BPK 140 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ What fraction of individuals will experience a mental disorder in
their lifetime?
Answer: 1 in 4 individuals
◉ In Canada, what fraction of Canadians will face a mental health
issue?
Answer: 1 in 5 Canadians
◉ What percentage of people with anxiety or depression have never
seen a doctor?
Answer: 50%
◉ What should be prioritized equally alongside physical wellness?
Answer: Mental wellness
◉ Name one way to promote positive mental health.
Answer: Build a strong support network
◉ What is emotional health?
,Answer: How people feel and manage their moods
◉ What is psychological health?
Answer: How people think and maintain an accurate view of reality
◉ Define mental wellness.
Answer: Our capacity to think, feel, and behave in ways that help us
enjoy life and manage challenges
◉ What are the five levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Answer: 1. Physiological needs, 2. Safety, 3. Love/Belonging, 4. Self-
esteem, 5. Self-actualization
◉ What is self-actualization?
Answer: Ongoing process of realizing one's full potential and striving
for personal growth
◉ What does autonomy refer to in psychological health?
Answer: Ability to make independent decisions based on personal
values
◉ What is self-esteem?
Answer: A person's overall sense of self-worth
,◉ What does it mean to be inner-directed?
Answer: Guided by internal values rather than external pressures
◉ Define authenticity in the context of mental health.
Answer: Acting in ways true to one's real feelings, values, and
identity
◉ What is realism in psychological health?
Answer: Accurately perceiving and interpreting situations without
major distortion
◉ What does acceptance mean in psychological terms?
Answer: Embracing oneself and others as they are, including
imperfections
◉ What are some qualities of mentally healthy individuals?
Answer: Establish close relationships, carry out responsibilities,
value themselves, pursue talents, accept limitations, and perceive
reality accurately
◉ Define mental disorder.
, Answer: A persistent disturbance or dysfunction in behavior,
thoughts, or emotions that causes significant distress or impairment
◉ What historical perspective was once attributed to mental
disorders?
Answer: Supernatural causes, such as demons or spirits
◉ What is the medical model of understanding psychological
disorders?
Answer: Disorders have biological and environmental causes,
defined symptoms, diagnoses, and possible treatments
◉ What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Answer: Chronic, irrational worry about everyday events with
symptoms like agitation and fatigue
◉ What are obsessions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
Answer: Intrusive, unwanted thoughts
◉ What are compulsions in OCD?
Answer: Repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety
◉ What is panic disorder characterized by?
GUIDE 2026
◉ What fraction of individuals will experience a mental disorder in
their lifetime?
Answer: 1 in 4 individuals
◉ In Canada, what fraction of Canadians will face a mental health
issue?
Answer: 1 in 5 Canadians
◉ What percentage of people with anxiety or depression have never
seen a doctor?
Answer: 50%
◉ What should be prioritized equally alongside physical wellness?
Answer: Mental wellness
◉ Name one way to promote positive mental health.
Answer: Build a strong support network
◉ What is emotional health?
,Answer: How people feel and manage their moods
◉ What is psychological health?
Answer: How people think and maintain an accurate view of reality
◉ Define mental wellness.
Answer: Our capacity to think, feel, and behave in ways that help us
enjoy life and manage challenges
◉ What are the five levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Answer: 1. Physiological needs, 2. Safety, 3. Love/Belonging, 4. Self-
esteem, 5. Self-actualization
◉ What is self-actualization?
Answer: Ongoing process of realizing one's full potential and striving
for personal growth
◉ What does autonomy refer to in psychological health?
Answer: Ability to make independent decisions based on personal
values
◉ What is self-esteem?
Answer: A person's overall sense of self-worth
,◉ What does it mean to be inner-directed?
Answer: Guided by internal values rather than external pressures
◉ Define authenticity in the context of mental health.
Answer: Acting in ways true to one's real feelings, values, and
identity
◉ What is realism in psychological health?
Answer: Accurately perceiving and interpreting situations without
major distortion
◉ What does acceptance mean in psychological terms?
Answer: Embracing oneself and others as they are, including
imperfections
◉ What are some qualities of mentally healthy individuals?
Answer: Establish close relationships, carry out responsibilities,
value themselves, pursue talents, accept limitations, and perceive
reality accurately
◉ Define mental disorder.
, Answer: A persistent disturbance or dysfunction in behavior,
thoughts, or emotions that causes significant distress or impairment
◉ What historical perspective was once attributed to mental
disorders?
Answer: Supernatural causes, such as demons or spirits
◉ What is the medical model of understanding psychological
disorders?
Answer: Disorders have biological and environmental causes,
defined symptoms, diagnoses, and possible treatments
◉ What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Answer: Chronic, irrational worry about everyday events with
symptoms like agitation and fatigue
◉ What are obsessions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
Answer: Intrusive, unwanted thoughts
◉ What are compulsions in OCD?
Answer: Repetitive behaviors performed to reduce anxiety
◉ What is panic disorder characterized by?
