AQA A LEVEL HISTORY COMPONENT 1H
TSARIST AND COMMUNIST RUSSIA 2026
EXAM REVIEW STUDY GUIDE BUNDLED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PREMIUM
◉ Principle of the PG 8: Maintenance of... Answer: Military discipline
◉ What were the 3 main dangers of the PG's 8 Principles? Answer:
Freedoms introduced too rapidly, release of political prisoners
allowed extremist opposition to strengthen, revolutionaries and
local militia are armed and powerful
◉ Give 2 examples of exiles who returned because of the PG's
amnesty Answer: Trotsky, Lenin
◉ How many people joined trade unions after the ban on them was
lifted in 1917? Answer: 2 million
◉ How many pamphlets were printed in Petrograd by moderate
socialist during the time of the PG? (shows danger of press
freedoms) Answer: 27 million
,◉ When was the Petrograd soviet formed? Answer: 27th February
1917
◉ Who selected the members of the Petrograd Soviet? Answer:
Delegates elected by factories
◉ Who dominated the executive committee of the Petrograd soviet?
Answer: Mensheviks
◉ What other political group was part of the Petrograd Soviet?
Answer: SRs
◉ What does "Dual Authority" mean? Answer: Provisional
Government and Petrograd Soviet worked side by side
◉ Which 2 instructions in Soviet Order Number One gave political
representation to soldiers? Answer: All military units were to elect
committees from their members, all military units were to elect
representatives to the Petrograd Soviet
◉ Which instruction in Soviet Order Number One gave power to
military committees? Answer: All weapons were to be controlled by
the military committees and not given to officers
,◉ Which instruction in Soviet Order Number One gave the Petrograd
Soviet more power than the PG? Answer: The orders of the
Petrograd Soviet should take priority over those of the Provisional
Government
◉ How did the Petrograd Soviet become more representative over
time? Answer: As the news of the Tsar's fall spread, soviets were
elected across Russia and then sent representatives to the Petrograd
Soviet
◉ What buildings/physical infrastructure was under the control of
the Petrograd Soviet? (4) Answer: Telegraph stations, factories,
power supplies, railways
◉ Who allowed the Petrograd Soviet and PG to communicate?
Answer: Alexander Kerensky, a member of both bodies
◉ How did the Petrograd Soviet view its role in relation to the PG?
Answer: Like a "watchdog", there to protect the interests of the
working classes but not to directly intervene
◉ What was the Kerensky Offensive? Answer: June 1917 offensive
against the Austrians
, ◉ Why did Kerensky decide to attempt an offensive? Answer: He
believed military success would help unite Russia
◉ Why did the Kerensky offensive fail? (4) Answer: Low morale,
desertions before the battle, mutinies and desertions during the
offensive, army ill-equipped
◉ How many soldiers deserted before the Kerensky offensive?
Answer: 170,000
◉ How many Russian soldiers died in the Kerensky offensive?
Answer: 400,000
◉ What was the social consequence of soldiers mutinying and
deserting? Answer: Armed soldiers roamed the countryside, descent
into chaos and violence
◉ Who resigned from government in July 1917 in protest against the
continuing war? Answer: Kadet ministers
◉ What were the July Days? Answer: Mass demonstrations in
Petrograd against the PG and the war
TSARIST AND COMMUNIST RUSSIA 2026
EXAM REVIEW STUDY GUIDE BUNDLED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PREMIUM
◉ Principle of the PG 8: Maintenance of... Answer: Military discipline
◉ What were the 3 main dangers of the PG's 8 Principles? Answer:
Freedoms introduced too rapidly, release of political prisoners
allowed extremist opposition to strengthen, revolutionaries and
local militia are armed and powerful
◉ Give 2 examples of exiles who returned because of the PG's
amnesty Answer: Trotsky, Lenin
◉ How many people joined trade unions after the ban on them was
lifted in 1917? Answer: 2 million
◉ How many pamphlets were printed in Petrograd by moderate
socialist during the time of the PG? (shows danger of press
freedoms) Answer: 27 million
,◉ When was the Petrograd soviet formed? Answer: 27th February
1917
◉ Who selected the members of the Petrograd Soviet? Answer:
Delegates elected by factories
◉ Who dominated the executive committee of the Petrograd soviet?
Answer: Mensheviks
◉ What other political group was part of the Petrograd Soviet?
Answer: SRs
◉ What does "Dual Authority" mean? Answer: Provisional
Government and Petrograd Soviet worked side by side
◉ Which 2 instructions in Soviet Order Number One gave political
representation to soldiers? Answer: All military units were to elect
committees from their members, all military units were to elect
representatives to the Petrograd Soviet
◉ Which instruction in Soviet Order Number One gave power to
military committees? Answer: All weapons were to be controlled by
the military committees and not given to officers
,◉ Which instruction in Soviet Order Number One gave the Petrograd
Soviet more power than the PG? Answer: The orders of the
Petrograd Soviet should take priority over those of the Provisional
Government
◉ How did the Petrograd Soviet become more representative over
time? Answer: As the news of the Tsar's fall spread, soviets were
elected across Russia and then sent representatives to the Petrograd
Soviet
◉ What buildings/physical infrastructure was under the control of
the Petrograd Soviet? (4) Answer: Telegraph stations, factories,
power supplies, railways
◉ Who allowed the Petrograd Soviet and PG to communicate?
Answer: Alexander Kerensky, a member of both bodies
◉ How did the Petrograd Soviet view its role in relation to the PG?
Answer: Like a "watchdog", there to protect the interests of the
working classes but not to directly intervene
◉ What was the Kerensky Offensive? Answer: June 1917 offensive
against the Austrians
, ◉ Why did Kerensky decide to attempt an offensive? Answer: He
believed military success would help unite Russia
◉ Why did the Kerensky offensive fail? (4) Answer: Low morale,
desertions before the battle, mutinies and desertions during the
offensive, army ill-equipped
◉ How many soldiers deserted before the Kerensky offensive?
Answer: 170,000
◉ How many Russian soldiers died in the Kerensky offensive?
Answer: 400,000
◉ What was the social consequence of soldiers mutinying and
deserting? Answer: Armed soldiers roamed the countryside, descent
into chaos and violence
◉ Who resigned from government in July 1917 in protest against the
continuing war? Answer: Kadet ministers
◉ What were the July Days? Answer: Mass demonstrations in
Petrograd against the PG and the war
