CALT EXAM PREP | COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, REVIEW
NOTES & TEST PREPARATION 2026
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,consonant blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air flow that
is constricted or obstructed
vowel open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
fluency reading with rapidity and automaticity with prosody
prosody the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language, rules we
communicate by
syntax sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography the spelling of written language
orthographic memory memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
, Heuristic means to discover by demonstration
grapheme a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine a word
blending fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem such as
awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly
depend on knowledge of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make words
fricative a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the teeth or
lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
aspiration puff of air
Norman Invasion 1066 A.D., had a great effect on English language, William the Conqueror, French
spoken by upper class brought words like furniture, painter, tailor, beef, pork,
mutton, Brought monks who added w and u, also the dot for the i and tail for the j.
Alphabet complete at 26 letters
Number words one to a thousand Anglo-Saxon
Most of the basic color words Anglo-Saxon
The names of farm, forest and ocean animals Anglo-Saxon
Outer body parts Anglo-Saxon
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, REVIEW
NOTES & TEST PREPARATION 2026
| GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,consonant blocked / voiced or unvoiced sounds - a class of speech sounds with air flow that
is constricted or obstructed
vowel open and voiced sounds - a class of open speech sounds produced by the
passage of air through an open vocal tract
phonology the rules that determine how sounds are used in spoken language
fluency reading with rapidity and automaticity with prosody
prosody the rhythmic flow of oral reading
pragmatics set of rules that dictate communicative behavior and use of language, rules we
communicate by
syntax sentence structure, grammar, usage
semantics content of language, used to express knowledge of the world around us -
meaning
phoneme smallest unit of sound in a syllable
spelling sound to symbol / phoneme to grapheme, connect grapheme to phoneme
orthography the spelling of written language
orthographic memory memory of letter patterns and word spellings
metalinguistics awareness of language as an entity
guided discovery a method of leading students to new learning through questioning
, Heuristic means to discover by demonstration
grapheme a letter or letter cluster that represents a single speech sound
decoding word recognition in which the phonetic code is broken down to determine a word
blending fusing individual sounds, syllables or words into meaningful units
reading symbol to sound / grapheme to phoneme
morpheme the smallest meaningful unit of language - a suffix, prefix, root or stem such as
awe, dis, in, inter, or word part such as cat, man. etc.
Knowledge of word meaning, rapid word recognition, and spelling ability greatly
depend on knowledge of word structure at the level of morphemes.
morphology the study of word formation patterns, meaningful units that make words
fricative a sound produced by forcing air through a narrow opening between the teeth or
lips / f / / sh / / z /
nasal sound a sound produced by forcing air out through th nose / n / / m /
continuant sound a sound prolonged in its production / m / / s / / f /
stop consonant sound a sound obstructed / they must be clipped off / b / / d /
aspiration puff of air
Norman Invasion 1066 A.D., had a great effect on English language, William the Conqueror, French
spoken by upper class brought words like furniture, painter, tailor, beef, pork,
mutton, Brought monks who added w and u, also the dot for the i and tail for the j.
Alphabet complete at 26 letters
Number words one to a thousand Anglo-Saxon
Most of the basic color words Anglo-Saxon
The names of farm, forest and ocean animals Anglo-Saxon
Outer body parts Anglo-Saxon
