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Exam (elaborations)

OCR A-Level Biology_ Ecosystems

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OCR A-Level Biology_ Ecosystems Exam With Questions And Answers

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1 of 79

Definition Term


By line transect - A line
How do you measure biomass?
marked along the ground and
samples are taken at specified
points.
By belt transect (more
information) - Two parallel
lines are marked along the
ground and samples are taken
of the area at specified points.
Both are forms of systematic,
non random sampling.
Allows for the study of how
differing abiotic factors in
different areas of the habitat
affect the distribution of a
species e.g. successional

,changes of plant species
moving inland from sea in
sand dunes.

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True False



Correct definition



How is distribution measured?




2 of 79

Definition Term



Conversion of ammonium What is denitrification?
compounds into nitrites and
nitrates. It is an oxidation
reaction that occurs in two
steps.

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True False



Correct definition



What is nitrification?

, 3 of 79

Term Definition



What are five examples of abiotic 1. Temperature
factors? 2. Light intensity
3. Edaphic (soil)
4. Water availability
5. Oxygen availability




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True False




4 of 79

Definition Term



In its form in the air, nitrogen How can nitrogen be used by
cannot be used by plants, so it living organisms?
needs to be combined with
other elements like oxygen
and hydrogen by bacteria to
make it into a form that is
useable by plants.
Without bacteria, nitrogen
would quickly become a
limiting factor in ecosystems.

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, True False




5 of 79

Definition Term



- As not all of the energy How does the efficiency of
available is used for biomass and energy transfer
photosynthesis - 90% is differ between trophic levels?
reflected, some is transmitted,
and some is of an unusable
wavelength.
- Other factors e.g.
temperature, may limit
photosynthesis.
- A proportion of the energy is
used in photosynthetic
reactions

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True False



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Why do producers only convert 1-3% of the sunlight they
receive into chemical energy?

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