FST Final Exam – Food Folklore and Health (Comprehensive Study Guide, Review & Practice
Questions)
Brief History of Food - ✔✔Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Middle ages
3000 BC Mesopotamia - ✔✔-Cultivation of grain crops
-Barley Beer (fermentation)
4000 BC Egypt - ✔✔-Beer (Fermentation)
-Yeast Breads
Greece - ✔✔´Propagation of plants
´Made juices from plants (Wine was the drink of choice)
´ Middle Ages - ✔✔Manners and Haute Cuisine developed
Rich People Food... - ✔✔´Drank Ale or Wine ´Ate Wheat ´Wheat tasted better ´Meat in their
diet ´Used Spices and salt
Poor People Food... - ✔✔´Drank Ale of wine ´Ate Barley ´Barley bread, pancakes, soups etc
´Carrots, Cabbages. Onions, Garlic
Poor people vs Rich people foods - ✔✔Poor - diet is more affordable, can be grown, more
veggies
Modern day poor people vs. rich people foods - ✔✔In America, poor people consume
processed foods: (+)fats, (+) sugar vs. rich people consume fresh foods
,Bronze and Iron Age (food customs/table manners) - ✔✔´People cooked soups in pots
food customs - ✔✔dipped wooden spoons or bone into the cooking pot to eat
rules about who can dip into pot first
many of these customs survive.
Regional Manners Develop: Eat certain ways in different cultures. - ✔✔Romans and Greeks ate
while lying on their sides on couches, with their heads pointed towards the table.
Characteristics of Early European Table - ✔✔- Boards were laid across trestles and covered
with cloth
- No individual plates, only large serving platters
- two people shared a soup bowl and used squares of stale bread as plates
- no chairs
trenchers - ✔✔Edible bread plates (present day panera bowls)
Treatise: Etiquette and Manners "On Civility in Children" - ✔✔on the moral and practical
education of children
Rules part of the Treatise - ✔✔- Do not blow your nose or spit at dinner table
- Do not share soup bowls, knives, spoons (No forks at the time)
- Do not put chewed bones back on your plate
throw the bones to the dogs
The big change after Eramus (Dutch) 1530 - ✔✔The Renaissance and the Fork
,Spices and salt is very expensive. Originated from - ✔✔Dutch and British
Renaissance Era (1400-1600) - ✔✔A tradition of haute cuisine and elaborate table manners
developed to distinguish the social elite during the Renaissance
Who introduced the fork? - ✔✔Italy and Venice
Specific manner changes in renaissance period - ✔✔- Diners had their own cup
- Shared plates
- Bones were no longer thrown on the floor
* Manners were moving toward cleanliness and order
Who is the first person in Europe to offer guests a place setting with forks, knives, and spoons -
✔✔King Louis XIV
King Louis XIV ordered all table to have ______ - ✔✔rounded ends
Culturally food became a defining symbol and a _______________ - ✔✔national identity
Native Americans Culinary History/ Own food and a culture - ✔✔´ Succotash (stew made of
lima beans, corn, meat, and bear fat).
´ Roasted or boiled corn on the cob, popcorn, bean soup and squash soup
´ Squash, Beans, Pumpkins, Cotton, and Potatoes
originally, Banquets in Rome women were allowed to attend (wives, daughters, etc) - ✔✔false
, European colonists culinary history - ✔✔European tastes and food conventions were brought
to native americans.
´Dominated by British traditions well into the 19th Century
´Menu was dominated by meats and breads with very little use of fruits and green vegetable
How did American food began to distinguish itself from European and British Origins -
✔✔incorporation of native ingredients, such as corn, squash, and cranberries into menus
Four Major American Food Traditions - ✔✔1. New England Tradition
2. Southern Tradition
3. Middle Atlantic (Quaker) Tradition
4. Frontier/Backcountry Tradition
New England Tradition - ✔✔Associated plain cooking with religious piety:
Hostile toward fancy or highly seasoned foods and were regarded as a form of sensual
indulgence
Southern Tradition - ✔✔- Amalgam of Native American, African, English, French, Spanish and
Indian foods
- Utilizes lots of seasonings and emphasizes frying and simmering
Mid Atlantic (Quaker) Tradition - ✔✔´ Influenced by Quakerism
Diet was plain and simple
Frontier/Backcountry Tradition - ✔✔´ Frontier areas and Backcountry
Questions)
Brief History of Food - ✔✔Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Middle ages
3000 BC Mesopotamia - ✔✔-Cultivation of grain crops
-Barley Beer (fermentation)
4000 BC Egypt - ✔✔-Beer (Fermentation)
-Yeast Breads
Greece - ✔✔´Propagation of plants
´Made juices from plants (Wine was the drink of choice)
´ Middle Ages - ✔✔Manners and Haute Cuisine developed
Rich People Food... - ✔✔´Drank Ale or Wine ´Ate Wheat ´Wheat tasted better ´Meat in their
diet ´Used Spices and salt
Poor People Food... - ✔✔´Drank Ale of wine ´Ate Barley ´Barley bread, pancakes, soups etc
´Carrots, Cabbages. Onions, Garlic
Poor people vs Rich people foods - ✔✔Poor - diet is more affordable, can be grown, more
veggies
Modern day poor people vs. rich people foods - ✔✔In America, poor people consume
processed foods: (+)fats, (+) sugar vs. rich people consume fresh foods
,Bronze and Iron Age (food customs/table manners) - ✔✔´People cooked soups in pots
food customs - ✔✔dipped wooden spoons or bone into the cooking pot to eat
rules about who can dip into pot first
many of these customs survive.
Regional Manners Develop: Eat certain ways in different cultures. - ✔✔Romans and Greeks ate
while lying on their sides on couches, with their heads pointed towards the table.
Characteristics of Early European Table - ✔✔- Boards were laid across trestles and covered
with cloth
- No individual plates, only large serving platters
- two people shared a soup bowl and used squares of stale bread as plates
- no chairs
trenchers - ✔✔Edible bread plates (present day panera bowls)
Treatise: Etiquette and Manners "On Civility in Children" - ✔✔on the moral and practical
education of children
Rules part of the Treatise - ✔✔- Do not blow your nose or spit at dinner table
- Do not share soup bowls, knives, spoons (No forks at the time)
- Do not put chewed bones back on your plate
throw the bones to the dogs
The big change after Eramus (Dutch) 1530 - ✔✔The Renaissance and the Fork
,Spices and salt is very expensive. Originated from - ✔✔Dutch and British
Renaissance Era (1400-1600) - ✔✔A tradition of haute cuisine and elaborate table manners
developed to distinguish the social elite during the Renaissance
Who introduced the fork? - ✔✔Italy and Venice
Specific manner changes in renaissance period - ✔✔- Diners had their own cup
- Shared plates
- Bones were no longer thrown on the floor
* Manners were moving toward cleanliness and order
Who is the first person in Europe to offer guests a place setting with forks, knives, and spoons -
✔✔King Louis XIV
King Louis XIV ordered all table to have ______ - ✔✔rounded ends
Culturally food became a defining symbol and a _______________ - ✔✔national identity
Native Americans Culinary History/ Own food and a culture - ✔✔´ Succotash (stew made of
lima beans, corn, meat, and bear fat).
´ Roasted or boiled corn on the cob, popcorn, bean soup and squash soup
´ Squash, Beans, Pumpkins, Cotton, and Potatoes
originally, Banquets in Rome women were allowed to attend (wives, daughters, etc) - ✔✔false
, European colonists culinary history - ✔✔European tastes and food conventions were brought
to native americans.
´Dominated by British traditions well into the 19th Century
´Menu was dominated by meats and breads with very little use of fruits and green vegetable
How did American food began to distinguish itself from European and British Origins -
✔✔incorporation of native ingredients, such as corn, squash, and cranberries into menus
Four Major American Food Traditions - ✔✔1. New England Tradition
2. Southern Tradition
3. Middle Atlantic (Quaker) Tradition
4. Frontier/Backcountry Tradition
New England Tradition - ✔✔Associated plain cooking with religious piety:
Hostile toward fancy or highly seasoned foods and were regarded as a form of sensual
indulgence
Southern Tradition - ✔✔- Amalgam of Native American, African, English, French, Spanish and
Indian foods
- Utilizes lots of seasonings and emphasizes frying and simmering
Mid Atlantic (Quaker) Tradition - ✔✔´ Influenced by Quakerism
Diet was plain and simple
Frontier/Backcountry Tradition - ✔✔´ Frontier areas and Backcountry
