WEST COAST EMT FINAL STUDY GUIDE EXAM
UPDATED WITH CERTIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is capnography? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A noninvasive
technique to alert you to hypoventilation even when
your patient's pulse ox reading are fine. Carbon dioxide
is the most significant factor in monitoring ventilation.
Capnography measures the CO2 in every breath to
monitor air exchange in the patient's alveoli.
Trendelenburg position - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A position in
which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head
What is CPAP? Why is it used? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-continuous
positive airway pressure; used to deliver pressure to the
airways to keep the airway open while the individual
sleeps
What makes up the axial skeleton? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-skull,
vertebral column, thoracic cage
what is the epiglottis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a flap that flips
down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing
,what is croup? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-acute VIRAL inflammatory
disease of larynx, primarily w/in the subglottic space
-6 months to 6 years
what is a pulmonary embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A
condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs
become blocked by a blood clot.
what is an aneurysm? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-an excessive
localized enlargement of an artery caused by a
weakening of the artery wall.
what is a thrombus? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stationary blood clot
what is an embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A piece of a blood
clot that enters the bloodstream
What is subcutaneous emphysema? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a
characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the
skin, caused by the presence of air in the soft tissue
-may feel like rice crispy treats
what is hemoptysis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Coughing up blood;
blood in sputum generally from the lungs.
,what is hematuria? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-presence of blood in
the urine
What is hematemesis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-vomiting blood
small-volume nebulizer - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a device that uses
compressed air or oxygen to nebulize a liquid
medication into a mist that a patient can inhale
How to care for a patient who has been sexually
assaulted: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Have female be treated by
female EMT
- First component is medical treatment.
- Second is psychologic care of the patient - don't cross-
examine patient or attempt to obtain info
- Don't tamper any evidence. Put evidence in paper bags,
not plastic.
, types of consent: expressed - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Patient
verbally or otherwise acknowledges that he/she wants
you to provide care or transport. May be nonverbal.
informed consent - you explained the nature of
treatment being offered, along with potential risks,
benefits, and alternatives to treatment, as well as
consequences of refusing treatment.
types of consent: implied - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Legal principle
that allows treatment under circumstances, such as
intoxication, mentally impaired, or suffering from
certain conditions such as head injury.
- applies only when a serious medical condition exists
and should never be used unless there is a threat to life
or limb
types of consent: involuntary - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Applies
when a person is mentally ill, developmentally delayed,
or who is in a behavioral (psychological) crisis. Someone
makes the decision on their behalf (legally responsible).
types of consent: minors - ✔✔✔ANSWER-- When a parent
cannot be reached to provide consent, health care
providers are allowed to give emergency care to a child.
UPDATED WITH CERTIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is capnography? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A noninvasive
technique to alert you to hypoventilation even when
your patient's pulse ox reading are fine. Carbon dioxide
is the most significant factor in monitoring ventilation.
Capnography measures the CO2 in every breath to
monitor air exchange in the patient's alveoli.
Trendelenburg position - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A position in
which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head
What is CPAP? Why is it used? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-continuous
positive airway pressure; used to deliver pressure to the
airways to keep the airway open while the individual
sleeps
What makes up the axial skeleton? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-skull,
vertebral column, thoracic cage
what is the epiglottis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a flap that flips
down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing
,what is croup? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-acute VIRAL inflammatory
disease of larynx, primarily w/in the subglottic space
-6 months to 6 years
what is a pulmonary embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A
condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs
become blocked by a blood clot.
what is an aneurysm? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-an excessive
localized enlargement of an artery caused by a
weakening of the artery wall.
what is a thrombus? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-stationary blood clot
what is an embolism? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-A piece of a blood
clot that enters the bloodstream
What is subcutaneous emphysema? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a
characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the
skin, caused by the presence of air in the soft tissue
-may feel like rice crispy treats
what is hemoptysis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Coughing up blood;
blood in sputum generally from the lungs.
,what is hematuria? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-presence of blood in
the urine
What is hematemesis? - ✔✔✔ANSWER-vomiting blood
small-volume nebulizer - ✔✔✔ANSWER-a device that uses
compressed air or oxygen to nebulize a liquid
medication into a mist that a patient can inhale
How to care for a patient who has been sexually
assaulted: - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Have female be treated by
female EMT
- First component is medical treatment.
- Second is psychologic care of the patient - don't cross-
examine patient or attempt to obtain info
- Don't tamper any evidence. Put evidence in paper bags,
not plastic.
, types of consent: expressed - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Patient
verbally or otherwise acknowledges that he/she wants
you to provide care or transport. May be nonverbal.
informed consent - you explained the nature of
treatment being offered, along with potential risks,
benefits, and alternatives to treatment, as well as
consequences of refusing treatment.
types of consent: implied - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Legal principle
that allows treatment under circumstances, such as
intoxication, mentally impaired, or suffering from
certain conditions such as head injury.
- applies only when a serious medical condition exists
and should never be used unless there is a threat to life
or limb
types of consent: involuntary - ✔✔✔ANSWER-Applies
when a person is mentally ill, developmentally delayed,
or who is in a behavioral (psychological) crisis. Someone
makes the decision on their behalf (legally responsible).
types of consent: minors - ✔✔✔ANSWER-- When a parent
cannot be reached to provide consent, health care
providers are allowed to give emergency care to a child.
