Herzing University HESI Fundamentals Exam 1 2026 Practice Questions &
Verified Answers Nursing Fundamentals Review.
Questions 1–170 (Abbreviated format for space, but fully detailed)
1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
demonstrates proper sterile technique?
A. Opening the sterile kit and placing the catheter on the sterile field before hand
hygiene
B. Using sterile gloves and opening inner packaging without contaminating
contents
C. Cleaning the meatus with the same cotton ball twice
D. Placing the drainage bag above the level of the bladder
Answer: B
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain asepsis; opening inner packaging correctly
prevents contamination. A – hand hygiene first. C – each cotton ball used once. D
– bag must be below bladder.
2. A patient with an NG tube reports nausea and abdominal distention. What
should the nurse do first?
A. Irrigate the tube
,B. Check tube placement and residual
C. Remove the tube immediately
D. Increase suction pressure
Answer: B
Rationale: Check placement and residual to ensure proper function and prevent
aspiration/overdistention.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient’s peripheral IV site. Which finding requires
immediate action?
A. Slight redness at insertion site
B. Edema and coolness around site
C. Small amount of dried blood on dressing
D. Patient reports mild discomfort
Answer: B
Rationale: Edema and coolness indicate infiltration. IV should be removed.
4. A nurse is teaching a patient about fall prevention. Which statement indicates
understanding?
,A. “I’ll keep my room dark at night to save energy.”
B. “I’ll wear socks without grips to slide easily.”
C. “I’ll call for help before getting up.”
D. “I’ll leave my IV pole in the hall.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Calling for help reduces fall risk. Dark rooms, slippery socks, and
obstacles increase fall risk.
5. A nurse is administering a subcutaneous heparin injection. Which site is most
appropriate?
A. Deltoid
B. Ventrogluteal
C. Abdomen
D. Dorsogluteal
Answer: C
Rationale: Abdomen is preferred for heparin due to consistent absorption and
less risk of hematoma.
, 6. A patient with a new colostomy asks, “When will my stool become more
formed?” The nurse responds:
A. “Within 24 hours.”
B. “After 2–3 days.”
C. “Once you resume a regular diet.”
D. “It will always be liquid.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Formed stool returns with regular diet, usually several days to weeks
post-op.
7. Which finding in a patient with a Foley catheter suggests a urinary tract
infection?
A. Clear, pale yellow urine
B. Cloudy urine with foul odor
C. Urine output 50 mL/hr
D. Patient denies dysuria
Answer: B
Verified Answers Nursing Fundamentals Review.
Questions 1–170 (Abbreviated format for space, but fully detailed)
1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
demonstrates proper sterile technique?
A. Opening the sterile kit and placing the catheter on the sterile field before hand
hygiene
B. Using sterile gloves and opening inner packaging without contaminating
contents
C. Cleaning the meatus with the same cotton ball twice
D. Placing the drainage bag above the level of the bladder
Answer: B
Rationale: Sterile gloves maintain asepsis; opening inner packaging correctly
prevents contamination. A – hand hygiene first. C – each cotton ball used once. D
– bag must be below bladder.
2. A patient with an NG tube reports nausea and abdominal distention. What
should the nurse do first?
A. Irrigate the tube
,B. Check tube placement and residual
C. Remove the tube immediately
D. Increase suction pressure
Answer: B
Rationale: Check placement and residual to ensure proper function and prevent
aspiration/overdistention.
3. A nurse is assessing a patient’s peripheral IV site. Which finding requires
immediate action?
A. Slight redness at insertion site
B. Edema and coolness around site
C. Small amount of dried blood on dressing
D. Patient reports mild discomfort
Answer: B
Rationale: Edema and coolness indicate infiltration. IV should be removed.
4. A nurse is teaching a patient about fall prevention. Which statement indicates
understanding?
,A. “I’ll keep my room dark at night to save energy.”
B. “I’ll wear socks without grips to slide easily.”
C. “I’ll call for help before getting up.”
D. “I’ll leave my IV pole in the hall.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Calling for help reduces fall risk. Dark rooms, slippery socks, and
obstacles increase fall risk.
5. A nurse is administering a subcutaneous heparin injection. Which site is most
appropriate?
A. Deltoid
B. Ventrogluteal
C. Abdomen
D. Dorsogluteal
Answer: C
Rationale: Abdomen is preferred for heparin due to consistent absorption and
less risk of hematoma.
, 6. A patient with a new colostomy asks, “When will my stool become more
formed?” The nurse responds:
A. “Within 24 hours.”
B. “After 2–3 days.”
C. “Once you resume a regular diet.”
D. “It will always be liquid.”
Answer: C
Rationale: Formed stool returns with regular diet, usually several days to weeks
post-op.
7. Which finding in a patient with a Foley catheter suggests a urinary tract
infection?
A. Clear, pale yellow urine
B. Cloudy urine with foul odor
C. Urine output 50 mL/hr
D. Patient denies dysuria
Answer: B
