ABO NCLE UPDATED EXAMINERS SET QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Lacrimal Caruncle - ✔✔Located at the medial canthus the lacrimal caruncle also
produces a liquid that soothes and lubricates the eye. These secretions combine with
those from the Meibomian glands to make up the eyes tear film.
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔The clear lens or structure that covers the iris or the colored part of the
eye. The cornea is the first major structure that refracts light as it enters the eye. It has
no blood supply and gets all of its oxygen directly from the air.
✔✔Pupil - ✔✔The opening created by the iris changing size
✔✔Sclera - ✔✔"the whites of your eyes." The sclera is a thick, tough and fibrous layer
that provides the structure of the entire eyeball.
✔✔Limbus - ✔✔Where the cornea blends into the sclera
✔✔Iris - ✔✔The colored area under the cornea that opens and closes to regulate light
entering the eye.
✔✔Palpebral Conjunctiva - ✔✔The layer that covers the eyelids.
, ✔✔Ocular or Bulbar Conjunctiva - ✔✔The layer that covers the exposed portions of the
eye.
✔✔Lateral Rectus - ✔✔Rotates eye laterally or out towards the ear. Attaches directly to
the side of the eye and runs straight back.
✔✔Superior Rectus - ✔✔Eye looks up. Attaches directly to the top of the eye and runs
straight back.
✔✔Medial Rectus - ✔✔Rotates eye medially or in towards the nose. Attaches directly to
the side of the eye and runs straight back.
✔✔Inferior Rectus - ✔✔Eye looks down. Attaches directly to bottom of the eye and runs
straight back.
✔✔Inferior Oblique - ✔✔Eye rolls, looks up and to the side. Attaches along the lateral
side of the eye and runs under the eye passing over the inferior rectus and attaches
medially.
✔✔Superior Oblique - ✔✔Eye rolls, looks down and to the side. Attaches under the
superior rectus, passes through a bony spur known as the Trochlea, and then follow the
path of the superior rectus. The raised attachment point provides the muscle the ability
to give the eye rotation.
✔✔Emmetropic Eye - ✔✔Notice that in the emmetropic eye all the rays of light entering
the eye all focus on the retina right where they need to be to provide crisp sight without
the need of corrective lenses.
✔✔Presbyopia - ✔✔Presbyopia makes us unable to read fine print, thread a needle, or
do fine work without the aid of magnification. Presbyopia is when the crystalline lens
can no longer change shape and provide accommodation. It remains in the flatter less
plus shape shown in blue. Prescriptions for presbyopia will show corrections for
distance, if required, and the additional notation of an add power as in one of these
examples: Add +2.50 Add +1.25
✔✔Simple Myopia - ✔✔Simple because all the rays of light entering the eye focus at the
same spot, it is the wrong spot, but they all meet at the same place. The retina is further
back from the cornea than in an emmetropic eye, so the rays fail to reach the back of
the eye and the retina. Persons with myopia are nearsighted; they are capable of seeing
things at "near" distances, or up very close to their eyes. They can read fine print,
thread a needle, and work with tiny objects. They cannot see a street sign down the
road or a bird high in a tree, without correction. Myopia is corrected with minus lenses. It
is easy to remember: Just think my-opia and mi-nus lenses. A prescription for a person
with simple myopia would be written like one of these examples: -1.00 Sphere -2.50
Sphere
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Lacrimal Caruncle - ✔✔Located at the medial canthus the lacrimal caruncle also
produces a liquid that soothes and lubricates the eye. These secretions combine with
those from the Meibomian glands to make up the eyes tear film.
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔The clear lens or structure that covers the iris or the colored part of the
eye. The cornea is the first major structure that refracts light as it enters the eye. It has
no blood supply and gets all of its oxygen directly from the air.
✔✔Pupil - ✔✔The opening created by the iris changing size
✔✔Sclera - ✔✔"the whites of your eyes." The sclera is a thick, tough and fibrous layer
that provides the structure of the entire eyeball.
✔✔Limbus - ✔✔Where the cornea blends into the sclera
✔✔Iris - ✔✔The colored area under the cornea that opens and closes to regulate light
entering the eye.
✔✔Palpebral Conjunctiva - ✔✔The layer that covers the eyelids.
, ✔✔Ocular or Bulbar Conjunctiva - ✔✔The layer that covers the exposed portions of the
eye.
✔✔Lateral Rectus - ✔✔Rotates eye laterally or out towards the ear. Attaches directly to
the side of the eye and runs straight back.
✔✔Superior Rectus - ✔✔Eye looks up. Attaches directly to the top of the eye and runs
straight back.
✔✔Medial Rectus - ✔✔Rotates eye medially or in towards the nose. Attaches directly to
the side of the eye and runs straight back.
✔✔Inferior Rectus - ✔✔Eye looks down. Attaches directly to bottom of the eye and runs
straight back.
✔✔Inferior Oblique - ✔✔Eye rolls, looks up and to the side. Attaches along the lateral
side of the eye and runs under the eye passing over the inferior rectus and attaches
medially.
✔✔Superior Oblique - ✔✔Eye rolls, looks down and to the side. Attaches under the
superior rectus, passes through a bony spur known as the Trochlea, and then follow the
path of the superior rectus. The raised attachment point provides the muscle the ability
to give the eye rotation.
✔✔Emmetropic Eye - ✔✔Notice that in the emmetropic eye all the rays of light entering
the eye all focus on the retina right where they need to be to provide crisp sight without
the need of corrective lenses.
✔✔Presbyopia - ✔✔Presbyopia makes us unable to read fine print, thread a needle, or
do fine work without the aid of magnification. Presbyopia is when the crystalline lens
can no longer change shape and provide accommodation. It remains in the flatter less
plus shape shown in blue. Prescriptions for presbyopia will show corrections for
distance, if required, and the additional notation of an add power as in one of these
examples: Add +2.50 Add +1.25
✔✔Simple Myopia - ✔✔Simple because all the rays of light entering the eye focus at the
same spot, it is the wrong spot, but they all meet at the same place. The retina is further
back from the cornea than in an emmetropic eye, so the rays fail to reach the back of
the eye and the retina. Persons with myopia are nearsighted; they are capable of seeing
things at "near" distances, or up very close to their eyes. They can read fine print,
thread a needle, and work with tiny objects. They cannot see a street sign down the
road or a bird high in a tree, without correction. Myopia is corrected with minus lenses. It
is easy to remember: Just think my-opia and mi-nus lenses. A prescription for a person
with simple myopia would be written like one of these examples: -1.00 Sphere -2.50
Sphere
