WGU C268 SPREADSHEETS PA 2026 FINAL
REVIEW PACK COMPLETE QUESTION SET AND
CORE CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ Research Literature. Answer: a set of published research studies
on a particular topic
◉ Abstract. Answer: a brief summary of what is included in the
research article
◉ Elements of an Abstract. Answer: Purpose, Method, Results
◉ Objectives/Purposes of Educational Research. Answer:
Description, Understanding, Explanation, Prediction, Influence,
Integration
◉ Description. Answer: attempt to describe the characteristics of a
phenomenon
◉ Understanding. Answer: attempt to learn and generate ideas
about specific and unique phenomena
,◉ Explanation. Answer: attempt to show how and why a
phenomenon operates as it does
◉ Prediction. Answer: attempt to forecast phenomenon
◉ Influence. Answer: attempt to apply research to make certain
outcomes occur
◉ Integration. Answer: attempt to consolidate insights from
multiple investigators, theories/perspectives, sets of data, or
methods, in order to understand a given entity of study
◉ Emic Perspective. Answer: Insider's perspective
◉ Etic Perspective. Answer: Outsider's/researcher's perspective
◉ Types of Educational Research. Answer: Basic, Evaluation, Action,
Orientational, Applied
◉ Basic Educational Research. Answer: research focused on
generating fundamental knowledge
◉ Evaluative Educational Research. Answer: research focused on
deciding the worth/quality of intervention programs
,◉ Action Research. Answer: research focused on solving local,
immediate issues/problems practitioners face
◉ Orientational Research. Answer: research focused on reducing
inequality and giving a voice to the disadvantaged
◉ Applied Research. Answer: research focused on providing
immediate solutions to practical, real-world questions/issues
◉ Types of Assessment. Answer: Formative and Summative
◉ Formative Assessment. Answer: assessment focused on program
improvement
◉ Summative Assessment. Answer: assessment focused on program
effectiveness and continuation
◉ Varieties of Assessment. Answer: Needs Assessment, Theory
Assessment, Implementation Assessment, Impact Assessment, and
Efficiency Assessment
◉ Needs Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if there is a
need for the particular type of program under examination
, ◉ Theory Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination is conceptualized in a way that it should
be successful
◉ Implementation Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if
the program under examination was implemented properly and
according to the program's plan
◉ Impact Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination had an impact on the targeted
participants
◉ Efficiency Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination is cost effective
◉ Epistemology. Answer: the theory of knowledge and its
justification
◉ Sources of Knowledge. Answer: Experience and Reasoning
◉ Empiricism. Answer: the belief that all knowledge comes from
experience
REVIEW PACK COMPLETE QUESTION SET AND
CORE CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ Research Literature. Answer: a set of published research studies
on a particular topic
◉ Abstract. Answer: a brief summary of what is included in the
research article
◉ Elements of an Abstract. Answer: Purpose, Method, Results
◉ Objectives/Purposes of Educational Research. Answer:
Description, Understanding, Explanation, Prediction, Influence,
Integration
◉ Description. Answer: attempt to describe the characteristics of a
phenomenon
◉ Understanding. Answer: attempt to learn and generate ideas
about specific and unique phenomena
,◉ Explanation. Answer: attempt to show how and why a
phenomenon operates as it does
◉ Prediction. Answer: attempt to forecast phenomenon
◉ Influence. Answer: attempt to apply research to make certain
outcomes occur
◉ Integration. Answer: attempt to consolidate insights from
multiple investigators, theories/perspectives, sets of data, or
methods, in order to understand a given entity of study
◉ Emic Perspective. Answer: Insider's perspective
◉ Etic Perspective. Answer: Outsider's/researcher's perspective
◉ Types of Educational Research. Answer: Basic, Evaluation, Action,
Orientational, Applied
◉ Basic Educational Research. Answer: research focused on
generating fundamental knowledge
◉ Evaluative Educational Research. Answer: research focused on
deciding the worth/quality of intervention programs
,◉ Action Research. Answer: research focused on solving local,
immediate issues/problems practitioners face
◉ Orientational Research. Answer: research focused on reducing
inequality and giving a voice to the disadvantaged
◉ Applied Research. Answer: research focused on providing
immediate solutions to practical, real-world questions/issues
◉ Types of Assessment. Answer: Formative and Summative
◉ Formative Assessment. Answer: assessment focused on program
improvement
◉ Summative Assessment. Answer: assessment focused on program
effectiveness and continuation
◉ Varieties of Assessment. Answer: Needs Assessment, Theory
Assessment, Implementation Assessment, Impact Assessment, and
Efficiency Assessment
◉ Needs Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if there is a
need for the particular type of program under examination
, ◉ Theory Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination is conceptualized in a way that it should
be successful
◉ Implementation Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if
the program under examination was implemented properly and
according to the program's plan
◉ Impact Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination had an impact on the targeted
participants
◉ Efficiency Assessment. Answer: assessment evaluating if the
program under examination is cost effective
◉ Epistemology. Answer: the theory of knowledge and its
justification
◉ Sources of Knowledge. Answer: Experience and Reasoning
◉ Empiricism. Answer: the belief that all knowledge comes from
experience
