longshore drift - CORRECT ANSWER-The movement of water and
sediment down a beach caused by waves coming into shore at an angle.
the uk moves material from west to east
how are beaches formed - CORRECT ANSWER-when material is
transported by longshore drift and deposited by constructive waves.
where are sandy beaches found - CORRECT ANSWER-sheltered bays,
they have shallow gradients
where are pebble beaches formed - CORRECT ANSWER-areas where
cliffs have been eroded by high energy waves, they have a steep
gradient
,spit - CORRECT ANSWER-narrow ridge of shingle stretching out into
coastline, forms due to longshore drift at a change of coastline. shingle
gets deposited
bar - CORRECT ANSWER-ridge of shingle that extends across a bay/rive
mouth. behind it, fresh/saltwater forms a lagoon.
settlement affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-20million people
live near the coast. 29 villages lost due to coastal erosion
tourism affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-13% jobs at Dawlish
are tourism. coasts often managed for tourists (with groynes etc)
infrastructure affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-
roads/railways/shipping ports/oil refineries.
esso sees 2000 ships dock every year
construction affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-dredging the
sea to construct ports can have adverse affects on wildlife. they can
also adjust the sediment cells
,agriculture affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-farmland will be
impacted due to sea level rise because of increased coastal erosion
because it's low economic value and low priority in management
bournemouth beach - CORRECT ANSWER-tourism, settlement and
infrastructure
southampton port - CORRECT ANSWER-settlement, infrastructure,
construction
holderness coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-agriculture, settlement
how was dawlish affected by coastal erosion - CORRECT ANSWER-south
devon
roads, railways, homes damaged due to storms in 2014
rising sea level uk - CORRECT ANSWER-english channel expected to rise
15cm by 2030, caused by thermal expansion and melting ice
sheets/glaciers
what is a storm/storm surge - CORRECT ANSWER-large increase in sea
level due to a storm. strong winds drive up the waves, whilst low
pressure allows the sea level to rise up 3m above normal.
, winter UK 2014 storms - CORRECT ANSWER-UK hit by a series of low
pressure systems, bringing heavy rainfall and extremely strong winds.
some areas of the south west had their wettest january since records
began
hold the line - CORRECT ANSWER-maintain the existing coastline with
defences
managed realignment - CORRECT ANSWER-allow the shoreline to
change naturally, but manage the process and the impacts
advance the line - CORRECT ANSWER-build new defences on the
seaward side
sea wall - CORRECT ANSWER--protects base of cliff. made of resistant
concrete that deflects energy
-expensive and ugly, restricts access
groynes - CORRECT ANSWER--maintain a wide beach and attract
tourists
-high maintenance cost, could impact other areas of coastline in
sediment starvation
sediment down a beach caused by waves coming into shore at an angle.
the uk moves material from west to east
how are beaches formed - CORRECT ANSWER-when material is
transported by longshore drift and deposited by constructive waves.
where are sandy beaches found - CORRECT ANSWER-sheltered bays,
they have shallow gradients
where are pebble beaches formed - CORRECT ANSWER-areas where
cliffs have been eroded by high energy waves, they have a steep
gradient
,spit - CORRECT ANSWER-narrow ridge of shingle stretching out into
coastline, forms due to longshore drift at a change of coastline. shingle
gets deposited
bar - CORRECT ANSWER-ridge of shingle that extends across a bay/rive
mouth. behind it, fresh/saltwater forms a lagoon.
settlement affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-20million people
live near the coast. 29 villages lost due to coastal erosion
tourism affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-13% jobs at Dawlish
are tourism. coasts often managed for tourists (with groynes etc)
infrastructure affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-
roads/railways/shipping ports/oil refineries.
esso sees 2000 ships dock every year
construction affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-dredging the
sea to construct ports can have adverse affects on wildlife. they can
also adjust the sediment cells
,agriculture affecting the coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-farmland will be
impacted due to sea level rise because of increased coastal erosion
because it's low economic value and low priority in management
bournemouth beach - CORRECT ANSWER-tourism, settlement and
infrastructure
southampton port - CORRECT ANSWER-settlement, infrastructure,
construction
holderness coastline - CORRECT ANSWER-agriculture, settlement
how was dawlish affected by coastal erosion - CORRECT ANSWER-south
devon
roads, railways, homes damaged due to storms in 2014
rising sea level uk - CORRECT ANSWER-english channel expected to rise
15cm by 2030, caused by thermal expansion and melting ice
sheets/glaciers
what is a storm/storm surge - CORRECT ANSWER-large increase in sea
level due to a storm. strong winds drive up the waves, whilst low
pressure allows the sea level to rise up 3m above normal.
, winter UK 2014 storms - CORRECT ANSWER-UK hit by a series of low
pressure systems, bringing heavy rainfall and extremely strong winds.
some areas of the south west had their wettest january since records
began
hold the line - CORRECT ANSWER-maintain the existing coastline with
defences
managed realignment - CORRECT ANSWER-allow the shoreline to
change naturally, but manage the process and the impacts
advance the line - CORRECT ANSWER-build new defences on the
seaward side
sea wall - CORRECT ANSWER--protects base of cliff. made of resistant
concrete that deflects energy
-expensive and ugly, restricts access
groynes - CORRECT ANSWER--maintain a wide beach and attract
tourists
-high maintenance cost, could impact other areas of coastline in
sediment starvation
