestinal bacterial overgrowth
✔✔What diet is best for patients with Crohn's disease? - ✔✔- Low residue diet: low fiber
foods, lean proteins, small/refined grains, fully cooked/non cruciferous vegetables (help
prevent gas/bloating), low fat foods, probiotics (when there is not an exacerbation), and
nutritional shakes
- Avoid alcohol and caffeine (dehydrating and diuretics)
- Hydration and electrolyte replacement drinks
✔✔What are patients with atopic dermatitis and eczema have an increased risk for? -
✔✔- Crohn's disease
- Celiac disease
✔✔How does patients with Crohn's disease's bowels look like? - ✔✔- "Skip lesions" on
the bowel tissue (mucosal lesions where inflammation exists)
- Tissue may appear as cobblestones on biopsy
✔✔What is the difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in terms of
symptoms and body impacts? - ✔✔- Crohn's is inflammation and scarring in the
intestine (bowel) disease lining of all of the digestive tract and worsens after eating
- Ulcerative colitis is inflammation of the bowel/digestive tract and is only in the
innermost lining of the large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔Which test is used to diagnose ulcerative colitis vs Crohn's disease? - ✔✔-
Ulcerative colitis: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test (PANCA)
- Crohn's disease: Anti-saccharomyces antibody test (ASCA)
, ✔✔Where in the bowels does Crohn's disease affect? - ✔✔- Can be throughout the
entire intestinal lining
- Generally, in the small intestines
✔✔Where in the bowels does ulcerative colitis affect? - ✔✔- Only the innermost lining of
the large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔What causes the pain to worsen in patients with Crohn's? - ✔✔- After eating
- Pain is usually around the navel or lower right abdomen
✔✔What is ulcerative coloitis? - ✔✔- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causes
inflammation and ulcers (sores) in the digestive tract
- Affects the innermost lining of your large intestines (colon) and rectum
✔✔What are some symptoms of ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Varies on the inflammation
and where it occurs
- Diarrhea, often with blood or pus
- Abdominal pain and cramping
- Rectal pain/bleeding
- Urgency to defecate and inability
- In children, failure to grow
✔✔What are some diagnostic methods for ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Ulcerative colitis:
Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test (PANCA)
- CBC, CRP, ESR, LFT, electrolyte panel
- ANA (anti-nuclear antibody)
- Colonoscopy
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy
- Stool studies
- X-rays, CT scan, MRI
✔✔What are some pharmacologic treatments for ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- Anti-
inflammatory drugs
- Corticosteroids (prednisone) are reserved for moderate to severe conditions that do
not respond to other treatments
- Immunosuppressants to suppress the immune response that starts with inflammation
- Antidiarrheals, pain relievers, antispasmodics, iron supplements
✔✔What diet is best for patients with ulcerative colitis? - ✔✔- No firm evidence that
what you eat actually causes it
- Certain foods and beverages can aggrate signs and symptoms
- Limit dairy products
- Small meals
- Drink plenty of liquids
