SPCE 609 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
A properly drawn graph provides a picture of progress across the time of instruction or intervention.
Graphs should be simple and uncluttered but provide sufficient information to monitor progress.
Graphs serve at least 3 purposes: 1. they provide a means for organizing data during the data collection process.
Tallies on sheets of paper are impossible to interpret. Translating raw data into a
graph provides an ongoing pic- ture of progress (or lack thereof) that is easier to
understand than thumbing through piles of data sheets.
2. an ongoing picture makes possible formative evaluation, the ongoing analysis
of the effectiveness of an intervention.
Formative evaluation makes it possible to see how well a procedure is working and to make
adjustments if it is not working well.
summative program evaluation, When the intervention is finished, inspecting a graph allows for summative
program evaluation, the end result of an intervention or series of interventions.
3. graphs serve as a vehicle for communication among teacher, student, parents,
and related service professionals. . A properly constructed graph shows all the
information about how the target behavior changes during an intervention.
A. Line graphs commonly used to display data in a serial manner across the duration of
instruction or intervention. This allows for ongoing monitoring of the behavior and
evaluation of the instruction or intervention.
, Graphs can be constructed using graph paper or a computer program.
The grid on the graph paper or the computer software it possible to plot data accurately, ensuring proper alignment and equal intervals
makes among data points. When data are presented formally, as in publica- tions, the
grid is usually omitted.
Axes A graph is constructed within a set of boundaries. These boundaries are called
axes. A line graph has two axes: the horizontal abscissa, or x axis, and the vertical
ordinate, or y axis.
a line graph has two axes the horizontal abscissa, or x axis, and the vertical ordinate, or y axis.
When the graph is completed, these axes are drawn in a ratio of 2:3. Thus, if the y axis is 2 inches long, the x axis should be 3 inches. If
the y axis is 4 inches, the x axis should be 6 inch
Abscissa x-axis, horizontal line bottom boundary of the graph
shows how frequently data were collected during the period represented on the
graph.
be labeled as: days, dates, or sessions.
Ordinate y-axis, vertical line identifies the target behavior and the kind of data that is being re- ported.
Ordinate scale: Scale on the y axis, used to record the performance of the target behav- ior,
always begins at 0.
Scale break Occasionally, the ordinate scale may not be continuous. For example, if all the
data points are above 40%, the bottom part of the graph will be empty and the
top will be unnecessarily crowded. It is permissible to begin the scale at 0, draw
two horizontal parallel lines between the first and second lines on the graph
paper, and label the second line 4
Data point Small geometric forms, such as circles, squares, or triangles, are used to represent
the occurrence of the target behavior during a time segment.
Data path When a solid line is drawn connecting the data points, it forms the data path
No more than three different data paths should be plotted on a single graph.
Additional graphs should be used when more than three data paths are
necessary.
data path - single geometric form is used to represent each point on a single data path
data path - When more than one set of data appears on a graph, each is represented by a
different geometric symbol. Which behavior is represented by each symbol and
data path may be shown in one of two ways, both of which can be observed on
the second graph of Figure 5.1. Each path may be labeled and an arrow drawn
from the label to the path, or a legend (or key) may be provided listing each
geometric symbol and the behavior it represents.
A properly drawn graph provides a picture of progress across the time of instruction or intervention.
Graphs should be simple and uncluttered but provide sufficient information to monitor progress.
Graphs serve at least 3 purposes: 1. they provide a means for organizing data during the data collection process.
Tallies on sheets of paper are impossible to interpret. Translating raw data into a
graph provides an ongoing pic- ture of progress (or lack thereof) that is easier to
understand than thumbing through piles of data sheets.
2. an ongoing picture makes possible formative evaluation, the ongoing analysis
of the effectiveness of an intervention.
Formative evaluation makes it possible to see how well a procedure is working and to make
adjustments if it is not working well.
summative program evaluation, When the intervention is finished, inspecting a graph allows for summative
program evaluation, the end result of an intervention or series of interventions.
3. graphs serve as a vehicle for communication among teacher, student, parents,
and related service professionals. . A properly constructed graph shows all the
information about how the target behavior changes during an intervention.
A. Line graphs commonly used to display data in a serial manner across the duration of
instruction or intervention. This allows for ongoing monitoring of the behavior and
evaluation of the instruction or intervention.
, Graphs can be constructed using graph paper or a computer program.
The grid on the graph paper or the computer software it possible to plot data accurately, ensuring proper alignment and equal intervals
makes among data points. When data are presented formally, as in publica- tions, the
grid is usually omitted.
Axes A graph is constructed within a set of boundaries. These boundaries are called
axes. A line graph has two axes: the horizontal abscissa, or x axis, and the vertical
ordinate, or y axis.
a line graph has two axes the horizontal abscissa, or x axis, and the vertical ordinate, or y axis.
When the graph is completed, these axes are drawn in a ratio of 2:3. Thus, if the y axis is 2 inches long, the x axis should be 3 inches. If
the y axis is 4 inches, the x axis should be 6 inch
Abscissa x-axis, horizontal line bottom boundary of the graph
shows how frequently data were collected during the period represented on the
graph.
be labeled as: days, dates, or sessions.
Ordinate y-axis, vertical line identifies the target behavior and the kind of data that is being re- ported.
Ordinate scale: Scale on the y axis, used to record the performance of the target behav- ior,
always begins at 0.
Scale break Occasionally, the ordinate scale may not be continuous. For example, if all the
data points are above 40%, the bottom part of the graph will be empty and the
top will be unnecessarily crowded. It is permissible to begin the scale at 0, draw
two horizontal parallel lines between the first and second lines on the graph
paper, and label the second line 4
Data point Small geometric forms, such as circles, squares, or triangles, are used to represent
the occurrence of the target behavior during a time segment.
Data path When a solid line is drawn connecting the data points, it forms the data path
No more than three different data paths should be plotted on a single graph.
Additional graphs should be used when more than three data paths are
necessary.
data path - single geometric form is used to represent each point on a single data path
data path - When more than one set of data appears on a graph, each is represented by a
different geometric symbol. Which behavior is represented by each symbol and
data path may be shown in one of two ways, both of which can be observed on
the second graph of Figure 5.1. Each path may be labeled and an arrow drawn
from the label to the path, or a legend (or key) may be provided listing each
geometric symbol and the behavior it represents.
