ISSA Final Exam 2025/2026 –
Complete Exam with Verified
Questions & 100% Correct Answers
1. The human body consists of?
Answer: chemicals, cells, tissues
Rationale: The body is organized hierarchically: chemicals form
cells, cells form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs form
systems.
2. The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the _______ system.
Answer: circulatory
Rationale: The circulatory system (cardiovascular system)
transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients via the heart and blood
vessels.
3. The human adult skeleton has how many bones?
Answer: 206
Rationale: Although infants have ~270 bones, many fuse during
growth, leaving 206 bones in a typical adult skeleton.
,4. True/False: There are 80 bones in the Axial Skeleton.
Answer: True
Rationale: The axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, rib cage)
contains 80 bones; the appendicular skeleton has 126.
5. This type of joint permits a wide range of movement in
ONE plane.
Answer: Hinge Joint
Rationale: Hinge joints (e.g., elbow, knee) allow flexion/extension
in one plane. Ball-and-socket joints allow multi-plane movement.
6. Tendons connect bone to bone?
Answer: False
Rationale: Tendons connect muscle to bone. Ligaments connect
bone to bone.
7. What are extensions of muscle fibers that connect muscle
to bone?
,Answer: Tendons
Rationale: Tendons are dense connective tissue that transmit
force from muscle contraction to bone.
8. The points of muscle attachment are known as the?
Answer: insertion and origin
Rationale: Origin is the proximal, usually fixed attachment;
insertion is the distal, movable attachment.
9. True/False: The origin is the distal attachment of a muscle.
Answer: False
Rationale: Origin is typically the proximal attachment; insertion is
distal.
10. Which sense organs measure strain in a muscle and can
pre-set muscle tension?
Answer: Muscle spindles
Rationale: Muscle spindles detect stretch and initiate reflexive
contraction to maintain length and tension.
, 11. Myofibrils are constructed of overlapping strands of
protein polymers called?
Answer: actin and myosin
Rationale: Actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments) slide
during contraction (sliding filament theory).
12. True/False: Type 1 muscle fibers are aerobic.
Answer: True
Rationale: Type I (slow-twitch) fibers have high mitochondrial
density and rely on oxidative metabolism.
13. The hamstrings are a two-joint muscle that act on the
knee and the hip. (T/F)
Answer: True
Rationale: The hamstrings cross both the hip (extension) and
knee (flexion) joints.
14. What is the term for blood circulation within the heart
and lungs?
Complete Exam with Verified
Questions & 100% Correct Answers
1. The human body consists of?
Answer: chemicals, cells, tissues
Rationale: The body is organized hierarchically: chemicals form
cells, cells form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs form
systems.
2. The heart, arteries, and veins are part of the _______ system.
Answer: circulatory
Rationale: The circulatory system (cardiovascular system)
transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients via the heart and blood
vessels.
3. The human adult skeleton has how many bones?
Answer: 206
Rationale: Although infants have ~270 bones, many fuse during
growth, leaving 206 bones in a typical adult skeleton.
,4. True/False: There are 80 bones in the Axial Skeleton.
Answer: True
Rationale: The axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, rib cage)
contains 80 bones; the appendicular skeleton has 126.
5. This type of joint permits a wide range of movement in
ONE plane.
Answer: Hinge Joint
Rationale: Hinge joints (e.g., elbow, knee) allow flexion/extension
in one plane. Ball-and-socket joints allow multi-plane movement.
6. Tendons connect bone to bone?
Answer: False
Rationale: Tendons connect muscle to bone. Ligaments connect
bone to bone.
7. What are extensions of muscle fibers that connect muscle
to bone?
,Answer: Tendons
Rationale: Tendons are dense connective tissue that transmit
force from muscle contraction to bone.
8. The points of muscle attachment are known as the?
Answer: insertion and origin
Rationale: Origin is the proximal, usually fixed attachment;
insertion is the distal, movable attachment.
9. True/False: The origin is the distal attachment of a muscle.
Answer: False
Rationale: Origin is typically the proximal attachment; insertion is
distal.
10. Which sense organs measure strain in a muscle and can
pre-set muscle tension?
Answer: Muscle spindles
Rationale: Muscle spindles detect stretch and initiate reflexive
contraction to maintain length and tension.
, 11. Myofibrils are constructed of overlapping strands of
protein polymers called?
Answer: actin and myosin
Rationale: Actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments) slide
during contraction (sliding filament theory).
12. True/False: Type 1 muscle fibers are aerobic.
Answer: True
Rationale: Type I (slow-twitch) fibers have high mitochondrial
density and rely on oxidative metabolism.
13. The hamstrings are a two-joint muscle that act on the
knee and the hip. (T/F)
Answer: True
Rationale: The hamstrings cross both the hip (extension) and
knee (flexion) joints.
14. What is the term for blood circulation within the heart
and lungs?
