LMS EXAM SCRIPT FINAL PAPER FULL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Motor neuron pools have a
Answer: columnar organization extending over one or more spinal
cord segments
◉ e LMNs are located in the_________ in the ___________of the spinal
cord.
Answer: ipsilateral ( same side), ventral horn
◉ Cervical segments control muscles of the
Answer: neck and arms.
◉ Thoracic segments control muscles of the
Answer: abdomen.
◉ Lumbar/sacral segments control muscles of the
Answer: legs and pelvis
◉ Within the ventral horn, there's a ________________of motor neuron
pools:
,Answer: medial-to-lateral organization
◉ Medial regions innervate __________ muscles
Answer: proximal, trunk and shoulders
◉ Lateral regions innervate more _______ muscles
Answer: distal, forearms, hands, fingers, lower legs, and toes
◉ Muscles of the fingers and toes have their motor neuron pools
located in the
Answer: most lateral parts of the ventral horn.
◉ A person sustains a spinal cord injury in a car accident and loses
the ability to move her fingers and her hand. The injury most likely
damaged which region of her spinal cord?
Answer: Lateral ventral horn
◉ Pathways in Medial part of spinal cord pathways control
Answer: posture and locomotion.
◉ Interneurons in the medial part often span
Answer: several spinal cord segments vertically.
, ◉ These pathways tend to be _________, meaning they influence
muscles on both sides of the body.
Answer: bilateral
◉ Lateral spinal cord pathways control
Answer: fine movements in the distal extremities.
◉ Interneurons in the lateral part have a strictly
Answer: local influence, often within a single segment.
◉ Lateral spinal cord pathways typically _________, affecting muscles
on the same side of the body.
Answer: ipsilateral
◉ α-motor neurons innervate
Answer: extrafusal muscle fibers.
◉ Extrafusal fibers are the
Answer: main, striated, force-producing muscle fibers that generate
the actual forces needed for posture and movement
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
◉ Motor neuron pools have a
Answer: columnar organization extending over one or more spinal
cord segments
◉ e LMNs are located in the_________ in the ___________of the spinal
cord.
Answer: ipsilateral ( same side), ventral horn
◉ Cervical segments control muscles of the
Answer: neck and arms.
◉ Thoracic segments control muscles of the
Answer: abdomen.
◉ Lumbar/sacral segments control muscles of the
Answer: legs and pelvis
◉ Within the ventral horn, there's a ________________of motor neuron
pools:
,Answer: medial-to-lateral organization
◉ Medial regions innervate __________ muscles
Answer: proximal, trunk and shoulders
◉ Lateral regions innervate more _______ muscles
Answer: distal, forearms, hands, fingers, lower legs, and toes
◉ Muscles of the fingers and toes have their motor neuron pools
located in the
Answer: most lateral parts of the ventral horn.
◉ A person sustains a spinal cord injury in a car accident and loses
the ability to move her fingers and her hand. The injury most likely
damaged which region of her spinal cord?
Answer: Lateral ventral horn
◉ Pathways in Medial part of spinal cord pathways control
Answer: posture and locomotion.
◉ Interneurons in the medial part often span
Answer: several spinal cord segments vertically.
, ◉ These pathways tend to be _________, meaning they influence
muscles on both sides of the body.
Answer: bilateral
◉ Lateral spinal cord pathways control
Answer: fine movements in the distal extremities.
◉ Interneurons in the lateral part have a strictly
Answer: local influence, often within a single segment.
◉ Lateral spinal cord pathways typically _________, affecting muscles
on the same side of the body.
Answer: ipsilateral
◉ α-motor neurons innervate
Answer: extrafusal muscle fibers.
◉ Extrafusal fibers are the
Answer: main, striated, force-producing muscle fibers that generate
the actual forces needed for posture and movement
