Biology 102 Final Exam
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Produce ATP
B. Store genetic information
C. Transport oxygen
D. Digest nutrients
Correct Answer: B. Store genetic information
Rationale: DNA contains hereditary information that directs cell structure and function.
ATP stores energy, oxygen is transported mainly by hemoglobin, and digestion is
performed by enzymes.
2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
,D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochrondion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for
cellular processes.
3. During photosynthesis, plants convert:
A. Glucose into oxygen
B. Oxygen into carbon dioxide
C. Light energy into chemical energy
D. Proteins into carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C. Light energy into chemical energy
Rationale: Photosynthesis captures sunlight and stores its energy in glucose molecules.
4. Which molecule carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein
synthesis?
A. DNA
,B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. rRNA
Correct Answer: C. tRNA
Rationale: Transfer RNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome according to
the genetic code.
5. What is the basic unit of life?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. Organism
Correct Answer: C. Cell
Rationale: The cell is the smallest structure capable of performing all life functions.
, 6. Which phase of mitosis involves chromosome alignment at the cell's
equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B. Metaphase
Rationale: During metaphase, chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate.
7. What is the primary role of enzymes?
A. Store energy
B. Slow reactions
C. Catalyze reactions
D. Transport molecules
Correct Answer: C. Catalyze reactions
Rationale: Enzymes lower activation energy, speeding up chemical reactions.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Produce ATP
B. Store genetic information
C. Transport oxygen
D. Digest nutrients
Correct Answer: B. Store genetic information
Rationale: DNA contains hereditary information that directs cell structure and function.
ATP stores energy, oxygen is transported mainly by hemoglobin, and digestion is
performed by enzymes.
2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
,D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: C. Mitochrondion
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for
cellular processes.
3. During photosynthesis, plants convert:
A. Glucose into oxygen
B. Oxygen into carbon dioxide
C. Light energy into chemical energy
D. Proteins into carbohydrates
Correct Answer: C. Light energy into chemical energy
Rationale: Photosynthesis captures sunlight and stores its energy in glucose molecules.
4. Which molecule carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein
synthesis?
A. DNA
,B. mRNA
C. tRNA
D. rRNA
Correct Answer: C. tRNA
Rationale: Transfer RNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome according to
the genetic code.
5. What is the basic unit of life?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. Organism
Correct Answer: C. Cell
Rationale: The cell is the smallest structure capable of performing all life functions.
, 6. Which phase of mitosis involves chromosome alignment at the cell's
equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Correct Answer: B. Metaphase
Rationale: During metaphase, chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate.
7. What is the primary role of enzymes?
A. Store energy
B. Slow reactions
C. Catalyze reactions
D. Transport molecules
Correct Answer: C. Catalyze reactions
Rationale: Enzymes lower activation energy, speeding up chemical reactions.
