BIO 201 Human Anatomy and Physiology Exam 1
Questions & Answers 2026 | Latest Review Guide
1. What anatomical region does the term 'axillary' describe?
Wrist region
Armpit region
Knee region
Elbow region
2. What are the three main functions of the digestive system?
Break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate solid waste.
Produce hormones, regulate temperature, and filter blood.
Transport oxygen, remove carbon dioxide, and regulate pH levels.
Store energy, synthesize proteins, and produce antibodies.
3. Describe the role of each component of the cardiovascular system.
The heart absorbs nutrients, blood vessels distribute hormones, and
blood fights infections.
The heart filters blood, blood vessels store blood, and blood
produces hormones.
The heart generates heat, blood vessels regulate temperature, and
blood removes waste.
The heart pumps blood, blood vessels transport blood, and blood
carries nutrients and oxygen.
,4. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence. Histology is the
study of
organs and organ systems.
cells and membranes.
tissues.
skin.
5. Which of the following is a primary function of the skeletal system
it serves as levers to produce body movements
it protects numerous internal organs and other structures of the body
it serves as attachments for muscles
all of the above
6. Describe the relationship between the pleura and lung function in the
respiratory system.
The pleura allows for smooth movement of the lungs during
breathing by reducing friction.
The pleura supports the diaphragm during contraction.
The pleura is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs.
The pleura prevents air from entering the lungs.
7. If an athlete engages in a rigorous weight training program, what
physiological change would you expect to observe in their muscle cells over
time?
Decreased muscle cell size due to atrophy
Increased muscle cell size due to hypertrophy
, No change in muscle cell size or number
Increased number of muscle cells due to hyperplasia
8. If a person has impaired kidney function, what impact might this have on their
acid-base balance?
It could lead to an imbalance in acid-base levels.
It would enhance the body's ability to regulate temperature.
It would improve nutrient absorption in the intestines.
It would increase the production of red blood cells.
9. The primary function(s) of the spinal cord is
intelligence and memory.
speech, taste, smell, vision, hearing, and touch.
to control muscle activity.
a link between brain and body.
10. If a medical professional is examining the relationship between the heart and
the lungs, which branch of science are they primarily utilizing?
Microbiology
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
11. What does the term 'cellular' specifically refer to in human biology?
The structure of tissues.
, The organization of systems.
All of the cells in the body.
The function of organs.
12. The main functions of epithelial tissues are to cover, line, protect, and _.
transport oxygen
communicate
ingest
store nutrients
secrete
13. Describe the role of hormones in the endocrine system.
Hormones are neurotransmitters that transmit signals between
neurons.
Hormones are produced by the digestive system to aid in food
breakdown.
Hormones are secreted by endocrine organs to facilitate internal
communication within the body.
Hormones are waste products eliminated by the excretory system.
14. In a medical imaging report, a doctor notes that a tumor is located laterally
to the heart. What does this imply about the tumor's position?
The tumor is located behind the heart.
The tumor is positioned away from the midline of the body, towards
the side.
The tumor is located directly above the heart.
Questions & Answers 2026 | Latest Review Guide
1. What anatomical region does the term 'axillary' describe?
Wrist region
Armpit region
Knee region
Elbow region
2. What are the three main functions of the digestive system?
Break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate solid waste.
Produce hormones, regulate temperature, and filter blood.
Transport oxygen, remove carbon dioxide, and regulate pH levels.
Store energy, synthesize proteins, and produce antibodies.
3. Describe the role of each component of the cardiovascular system.
The heart absorbs nutrients, blood vessels distribute hormones, and
blood fights infections.
The heart filters blood, blood vessels store blood, and blood
produces hormones.
The heart generates heat, blood vessels regulate temperature, and
blood removes waste.
The heart pumps blood, blood vessels transport blood, and blood
carries nutrients and oxygen.
,4. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence. Histology is the
study of
organs and organ systems.
cells and membranes.
tissues.
skin.
5. Which of the following is a primary function of the skeletal system
it serves as levers to produce body movements
it protects numerous internal organs and other structures of the body
it serves as attachments for muscles
all of the above
6. Describe the relationship between the pleura and lung function in the
respiratory system.
The pleura allows for smooth movement of the lungs during
breathing by reducing friction.
The pleura supports the diaphragm during contraction.
The pleura is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs.
The pleura prevents air from entering the lungs.
7. If an athlete engages in a rigorous weight training program, what
physiological change would you expect to observe in their muscle cells over
time?
Decreased muscle cell size due to atrophy
Increased muscle cell size due to hypertrophy
, No change in muscle cell size or number
Increased number of muscle cells due to hyperplasia
8. If a person has impaired kidney function, what impact might this have on their
acid-base balance?
It could lead to an imbalance in acid-base levels.
It would enhance the body's ability to regulate temperature.
It would improve nutrient absorption in the intestines.
It would increase the production of red blood cells.
9. The primary function(s) of the spinal cord is
intelligence and memory.
speech, taste, smell, vision, hearing, and touch.
to control muscle activity.
a link between brain and body.
10. If a medical professional is examining the relationship between the heart and
the lungs, which branch of science are they primarily utilizing?
Microbiology
Anatomy
Physiology
Biochemistry
11. What does the term 'cellular' specifically refer to in human biology?
The structure of tissues.
, The organization of systems.
All of the cells in the body.
The function of organs.
12. The main functions of epithelial tissues are to cover, line, protect, and _.
transport oxygen
communicate
ingest
store nutrients
secrete
13. Describe the role of hormones in the endocrine system.
Hormones are neurotransmitters that transmit signals between
neurons.
Hormones are produced by the digestive system to aid in food
breakdown.
Hormones are secreted by endocrine organs to facilitate internal
communication within the body.
Hormones are waste products eliminated by the excretory system.
14. In a medical imaging report, a doctor notes that a tumor is located laterally
to the heart. What does this imply about the tumor's position?
The tumor is located behind the heart.
The tumor is positioned away from the midline of the body, towards
the side.
The tumor is located directly above the heart.
