CPCE Career Development Exam with
Complete Solutions
5 influential career theories of today - ANS-1) Donald Super
2) John Holland
3) Linda Gottfredson
4) John Krumboltz
5) Mark Savickas
Actuarial theory - ANS-Structure of individual - needs, traits, interests - examples: trait-
factor and needs based
Developmental career theory - ANS-career development as occurring over time, usually
through stages - example: self-concept and need
Donald Super - ANS-Developmental approach to career - labeled himself as differential
developmental social phenomenological psychologist -
Developmental approach to careers - ANS-Donald Super - characterized as life span,
life space
Vocational Preference Inventory & Self-Directed Search - ANS-John Holland
RIASEC Theory - ANS-John Holland - hexagon to explain
Linda Gottfredson - ANS-1980s - Circumscription (narrow down selection) and
Compromise (opt out of unavailable or inappropriate occupations)
4 stages - individual development - ANS-1) Orientation to size and power (3-5)
2) Orientation to sex roles (6-8)
3) Orientation to social valuation (9-13)
4) Orientation to internal unique self (14+)
John Krumboltz - ANS-LTCC - Learning theory of career Counseling - he used
Bandura's social learning theory to identify the principal concepts.
Zone of acceptable alternatives - ANS-occupations within range are consistent with the
individuals self concept
, LTCC - Career Development and decision making involve - ANS-1) Genetic
endowments and special abilities
2) environmental conditions and events
3) Instrumental and associative learning experience
4) Task approach skills
The Career Beliefs Inventory - ANS-Krumboltz - used to identify clients' mental barriers.
Unplanned Happenstance - ANS-Krumboltz - Unplanned and chance events that might
influence individuals' career development
Ginzberg, ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma - ANS-1951 - believed occupational choice
progresed through 3 periods
1) fantasy (birth-11)
2) tentative (11-17)
3) realistic (17+)
Ann roe - ANS-Needs Approach - believed genetic factors, environmental experiences
and parent-child relations influenced the needs structure each child developed
Needs - ANS-roe believed that careers were chosen to meet _____.
Roe - ANS-Field-by-level classification of occupations (6 levels and 8 fields)
Reardon, Lenz, Sampson & Peterson - ANS-Cognitive information processing (CIP)
Social Cognitive Theory - ANS-Bandura
Constructivism & contextualism - ANS-Constructivist approach - suggests that
individuals construct their own reality or truth
Contextualism - implies that career development is a constant interplay
Goal for career counselor - ANS-encourage client to make meaning of his or her
situation.
Mark Savickas - ANS-Postmodern career counseling approach based on career
construction theory
H.B. Gelatt - ANS-focuses on decision making process (5 steps)
1) recognize need to make a decision
2) Collect data and look at courses of action
3) Besides looking at courses of action, examine potential outcomes and their
probability
4) Attend to your value system
5) Evaluate and make a decision (choose)
Complete Solutions
5 influential career theories of today - ANS-1) Donald Super
2) John Holland
3) Linda Gottfredson
4) John Krumboltz
5) Mark Savickas
Actuarial theory - ANS-Structure of individual - needs, traits, interests - examples: trait-
factor and needs based
Developmental career theory - ANS-career development as occurring over time, usually
through stages - example: self-concept and need
Donald Super - ANS-Developmental approach to career - labeled himself as differential
developmental social phenomenological psychologist -
Developmental approach to careers - ANS-Donald Super - characterized as life span,
life space
Vocational Preference Inventory & Self-Directed Search - ANS-John Holland
RIASEC Theory - ANS-John Holland - hexagon to explain
Linda Gottfredson - ANS-1980s - Circumscription (narrow down selection) and
Compromise (opt out of unavailable or inappropriate occupations)
4 stages - individual development - ANS-1) Orientation to size and power (3-5)
2) Orientation to sex roles (6-8)
3) Orientation to social valuation (9-13)
4) Orientation to internal unique self (14+)
John Krumboltz - ANS-LTCC - Learning theory of career Counseling - he used
Bandura's social learning theory to identify the principal concepts.
Zone of acceptable alternatives - ANS-occupations within range are consistent with the
individuals self concept
, LTCC - Career Development and decision making involve - ANS-1) Genetic
endowments and special abilities
2) environmental conditions and events
3) Instrumental and associative learning experience
4) Task approach skills
The Career Beliefs Inventory - ANS-Krumboltz - used to identify clients' mental barriers.
Unplanned Happenstance - ANS-Krumboltz - Unplanned and chance events that might
influence individuals' career development
Ginzberg, ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma - ANS-1951 - believed occupational choice
progresed through 3 periods
1) fantasy (birth-11)
2) tentative (11-17)
3) realistic (17+)
Ann roe - ANS-Needs Approach - believed genetic factors, environmental experiences
and parent-child relations influenced the needs structure each child developed
Needs - ANS-roe believed that careers were chosen to meet _____.
Roe - ANS-Field-by-level classification of occupations (6 levels and 8 fields)
Reardon, Lenz, Sampson & Peterson - ANS-Cognitive information processing (CIP)
Social Cognitive Theory - ANS-Bandura
Constructivism & contextualism - ANS-Constructivist approach - suggests that
individuals construct their own reality or truth
Contextualism - implies that career development is a constant interplay
Goal for career counselor - ANS-encourage client to make meaning of his or her
situation.
Mark Savickas - ANS-Postmodern career counseling approach based on career
construction theory
H.B. Gelatt - ANS-focuses on decision making process (5 steps)
1) recognize need to make a decision
2) Collect data and look at courses of action
3) Besides looking at courses of action, examine potential outcomes and their
probability
4) Attend to your value system
5) Evaluate and make a decision (choose)
