PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH FINAL EXAM
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What term refers to a disturbance in higher level cognitive functioning: an impaired
ability to recognize familiar objects and faces? - ✔✔Agnosia
✔✔This term refers to a disturbance in higher level cognitive functioning that manifests
as poverty of speech - ✔✔Alogia
✔✔What is the term for a disturbance in higher-level cognitive functioning, specifically in
movement - ✔✔Apraxia
✔✔This is a pattern of speech that is characterized by an excessive and unnecessary
amount of detail in an attempt to explain themselves or answer a question -
✔✔Circumstantial speech
✔✔What is the term for words chosen based on rhyming, not purpose or meaning? -
✔✔Clang association
✔✔This is a term to describe a false belief - ✔✔Delusion
,✔✔What is a term that describes feeling detached, as if the person is an outside
observer of one's own body and movements? - ✔✔Depersonalization
✔✔This is a term that describes feeling detached as if an outside observer to the rest of
the world - ✔✔Derealization
✔✔The term for a patient repeating back exactly what was said to them - ✔✔Echolalia
✔✔The term for a patient moving in mirror to the person in front of them -
✔✔Echopraxia
✔✔This is a speech pattern where the person jumps from topic to topic, sometimes
within the same sentence - ✔✔Flight of ideas
✔✔This describes a false sensation from one of 5 senses - ✔✔Hallucinations
✔✔This is a misperception that something is real - ✔✔Illusion
✔✔This describes a speech pattern where there is limited connection between topics -
✔✔Loose associations
✔✔This is the term for made-up words that exemplify the private, usually delusional,
world the patient is living in - ✔✔Neologisms
✔✔Involuntary, singular preoccupation with a specific thought or concern -
✔✔Perseveration
✔✔Term to describe a train of thought that a person changes logically from topic to
topic, but the individual never returns to the initial topic of the conversation -
✔✔Tangential
✔✔This is a delay or sudden stop in thought processing and speech; it is not caused by
lack of concentration; common in schizophrenia - ✔✔Thought-blocking
✔✔A term to describe words that have no relation to each other or gibberish - ✔✔Word
salad
✔✔This is performed in a surgical suite, under anesthesia and conducted by a trained
physician to treat severe depression or some other psychiatric disorders -
✔✔Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
✔✔How often and for how long is ECT typically performed? - ✔✔2-3 times per week for
6-12 treatments
,✔✔This treatment is typically performed daily for 4-6 weeks for treatment-resistant
depression - ✔✔Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
✔✔What patient population is FDA-approved for therapeutic use of vagal nerve
stimulation? - ✔✔Patients > 12 years of age with drug-resistant epilepsy and depression
✔✔What part of the brain receives, perceives and interprets information from muscles
and joints about body positions and movements, coordination and regulation of
balance? - ✔✔Cerebellum
✔✔This part of the brain is involved in autonomic body functions such as breathing,
sweating, swallowing, blood pressure control, balance and reflexes - ✔✔Brain stem
✔✔This system is the area of the brain associated with emotional, behavioral and
memory responses - ✔✔The Limbic System
✔✔Name the 4 components of the limbic system - ✔✔1. Hypothalamus
2. Thalamus
3. Amygdala
4. Hippocampus
✔✔This area of the brain contains the 4 lobes, all of which enable thinking, perceiving,
interpreting input, and producing and understanding language - ✔✔Cerebrum
✔✔This area is involved with executive functioning, intelligence and personality -
✔✔Frontal lobe
✔✔This is the middle area of the brain involved in reading, speech language and math
skills - ✔✔Parietal lobe
✔✔This area of the brain is also known as the neocortex and is involved in hearing,
auditory perception, and processing written and spoken language - ✔✔Temporal lobe
✔✔This area of the brain is known as the visual center that interprets color and
processes visual information - ✔✔Occipital lobe
✔✔Intellect peaks at ____ years of age and plateaus between ages _______ - ✔✔30;
50-60
✔✔These are the chemical messengers of the brain that can either excite or inhibit
receptors - ✔✔Neurotransmitters
, ✔✔This neurotransmitter balances norepinephrine and dopamine and is involved in
arousal, memory, muscle activation and movement, learning and sleep-wake cycles -
✔✔Acetylcholine
✔✔Name the 6 signs/symptoms of increased level of acetylcholine - ✔✔1. Cramping
2. Salivation
3. Lacrimation
4. Muscle weakness
5. Diarrhea
6. Blurry vision
✔✔Name the 7 functions of dopamine - ✔✔1. Fine motor movement
2. Pleasure and reward sensations
3. Decision-making
4. Motivation
5. Integration of thoughts and emotions
6. Hypothalamic activity
7. Stimulation of heart and increase blood flow to organs
✔✔This neurotransmitter is associated with the fight or flight response and feel good
response to exercise - ✔✔Norepinephrine
✔✔Increased levels of this neurotransmitter are associated with agitation, anxiety &
sexual dysfunction. - ✔✔Serotonin
✔✔This neurotransmitter plays a calming role in brain activity and modulates glutamate
causing neuronal excitability - ✔✔GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)
✔✔This disorder is characterized by a rapid loss of cognitive function and is reversible
with treatment of the underlying cause - ✔✔Delirium
✔✔This disorder is characterized by a slow, progressive loss of cognitive function and is
irreversible but can be slowed with medication and cognitive enrichment - ✔✔Dementia
✔✔Name the 7 nursing interventions for delirium - ✔✔1. Maintain a safe environment
and reassure patient they are safe
2. Reorient the patient frequently
3. Keep the immediate environment calm and quiet
4. Eliminate any non-essential medications
5. If meds are indicated, small doses over a short time
6. Ensure pain management as pain can intensify cognitive deficits
7. Help with ADLs until the patient is able to do
✔✔Name the 7 chronic, gradual declining symptoms of dementia - ✔✔1. Judgement
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What term refers to a disturbance in higher level cognitive functioning: an impaired
ability to recognize familiar objects and faces? - ✔✔Agnosia
✔✔This term refers to a disturbance in higher level cognitive functioning that manifests
as poverty of speech - ✔✔Alogia
✔✔What is the term for a disturbance in higher-level cognitive functioning, specifically in
movement - ✔✔Apraxia
✔✔This is a pattern of speech that is characterized by an excessive and unnecessary
amount of detail in an attempt to explain themselves or answer a question -
✔✔Circumstantial speech
✔✔What is the term for words chosen based on rhyming, not purpose or meaning? -
✔✔Clang association
✔✔This is a term to describe a false belief - ✔✔Delusion
,✔✔What is a term that describes feeling detached, as if the person is an outside
observer of one's own body and movements? - ✔✔Depersonalization
✔✔This is a term that describes feeling detached as if an outside observer to the rest of
the world - ✔✔Derealization
✔✔The term for a patient repeating back exactly what was said to them - ✔✔Echolalia
✔✔The term for a patient moving in mirror to the person in front of them -
✔✔Echopraxia
✔✔This is a speech pattern where the person jumps from topic to topic, sometimes
within the same sentence - ✔✔Flight of ideas
✔✔This describes a false sensation from one of 5 senses - ✔✔Hallucinations
✔✔This is a misperception that something is real - ✔✔Illusion
✔✔This describes a speech pattern where there is limited connection between topics -
✔✔Loose associations
✔✔This is the term for made-up words that exemplify the private, usually delusional,
world the patient is living in - ✔✔Neologisms
✔✔Involuntary, singular preoccupation with a specific thought or concern -
✔✔Perseveration
✔✔Term to describe a train of thought that a person changes logically from topic to
topic, but the individual never returns to the initial topic of the conversation -
✔✔Tangential
✔✔This is a delay or sudden stop in thought processing and speech; it is not caused by
lack of concentration; common in schizophrenia - ✔✔Thought-blocking
✔✔A term to describe words that have no relation to each other or gibberish - ✔✔Word
salad
✔✔This is performed in a surgical suite, under anesthesia and conducted by a trained
physician to treat severe depression or some other psychiatric disorders -
✔✔Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
✔✔How often and for how long is ECT typically performed? - ✔✔2-3 times per week for
6-12 treatments
,✔✔This treatment is typically performed daily for 4-6 weeks for treatment-resistant
depression - ✔✔Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
✔✔What patient population is FDA-approved for therapeutic use of vagal nerve
stimulation? - ✔✔Patients > 12 years of age with drug-resistant epilepsy and depression
✔✔What part of the brain receives, perceives and interprets information from muscles
and joints about body positions and movements, coordination and regulation of
balance? - ✔✔Cerebellum
✔✔This part of the brain is involved in autonomic body functions such as breathing,
sweating, swallowing, blood pressure control, balance and reflexes - ✔✔Brain stem
✔✔This system is the area of the brain associated with emotional, behavioral and
memory responses - ✔✔The Limbic System
✔✔Name the 4 components of the limbic system - ✔✔1. Hypothalamus
2. Thalamus
3. Amygdala
4. Hippocampus
✔✔This area of the brain contains the 4 lobes, all of which enable thinking, perceiving,
interpreting input, and producing and understanding language - ✔✔Cerebrum
✔✔This area is involved with executive functioning, intelligence and personality -
✔✔Frontal lobe
✔✔This is the middle area of the brain involved in reading, speech language and math
skills - ✔✔Parietal lobe
✔✔This area of the brain is also known as the neocortex and is involved in hearing,
auditory perception, and processing written and spoken language - ✔✔Temporal lobe
✔✔This area of the brain is known as the visual center that interprets color and
processes visual information - ✔✔Occipital lobe
✔✔Intellect peaks at ____ years of age and plateaus between ages _______ - ✔✔30;
50-60
✔✔These are the chemical messengers of the brain that can either excite or inhibit
receptors - ✔✔Neurotransmitters
, ✔✔This neurotransmitter balances norepinephrine and dopamine and is involved in
arousal, memory, muscle activation and movement, learning and sleep-wake cycles -
✔✔Acetylcholine
✔✔Name the 6 signs/symptoms of increased level of acetylcholine - ✔✔1. Cramping
2. Salivation
3. Lacrimation
4. Muscle weakness
5. Diarrhea
6. Blurry vision
✔✔Name the 7 functions of dopamine - ✔✔1. Fine motor movement
2. Pleasure and reward sensations
3. Decision-making
4. Motivation
5. Integration of thoughts and emotions
6. Hypothalamic activity
7. Stimulation of heart and increase blood flow to organs
✔✔This neurotransmitter is associated with the fight or flight response and feel good
response to exercise - ✔✔Norepinephrine
✔✔Increased levels of this neurotransmitter are associated with agitation, anxiety &
sexual dysfunction. - ✔✔Serotonin
✔✔This neurotransmitter plays a calming role in brain activity and modulates glutamate
causing neuronal excitability - ✔✔GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)
✔✔This disorder is characterized by a rapid loss of cognitive function and is reversible
with treatment of the underlying cause - ✔✔Delirium
✔✔This disorder is characterized by a slow, progressive loss of cognitive function and is
irreversible but can be slowed with medication and cognitive enrichment - ✔✔Dementia
✔✔Name the 7 nursing interventions for delirium - ✔✔1. Maintain a safe environment
and reassure patient they are safe
2. Reorient the patient frequently
3. Keep the immediate environment calm and quiet
4. Eliminate any non-essential medications
5. If meds are indicated, small doses over a short time
6. Ensure pain management as pain can intensify cognitive deficits
7. Help with ADLs until the patient is able to do
✔✔Name the 7 chronic, gradual declining symptoms of dementia - ✔✔1. Judgement
