BIO 322 Test 3 Questions with Complete
Solutions|| GRADED A+|| LATEST
UPDATE 2026
Ovulation
The biological process when a mature egg is released from an ovary into the
reproductive tract.
Induced ovulation
Sex stimulates the secretion of LH (luteinizing hormone) into the blood from the pituitary
gland which results in ovulation.
Ex. Bunnies, certain cats, shrews
Steps to induced ovulation
1. Nerves in the cervix send action potential to the hypothalamus in the brain to release
a hormone called GnRH
2. GnRH is sent to the pituitary gland to release LH into the bloodstream
3. Causes the egg to be released and meets with sperm in the fallopian tube
Advantages to induced ovulation
Reproductive success almost guaranteed
Useful when mate encounters are rare
,No wasted eggs
Disadvantages to induced ovulation
offspring are not born year-round as its seasonal
Estrous cycle
"in heat" fertile and receptive to mating. Shows signs behaviorally and physically.
Reabsorbs uterine lining if fertilization does not occur
only sexually receptive when fertile
induced or spontaneous fertilization
cycle period vary widely
MOST COMMON: SPONTANEOUS OVULATION AND ESTROUS CYCLE
Menstrual cycle
no drastic physical changes when ovulating/fertile
Sheds uterine lining if fertilization does not occur
adult humans can technically be receptive to sex at any point in cycle
, only spontaneous ovulation
Cycle lasts 28 days
Animal examples: humans, some primates, some bats, elephant shrew, and spiny
mouse.
Spontaneous ovulation
the periodic rise in estrogen triggers the release of LH from the pituitary glands which
results in ovulation
occurs in regular intervals from endogenous hormone cycle rather than from copulation
ex. most mammals including humans
Advantages to spontaneous ovulation
useful when mates are always available
disadvantages to spontaneous ovulation
mating must Line up with fertile window, reproductive success is not guaranteed
Viviparous
birth method: live birth
site of larval development: inside body (womb)
nourishment: mother (placenta)
Solutions|| GRADED A+|| LATEST
UPDATE 2026
Ovulation
The biological process when a mature egg is released from an ovary into the
reproductive tract.
Induced ovulation
Sex stimulates the secretion of LH (luteinizing hormone) into the blood from the pituitary
gland which results in ovulation.
Ex. Bunnies, certain cats, shrews
Steps to induced ovulation
1. Nerves in the cervix send action potential to the hypothalamus in the brain to release
a hormone called GnRH
2. GnRH is sent to the pituitary gland to release LH into the bloodstream
3. Causes the egg to be released and meets with sperm in the fallopian tube
Advantages to induced ovulation
Reproductive success almost guaranteed
Useful when mate encounters are rare
,No wasted eggs
Disadvantages to induced ovulation
offspring are not born year-round as its seasonal
Estrous cycle
"in heat" fertile and receptive to mating. Shows signs behaviorally and physically.
Reabsorbs uterine lining if fertilization does not occur
only sexually receptive when fertile
induced or spontaneous fertilization
cycle period vary widely
MOST COMMON: SPONTANEOUS OVULATION AND ESTROUS CYCLE
Menstrual cycle
no drastic physical changes when ovulating/fertile
Sheds uterine lining if fertilization does not occur
adult humans can technically be receptive to sex at any point in cycle
, only spontaneous ovulation
Cycle lasts 28 days
Animal examples: humans, some primates, some bats, elephant shrew, and spiny
mouse.
Spontaneous ovulation
the periodic rise in estrogen triggers the release of LH from the pituitary glands which
results in ovulation
occurs in regular intervals from endogenous hormone cycle rather than from copulation
ex. most mammals including humans
Advantages to spontaneous ovulation
useful when mates are always available
disadvantages to spontaneous ovulation
mating must Line up with fertile window, reproductive success is not guaranteed
Viviparous
birth method: live birth
site of larval development: inside body (womb)
nourishment: mother (placenta)
