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Samenvatting Data Science in Auditing | Nyenrode | 2025/26

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Dit zijn uitgebreide studienotities voor de cursus Data Science in Auditing aan Nyenrode Business Universiteit, met volledige dekking van alle zeven onderdelen. De notities behandelen fundamentele concepten (data science en auditstandaarden), technische skills (Python en pandas), statistiek, machine learning modellen (regressie, classificatie, KNN), modeloptimalisatie, en praktische audit toepassingen zoals het Audit Risk Model en hypothesetoetsing. Ideaal voor examenvoorbereiding: alle kernconcepten zijn helder gestructureerd met voorbeelden, praktische toepassingen in auditing, en oefenvragen aan het einde van elk hoofdstuk.

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Inhoudsopgave
Deel I – Fundamenten van Data Science in Auditing

1. Introductie tot Data Science en
Auditing
1.1 Wat is Data Science?
1.2 De rol van Data Science binnen
auditing
1.3 Voordelen en beperkingen
1.4 Data analytics en
auditstandaarden
2. Auditstandaarden en Data
Analytics
2.1 Overzicht van ISA-standaarden
2.2 ISA 315 – Risico-inschatting
2.3 ISA 500 – Audit Evidence
2.4 ISA 520 – Analytische procedures
2.5 ISA 240 – Fraude
2.6 ISA 530 – Audit Sampling


Deel II – Data en Technische Basis

3. Data en Big Data Concepten
3.1 Wat is data?

, 3.2 De wisdom pyramid
3.3 De 5 V’s van Big Data
3.4 Datakwaliteit en betrouwbaarheid
4. Introductie tot Python voor Data
Analyse
4.1 Data types
4.2 Variabelen
4.3 Operatoren
4.4 Logica en expressies
5. Werken met DataFrames (Pandas)
5.1 Data verkennen
5.2 Selectie met loc[] en iloc[]
5.3 Filtering en manipulatie
6. Control Flow en Automatisering in
Python
6.1 Conditionele statements
6.2 Loops
6.3 Automatisering van
auditprocessen


Deel III – Statistiek en Redenering

7. Statistisch Denken in Auditing
7.1 Populatie en steekproef
7.2 Onzekerheid

, 7.3 Parametrische en niet-
parametrische methoden
8. Sampling en Audit Evidence
8.1 Audit sampling
8.2 Statistische vs niet-statistische
sampling
8.3 Sampling risk
8.4 Samplingproces
9. Redeneren in Data Science
9.1 Deductief redeneren
9.2 Inductief redeneren
9.3 Toepassing in auditing


Deel IV – Machine Learning en Modellen

10. Regressieanalyse
10.1 Lineaire regressie
10.2 Interpretatie van coëfficiënten
10.3 Modelevaluatie
11. Model Evaluatie Metrics
11.1 MAE, MSE, RMSE, MAPE
11.2 Accuracy, Precision, Recall
11.3 Keuze van metrics
12. Classificatiemodellen en
Performance

, 12.1 Confusion matrix
12.2 Trade-offs
12.3 Toepassing in auditing
13. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)
13.1 Werking van KNN
13.2 Keuze van k
13.3 Feature scaling


Deel V – Modeloptimalisatie

14. Overfitting, Underfitting en
Generalisatie
14.1 Modelgedrag
14.2 Generalisatie
14.3 Optimalisatiestrategieën
15. Bias-Variance Trade-off
15.1 Bias en variance
15.2 Trade-off
15.3 Toepassing in modellen


Deel VI – Audit Toepassingen

16. Audit Risk Model
16.1 Inherent risk

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