MDC 3 FINAL PAPER COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
STUDY GUIDE
●● How does breast cancer start?
Answer: From the epithelial lining of the ducts or the epithelium of the
lobules
●● 99% of breast cancers occur in what gender?
Answer: women
●● breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women?
Answer: white
●● breast cancer in men is similar across?
Answer: all ethnic groups
●● Risk factors for breast cancer?
Answer: -post menopause (increasing in age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause
therapy) can be with progesterone or alone.
,- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian
cancer, or family history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2
hold a 5-10% genetic risk)
-Alcohol
-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased
risk)
●● Breast cancer signs and symptoms
Answer: -lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
,(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
●● *Where is the most common location of breast cancer? *
Answer: *upper outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it
is the most common location of a cancer*
●● Breast cancer screening & diagnostics
Answer: -history
-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast
tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
●● Breast health large breast challenges
Answer: -Impaired comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
, -redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
●● Breast health small breast challenges
Answer: -some choose breast augmentation (important to avoid foods,
medications, herbs that increase bleeding before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not
be as sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not
breast cancer*
●● *Breast Cancer Types*
Answer: -*In situ* (non-ivasive) breast cancer remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
●● *Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is*
Answer: *DCIS: ductal carcinoma is situate*
●● *Invasive breast cancer is*
Answer: *ILC or IDC*
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
STUDY GUIDE
●● How does breast cancer start?
Answer: From the epithelial lining of the ducts or the epithelium of the
lobules
●● 99% of breast cancers occur in what gender?
Answer: women
●● breast cancer is slightly more common in what race of women?
Answer: white
●● breast cancer in men is similar across?
Answer: all ethnic groups
●● Risk factors for breast cancer?
Answer: -post menopause (increasing in age after 60)
-Estrogen (HRT: hormone replacement therapy) (post menopause
therapy) can be with progesterone or alone.
,- History or genetics (history of breast, colon, endometrial, &ovarian
cancer, or family history of breast cancer) (*Gene BRCA1 or BRCA2
hold a 5-10% genetic risk)
-Alcohol
-Childbirth after age 30
-Obesity
-Smoking
-Breast cellular changes: hyperplasia, atypical appearance (increased
risk)
●● Breast cancer signs and symptoms
Answer: -lump in breast
-swelling
-skin irritation
-dimpling
-breast pain
-nipple pain
-nipple turning inward
-redness
-scaliness
-thickening of the nipple
-unusual discharge
-lump in the armpit
,(more rare but can present itself as an orange peel)
●● *Where is the most common location of breast cancer? *
Answer: *upper outer quadrant is the most glandular tissue, as a result it
is the most common location of a cancer*
●● Breast cancer screening & diagnostics
Answer: -history
-physical assessment and examination
-mammogram (less effective in younger women due to denser breast
tissue)
-ultrasound
-MRI (gives more details than a mammogram or ultrasound)
-Biopsy
-Labs
-Pathology
●● Breast health large breast challenges
Answer: -Impaired comfort
-Back pain
-diffculty finding clothing that fits
-expensive bras
-fungal infections under breasts
, -redness, chaffing or rash, under breasts.
●● Breast health small breast challenges
Answer: -some choose breast augmentation (important to avoid foods,
medications, herbs that increase bleeding before/after surgery)
-Can still perform self examination and have mammograms- but may not
be as sensitive
-*some evidence of increased risk for non Hodgkins lymphoma Not
breast cancer*
●● *Breast Cancer Types*
Answer: -*In situ* (non-ivasive) breast cancer remains in the mammary
*DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situate* duct or lobules
-*ILC: invasive lobular carcinoma*
*IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma*
●● *Non-invasive or In situ breast cancer is*
Answer: *DCIS: ductal carcinoma is situate*
●● *Invasive breast cancer is*
Answer: *ILC or IDC*
