Page 1 of 127
QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION
EXAM|QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE|GRADED A+|100%
CORRECT|2026 UPDATE
1. Which of the following best defines "Quality" in a business
context?
A) Conformance to specifications.
B) Fitness for use and meeting customer expectations.
C) Low cost of production.
D) High production volume.
Answer: B
Rationale: Quality is commonly defined as "fitness for use"
(Juran) and meeting or exceeding customer expectations.
,Page 2 of 127
Conformance to specifications is part of quality but not the
complete definition.
2. Who is known as the "Father of Modern Quality
Management" and introduced the 14 Points for Management?
A) Joseph Juran
B) Philip Crosby
C) W. Edwards Deming
D) Kaoru Ishikawa
Answer: C
Rationale: Deming's 14 Points focus on continuous improvement,
reducing variation, and driving out fear. Juran contributed the
quality trilogy; Crosby introduced "zero defects" and "quality is
free."
3. The "Cost of Quality" (COQ) includes which four
categories?
,Page 3 of 127
A) Materials, labor, overhead, shipping
B) Prevention, appraisal, internal failure, external failure
C) Design, production, testing, distribution
D) Training, inspection, rework, scrap
Answer: B
Rationale: COQ = Prevention (training, planning) + Appraisal
(inspection, testing) + Internal Failure (rework, scrap) + External
Failure (warranty, returns, lost customers).
4. A company finds a defect before shipping to the customer.
This cost is classified as:
A) Prevention cost
B) Appraisal cost
C) Internal failure cost
D) External failure cost
, Page 4 of 127
Answer: C
Rationale: Internal failure costs occur before the product reaches
the customer (rework, scrap, retesting). External failure occurs
after delivery (returns, warranty claims).
5. Which quality guru introduced the concept of "Zero
Defects"?
A) Deming
B) Juran
C) Crosby
D) Taguchi
Answer: C
Rationale: Philip Crosby argued that quality is free and zero
defects should be the standard. He emphasized "doing it right
the first time."
QUALITY ASSURANCE CERTIFICATION
EXAM|QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE|GRADED A+|100%
CORRECT|2026 UPDATE
1. Which of the following best defines "Quality" in a business
context?
A) Conformance to specifications.
B) Fitness for use and meeting customer expectations.
C) Low cost of production.
D) High production volume.
Answer: B
Rationale: Quality is commonly defined as "fitness for use"
(Juran) and meeting or exceeding customer expectations.
,Page 2 of 127
Conformance to specifications is part of quality but not the
complete definition.
2. Who is known as the "Father of Modern Quality
Management" and introduced the 14 Points for Management?
A) Joseph Juran
B) Philip Crosby
C) W. Edwards Deming
D) Kaoru Ishikawa
Answer: C
Rationale: Deming's 14 Points focus on continuous improvement,
reducing variation, and driving out fear. Juran contributed the
quality trilogy; Crosby introduced "zero defects" and "quality is
free."
3. The "Cost of Quality" (COQ) includes which four
categories?
,Page 3 of 127
A) Materials, labor, overhead, shipping
B) Prevention, appraisal, internal failure, external failure
C) Design, production, testing, distribution
D) Training, inspection, rework, scrap
Answer: B
Rationale: COQ = Prevention (training, planning) + Appraisal
(inspection, testing) + Internal Failure (rework, scrap) + External
Failure (warranty, returns, lost customers).
4. A company finds a defect before shipping to the customer.
This cost is classified as:
A) Prevention cost
B) Appraisal cost
C) Internal failure cost
D) External failure cost
, Page 4 of 127
Answer: C
Rationale: Internal failure costs occur before the product reaches
the customer (rework, scrap, retesting). External failure occurs
after delivery (returns, warranty claims).
5. Which quality guru introduced the concept of "Zero
Defects"?
A) Deming
B) Juran
C) Crosby
D) Taguchi
Answer: C
Rationale: Philip Crosby argued that quality is free and zero
defects should be the standard. He emphasized "doing it right
the first time."
