BIO 305 UPDATED STUDY EXAMS GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔more - ✔✔CO₂ is ___ soluble than O₂ in blood, but can't be carried in dissolved form
and is carried by hemoglobin
✔✔bicarbonate - ✔✔most CO₂ in the body is found in ______
✔✔increase - ✔✔if you increase CO₂, you ___(increase/decrease)___ protons
✔✔acidosis - ✔✔respiratory _____: when alveolar ventilation is low, CO₂ is not
eliminated and H+ accumulates
✔✔alkylosis - ✔✔respiratory _____: when alveolar ventilation is high, excess CO₂ is
eliminated and H+ is lost
✔✔decreases - ✔✔when CO₂ transport is low, pH __(increases/decreases)__
✔✔increases - ✔✔when CO₂ transport is high, pH __(increases/decreases)__
✔✔CPG (central pattern generator) - ✔✔-in brainstem
-controls unconscious breathing rhythm
-drives inhalation and sets respiratory rhythms
, ✔✔chemosensors - ✔✔-detect CO₂ and O₂
-peripheral and central
✔✔peripheral - ✔✔______ chemosensors are found in major arteries (interact with
newly oxygenated blood)
✔✔central - ✔✔______ chemosensors are found in the medulla in the brain
✔✔digestion - ✔✔chemical breakdown of food in GI tract
✔✔absorption - ✔✔nutrient uptake into the body
✔✔feeding - ✔✔endocrine control of food intake
✔✔nutrition - ✔✔-nutrient intake of food must not only provide energy, but also replace
components lost due to breakdown
-components: proteins, lipids, carbs, minerals & vitamins
✔✔complex - ✔✔_____ carbohydrates = starch + glycogen
*starch = plant-based
glycogen = animal-based
✔✔lipids - ✔✔cholesterol, phospholipids (triglycerides)
✔✔villi - ✔✔_____ and micro_____ (both blanks are the same) extend from the GI wall
✔✔microvilli - ✔✔tiny villi on the surface of the villi
✔✔exocrine - ✔✔secretion to the outside of the body
✔✔secretion - ✔✔-add liquids for food to move (water and other components from
ducts)
-pancreas and biliary system
-common duct
✔✔common duct - ✔✔enters small intestine after stomach
✔✔motility - ✔✔-smooth muscle contractions process the mix and move it along the
length of the GI tract
-peristalsis
-segmentation
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔more - ✔✔CO₂ is ___ soluble than O₂ in blood, but can't be carried in dissolved form
and is carried by hemoglobin
✔✔bicarbonate - ✔✔most CO₂ in the body is found in ______
✔✔increase - ✔✔if you increase CO₂, you ___(increase/decrease)___ protons
✔✔acidosis - ✔✔respiratory _____: when alveolar ventilation is low, CO₂ is not
eliminated and H+ accumulates
✔✔alkylosis - ✔✔respiratory _____: when alveolar ventilation is high, excess CO₂ is
eliminated and H+ is lost
✔✔decreases - ✔✔when CO₂ transport is low, pH __(increases/decreases)__
✔✔increases - ✔✔when CO₂ transport is high, pH __(increases/decreases)__
✔✔CPG (central pattern generator) - ✔✔-in brainstem
-controls unconscious breathing rhythm
-drives inhalation and sets respiratory rhythms
, ✔✔chemosensors - ✔✔-detect CO₂ and O₂
-peripheral and central
✔✔peripheral - ✔✔______ chemosensors are found in major arteries (interact with
newly oxygenated blood)
✔✔central - ✔✔______ chemosensors are found in the medulla in the brain
✔✔digestion - ✔✔chemical breakdown of food in GI tract
✔✔absorption - ✔✔nutrient uptake into the body
✔✔feeding - ✔✔endocrine control of food intake
✔✔nutrition - ✔✔-nutrient intake of food must not only provide energy, but also replace
components lost due to breakdown
-components: proteins, lipids, carbs, minerals & vitamins
✔✔complex - ✔✔_____ carbohydrates = starch + glycogen
*starch = plant-based
glycogen = animal-based
✔✔lipids - ✔✔cholesterol, phospholipids (triglycerides)
✔✔villi - ✔✔_____ and micro_____ (both blanks are the same) extend from the GI wall
✔✔microvilli - ✔✔tiny villi on the surface of the villi
✔✔exocrine - ✔✔secretion to the outside of the body
✔✔secretion - ✔✔-add liquids for food to move (water and other components from
ducts)
-pancreas and biliary system
-common duct
✔✔common duct - ✔✔enters small intestine after stomach
✔✔motility - ✔✔-smooth muscle contractions process the mix and move it along the
length of the GI tract
-peristalsis
-segmentation
