PSYC 304 LATEST EXAMS SCRIPT ALL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Incongruent Stimulus - ✔✔Stimuli that do not match, leading to slower and error-
prone responses.
✔✔Anterior Cingulate Cortex - ✔✔Frontal lobe area involved in performance on the
Stroop Task.
✔✔Psychoactive Drugs - ✔✔Substances that alter mood or state of consciousness.
✔✔Neuropsychopharmacology - ✔✔Field combining neuroscience with
psychopharmacology principles.
✔✔Bioavailability - ✔✔How much of a drug reaches the circulatory system.
✔✔Intravenous Administration - ✔✔Injecting a drug directly into the bloodstream.
✔✔Inhalation - ✔✔Absorbing a drug through capillaries in the lungs.
✔✔Intranasal Administration - ✔✔Inhaling a drug through the nostrils for absorption.
, ✔✔Oral Administration - ✔✔Common method where drugs are absorbed through the
digestive system.
✔✔Transdermal Administration - ✔✔Using a skin patch or ointment for drug absorption.
✔✔Absorption into the bloodstream - ✔✔Absorption of an orally administered drug can
vary based on what an individual eats.
✔✔Blood-brain barrier (BBB) - ✔✔Regulates which molecules are allowed to enter the
brain's circulatory system based on factors like size, electrical charge, & lipid solubility.
✔✔Metabolism - ✔✔Varies across factors like age, sex, genetics, and body
composition.
✔✔Prodrugs - ✔✔Inactive until they are metabolized.
✔✔Excretion from the body - ✔✔Drugs and their metabolites are removed from the
body primarily by the kidney, but also through sweat, breath, and other excretions.
✔✔Half-life - ✔✔Time it takes a drug's blood concentration to fall to 50% of its starting
value, which can vary by drug & route of administration.
✔✔Action potential in the presynaptic cell - ✔✔First step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Neurotransmitter synthesis - ✔✔Second step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Packaging into vesicles - ✔✔Third step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Release into the synapse - ✔✔Fourth step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Receptor actions - ✔✔End the actions of neurotransmitters.
✔✔Enzymatic breakdown - ✔✔Sixth step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Uptake - ✔✔Seventh step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Ligand - ✔✔A molecule that binds to a receptor's binding site.
✔✔Binding affinity - ✔✔Strength of the interaction between different drugs and their
target receptors.
✔✔Agonists - ✔✔Activate the receptor.
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Incongruent Stimulus - ✔✔Stimuli that do not match, leading to slower and error-
prone responses.
✔✔Anterior Cingulate Cortex - ✔✔Frontal lobe area involved in performance on the
Stroop Task.
✔✔Psychoactive Drugs - ✔✔Substances that alter mood or state of consciousness.
✔✔Neuropsychopharmacology - ✔✔Field combining neuroscience with
psychopharmacology principles.
✔✔Bioavailability - ✔✔How much of a drug reaches the circulatory system.
✔✔Intravenous Administration - ✔✔Injecting a drug directly into the bloodstream.
✔✔Inhalation - ✔✔Absorbing a drug through capillaries in the lungs.
✔✔Intranasal Administration - ✔✔Inhaling a drug through the nostrils for absorption.
, ✔✔Oral Administration - ✔✔Common method where drugs are absorbed through the
digestive system.
✔✔Transdermal Administration - ✔✔Using a skin patch or ointment for drug absorption.
✔✔Absorption into the bloodstream - ✔✔Absorption of an orally administered drug can
vary based on what an individual eats.
✔✔Blood-brain barrier (BBB) - ✔✔Regulates which molecules are allowed to enter the
brain's circulatory system based on factors like size, electrical charge, & lipid solubility.
✔✔Metabolism - ✔✔Varies across factors like age, sex, genetics, and body
composition.
✔✔Prodrugs - ✔✔Inactive until they are metabolized.
✔✔Excretion from the body - ✔✔Drugs and their metabolites are removed from the
body primarily by the kidney, but also through sweat, breath, and other excretions.
✔✔Half-life - ✔✔Time it takes a drug's blood concentration to fall to 50% of its starting
value, which can vary by drug & route of administration.
✔✔Action potential in the presynaptic cell - ✔✔First step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Neurotransmitter synthesis - ✔✔Second step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Packaging into vesicles - ✔✔Third step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Release into the synapse - ✔✔Fourth step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Receptor actions - ✔✔End the actions of neurotransmitters.
✔✔Enzymatic breakdown - ✔✔Sixth step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Uptake - ✔✔Seventh step in the action of drugs.
✔✔Ligand - ✔✔A molecule that binds to a receptor's binding site.
✔✔Binding affinity - ✔✔Strength of the interaction between different drugs and their
target receptors.
✔✔Agonists - ✔✔Activate the receptor.
