MEDICAL PHYSICS ABR TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
ANSWERS
●● a. What are the components of the cell cycle & their order?
b. What is the relative radio-sensitivity of each?
Answer: Mitosis (M), Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S), Gap 2 (G2)
a. M -> G1 -> S -> G2
b. M > G2 > G1 > S
●● Cerebellum:
a. Function
b. Location
Answer: a. Motor control, balance
b. Directly posterior to the brain stem.
●● Cerebrum:
a. Function and properties
b. Divisions
Answer: a. Higher functions: thought, action.
b. 4 lobes: frontal (anterior), parietal (superior), occipital (posterior),
temporal (lateral x 2).
,●● Cerebral cortex
Answer: Sheet of neural tissue outermost to the cerebrum. Grey matter
●● Brain steam function
Answer: Basic vital life functions (breathing, heartbeat, etc.
●● Corpus callosum
Answer: Connects the two parts of the cerebrum.
{Lets the two hemispheres talk to each other, i.e. "call" each other}
●● Alveoli
a. Location
b. Function
Answer: a. Lungs
b. Air-lung interface. Diffusion of O2, CO2.
●● Hiatal hernia
a. Describe condition
b. Imaging modality to diagnose?
Answer: a. Part of the stomach sticks upward into the chest through
opening in the diaphragm.
,b. UGI x-ray after ingestion of barium.
●● Upper gastrointestinal.
Answer: UGI. Esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
●● Lower gastrointestinal
Answer: LGI. Small and Large intestine. Stool.
●● US transducers:
a. What is the angle of orientation of the two surfaces?
b. How thick are the transducers in terms of the wavelength?
c. Are the pressure waves and voltage in phase or out of phase?
Answer: a. 180 degrees.
b. lambda/2
c. pressure: in phase. Voltage: out of phase.
●● Stroke
a. Describe
b. Effects
Answer: a. sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or
occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain
b. Loss of brain function, ischemia, hemorrhage
, ●● Ischemia
Answer: Insufficient blood flow to an area
●● Hemorrhage
Answer: Flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessels.
●● Transurethral resection
Answer: Small pieces of tissue from a nearby structure (typically
prostate) are removed through the wall of the urethra.
●● Foramen magnum
Answer: A large hole in the occipital bone (base of skull) for the passage
of nerves into the spinal cord.
●● Liver cirrhosis
a. Describe
b. Causes
c. Effects
Answer: a. Cells are progressively destroyed and replaced by fatty and
fibrous tissue that surrounds the intrahepatic blood vessels and biliary
radicles, impeding the circulation of blood through the liver.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
ANSWERS
●● a. What are the components of the cell cycle & their order?
b. What is the relative radio-sensitivity of each?
Answer: Mitosis (M), Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S), Gap 2 (G2)
a. M -> G1 -> S -> G2
b. M > G2 > G1 > S
●● Cerebellum:
a. Function
b. Location
Answer: a. Motor control, balance
b. Directly posterior to the brain stem.
●● Cerebrum:
a. Function and properties
b. Divisions
Answer: a. Higher functions: thought, action.
b. 4 lobes: frontal (anterior), parietal (superior), occipital (posterior),
temporal (lateral x 2).
,●● Cerebral cortex
Answer: Sheet of neural tissue outermost to the cerebrum. Grey matter
●● Brain steam function
Answer: Basic vital life functions (breathing, heartbeat, etc.
●● Corpus callosum
Answer: Connects the two parts of the cerebrum.
{Lets the two hemispheres talk to each other, i.e. "call" each other}
●● Alveoli
a. Location
b. Function
Answer: a. Lungs
b. Air-lung interface. Diffusion of O2, CO2.
●● Hiatal hernia
a. Describe condition
b. Imaging modality to diagnose?
Answer: a. Part of the stomach sticks upward into the chest through
opening in the diaphragm.
,b. UGI x-ray after ingestion of barium.
●● Upper gastrointestinal.
Answer: UGI. Esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
●● Lower gastrointestinal
Answer: LGI. Small and Large intestine. Stool.
●● US transducers:
a. What is the angle of orientation of the two surfaces?
b. How thick are the transducers in terms of the wavelength?
c. Are the pressure waves and voltage in phase or out of phase?
Answer: a. 180 degrees.
b. lambda/2
c. pressure: in phase. Voltage: out of phase.
●● Stroke
a. Describe
b. Effects
Answer: a. sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or
occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain
b. Loss of brain function, ischemia, hemorrhage
, ●● Ischemia
Answer: Insufficient blood flow to an area
●● Hemorrhage
Answer: Flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessels.
●● Transurethral resection
Answer: Small pieces of tissue from a nearby structure (typically
prostate) are removed through the wall of the urethra.
●● Foramen magnum
Answer: A large hole in the occipital bone (base of skull) for the passage
of nerves into the spinal cord.
●● Liver cirrhosis
a. Describe
b. Causes
c. Effects
Answer: a. Cells are progressively destroyed and replaced by fatty and
fibrous tissue that surrounds the intrahepatic blood vessels and biliary
radicles, impeding the circulation of blood through the liver.
