BIOD 351 Pharmacology | Module 7 Exam - Respiratory & Analgesic
Drugs 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. Which of the following is classified as a Short-Acting Beta2-Agonist (SABA)
used for acute asthma attacks?
A. Albuterol
B. Salmeterol
C. Tiotropium
D. Fluticasone
Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol is a SABA used as a ‘rescue’ medication for rapid bronchodilation
during acute bronchospasm.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory
Drugs (NSAIDs)?
A. Binding to mu-opioid receptors
B. Antagonism of H1 histamine receptors
C. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes
D. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs work by inhibiting COX enzymes, which prevents the conversion of
arachidonic acid into pro-inflammatory prostaglandins.
,3. Which medication is the preferred reversal agent for opioid-induced
respiratory depression?
A. Naloxone
B. Acetylcysteine
C. Flumazenil
D. Atropine
Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that competitively binds to opioid receptors to
reverse the effects of opioid overdose.
4. To prevent oral candidiasis (thrush) after using an Inhaled Corticosteroid
(ICS), patients should be instructed to:
A. Take the medication with food
B. Rinse their mouth with water after use
C. Use a spacer only once a week
D. Avoid drinking water for one hour
Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth helps remove residual steroid particles from the oral
mucosa, reducing the risk of fungal overgrowth.
5. Tiotropium (Spiriva) belongs to which class of respiratory medications?
A. Methylxanthine
B. Long-Acting Beta2-Agonist (LABA)
C. Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist (LAMA)
D. Mast Cell Stabilizer
Answer: C
Rationale: Tiotropium is a LAMA used for the maintenance treatment of COPD and asthma.
, 6. Which side effect is uniquely associated with long-term systemic
corticosteroid therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Tinnitus
C. Bradypnea
D. Cushingoid appearance (moon face)
Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term systemic steroids can lead to Cushing’s syndrome symptoms,
including fat redistribution like a moon face and buffalo hump.
7. Salmeterol carries a black box warning stating it should never be used as:
A. A combination therapy with ICS
B. An oral tablet
C. A treatment for COPD
D. Monotherapy for asthma
Answer: D
Rationale: LABAs like Salmeterol increase the risk of asthma-related death if used without
an Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) in asthma patients.
8. Which of the following is a COX-2 selective inhibitor designed to reduce GI
side effects?
A. Celecoxib
B. Ibuprofen
C. Naproxen
D. Aspirin
Answer: A
Rationale: Celecoxib selectively inhibits COX-2, which is responsible for inflammation,
sparing the COX-1 enzyme that protects the stomach lining.
Drugs 2026/2027 UPDATE
1. Which of the following is classified as a Short-Acting Beta2-Agonist (SABA)
used for acute asthma attacks?
A. Albuterol
B. Salmeterol
C. Tiotropium
D. Fluticasone
Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol is a SABA used as a ‘rescue’ medication for rapid bronchodilation
during acute bronchospasm.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory
Drugs (NSAIDs)?
A. Binding to mu-opioid receptors
B. Antagonism of H1 histamine receptors
C. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes
D. Inhibition of leukotriene synthesis
Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs work by inhibiting COX enzymes, which prevents the conversion of
arachidonic acid into pro-inflammatory prostaglandins.
,3. Which medication is the preferred reversal agent for opioid-induced
respiratory depression?
A. Naloxone
B. Acetylcysteine
C. Flumazenil
D. Atropine
Answer: A
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that competitively binds to opioid receptors to
reverse the effects of opioid overdose.
4. To prevent oral candidiasis (thrush) after using an Inhaled Corticosteroid
(ICS), patients should be instructed to:
A. Take the medication with food
B. Rinse their mouth with water after use
C. Use a spacer only once a week
D. Avoid drinking water for one hour
Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth helps remove residual steroid particles from the oral
mucosa, reducing the risk of fungal overgrowth.
5. Tiotropium (Spiriva) belongs to which class of respiratory medications?
A. Methylxanthine
B. Long-Acting Beta2-Agonist (LABA)
C. Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonist (LAMA)
D. Mast Cell Stabilizer
Answer: C
Rationale: Tiotropium is a LAMA used for the maintenance treatment of COPD and asthma.
, 6. Which side effect is uniquely associated with long-term systemic
corticosteroid therapy?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Tinnitus
C. Bradypnea
D. Cushingoid appearance (moon face)
Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term systemic steroids can lead to Cushing’s syndrome symptoms,
including fat redistribution like a moon face and buffalo hump.
7. Salmeterol carries a black box warning stating it should never be used as:
A. A combination therapy with ICS
B. An oral tablet
C. A treatment for COPD
D. Monotherapy for asthma
Answer: D
Rationale: LABAs like Salmeterol increase the risk of asthma-related death if used without
an Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) in asthma patients.
8. Which of the following is a COX-2 selective inhibitor designed to reduce GI
side effects?
A. Celecoxib
B. Ibuprofen
C. Naproxen
D. Aspirin
Answer: A
Rationale: Celecoxib selectively inhibits COX-2, which is responsible for inflammation,
sparing the COX-1 enzyme that protects the stomach lining.
