LARE SECTION 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Addendum vs Bulletin vs Change Order - Answers - Addenda are issued after a project
goes to bid, but before bids are evaluated.
Bulletins and change orders are issued during construction.
A bulletin is a request for a change from the design/construction side.
A change order is a change to the contract and typically involves a change in scope or
change in fees due to inaccurate or incomplete plans, details or specs.
What types of situations might prompt a change order? - Answers - Usually anything
that results in a change in scope or fees; drawings errors and/or omissions, design
changes, inaccurate specs, unforeseen soil conditions, inaccurate estimate of materials
needed, etc. *Note that a change order can also result in reduced fees for contractor if
substituted materials cost less than previously specified materials.
What could happen if a landscape architect takes calls from a bidding contractor during
the bidding process? - Answers - The bids could become invalidated and the landscape
architect could become liable for the cost of bidding. During bidding all questions have
to be submitted in writing to ensure all bidders have access to the same information.
Who submits shop drawings? - Answers - The contractor or product manufacturer.
What are shop drawings? Shop drawings vs specifications? - Answers - Any submittal
to the PM for review including details design calculations, design drawings, fabrication
and installation drawings, erection drawings, lists, graphs, operating instructions,
catalog sheets, data sheets, samples and similar items
Shop drawings are not contract documents
While contract plans and specifications (including Supplemental and Special Provisions)
define the overall nature of the project with many specific requirements, Shop Drawings
provide a method for the Contractor to propose, under the specification guides, a
particular material, product or system of accomplishing the work.
What is included in awarding the contract? - Answers - 1. Advertising
2. Receipt and bid opening
3. Bid evaluation
4. Contract compliance review
, 5. Board approval to award projects
6. Processing bonds and insurance
7. Pre Con meeting
8. Issuing the Notice to Proceed
At what stage are shop drawings submitted and are they included in any dwg set or
package? - Answers - Submittals. The contractor usually just submits shop drawings to
the landscape architect. In some cases when a permit is required, shop drawings may
be submitted to the City.
What is an RFI? - Answers - Any formal question about the plans, specs or contract
requirements that come to the PM from the contractor, except for requests for CO or
shop drawing submittals. **REVIEW**RFI category 6 is change order request...so is a
change order request a type of RFI?
Who initiates an RFI? - Answers - Almost always initiated by the contractor, processed
by the PM
What changes in unit price contractual relationships could warrant contract changes? -
Answers - -Changes in quality requiring a new unit price be negotiated
-Changes in quantity; often if change in quantity is greater than 10-20% (exact % to be
stated in contract), new unit prices can be negotiated
-Changes in contract time; may result in changes to overhead costs if contract time
changes
-Changes in contract conditions
What are the main change order pricing structures? - Answers - -negotiated lump sum
-time and material. Payment will be based on documented direct cost and approved
overhead and profit after the completion of work
-unilateral. This is issued when agreement on costs and/or time adjustments cannot be
reached
Excusable, compensable delay impacts - Answers - = those within control of owner
1. errors and omissions
2. delay on shop drawings
3. owner furnished equipment
Excusable, non-compensable delay impacts - Answers - = outside of either party's
control
1. weather
2. strikes
3. acts of God
Inexcusable delay impacts - Answers - = within the control of the contractor
1. failure to properly man the job
2. failure to properly supervise the work
ACCURATE ANSWERS
Addendum vs Bulletin vs Change Order - Answers - Addenda are issued after a project
goes to bid, but before bids are evaluated.
Bulletins and change orders are issued during construction.
A bulletin is a request for a change from the design/construction side.
A change order is a change to the contract and typically involves a change in scope or
change in fees due to inaccurate or incomplete plans, details or specs.
What types of situations might prompt a change order? - Answers - Usually anything
that results in a change in scope or fees; drawings errors and/or omissions, design
changes, inaccurate specs, unforeseen soil conditions, inaccurate estimate of materials
needed, etc. *Note that a change order can also result in reduced fees for contractor if
substituted materials cost less than previously specified materials.
What could happen if a landscape architect takes calls from a bidding contractor during
the bidding process? - Answers - The bids could become invalidated and the landscape
architect could become liable for the cost of bidding. During bidding all questions have
to be submitted in writing to ensure all bidders have access to the same information.
Who submits shop drawings? - Answers - The contractor or product manufacturer.
What are shop drawings? Shop drawings vs specifications? - Answers - Any submittal
to the PM for review including details design calculations, design drawings, fabrication
and installation drawings, erection drawings, lists, graphs, operating instructions,
catalog sheets, data sheets, samples and similar items
Shop drawings are not contract documents
While contract plans and specifications (including Supplemental and Special Provisions)
define the overall nature of the project with many specific requirements, Shop Drawings
provide a method for the Contractor to propose, under the specification guides, a
particular material, product or system of accomplishing the work.
What is included in awarding the contract? - Answers - 1. Advertising
2. Receipt and bid opening
3. Bid evaluation
4. Contract compliance review
, 5. Board approval to award projects
6. Processing bonds and insurance
7. Pre Con meeting
8. Issuing the Notice to Proceed
At what stage are shop drawings submitted and are they included in any dwg set or
package? - Answers - Submittals. The contractor usually just submits shop drawings to
the landscape architect. In some cases when a permit is required, shop drawings may
be submitted to the City.
What is an RFI? - Answers - Any formal question about the plans, specs or contract
requirements that come to the PM from the contractor, except for requests for CO or
shop drawing submittals. **REVIEW**RFI category 6 is change order request...so is a
change order request a type of RFI?
Who initiates an RFI? - Answers - Almost always initiated by the contractor, processed
by the PM
What changes in unit price contractual relationships could warrant contract changes? -
Answers - -Changes in quality requiring a new unit price be negotiated
-Changes in quantity; often if change in quantity is greater than 10-20% (exact % to be
stated in contract), new unit prices can be negotiated
-Changes in contract time; may result in changes to overhead costs if contract time
changes
-Changes in contract conditions
What are the main change order pricing structures? - Answers - -negotiated lump sum
-time and material. Payment will be based on documented direct cost and approved
overhead and profit after the completion of work
-unilateral. This is issued when agreement on costs and/or time adjustments cannot be
reached
Excusable, compensable delay impacts - Answers - = those within control of owner
1. errors and omissions
2. delay on shop drawings
3. owner furnished equipment
Excusable, non-compensable delay impacts - Answers - = outside of either party's
control
1. weather
2. strikes
3. acts of God
Inexcusable delay impacts - Answers - = within the control of the contractor
1. failure to properly man the job
2. failure to properly supervise the work
