MED SURG II HESI MIDTERM EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔A client's bone marrow report reveals normal stem cells and precursors of
platelets (megakaryocytes) in the presence of decreased circulating platelets. The nurse
recognizes a knowledge deficit when the client makes which of the following
statements?
1. "I need to stop flossing and throw away my hard toothbrush."
2. "I am glad that my report turned out normal."
3. "Now I know why I have all these bruises."
4. "I shouldn't jump off that last step anymore." - ✔✔2. "I am glad that my report turned
out normal."
✔✔The nurse should assess a client with thrombocytopenia who has developed a
hemorrhage for which of the following?
1. Tachycardia.
2. Bradycardia.
3. Decreased PaCO2.
4. Narrowed pulse pressure. - ✔✔1. Tachycardia
✔✔The client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) asks the nurse why it is
necessary to take steroids. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. Steroids destroy the antibodies and prolong the life of platelets.
2. Steroids neutralize the antigens and prolong the life of platelets.
3. Steroids increase phagocytosis and increase the life of platelets.
4. Steroids alter the spleen's recognition of platelets and increase the life of platelets. -
✔✔4. Steroids alter the spleen's recognition of platelets and increase the life of
platelets.
✔✔A client is to be discharged on prednisone. Which of the following statements
indicates that the client understands important concepts about the medication therapy?
1. "I need to take the medicine in divided doses at morning and bedtime."
2. "I am to take 40 mg of prednisone for 2 months and then stop."
3. "I need to wear or carry identification that I am taking prednisone."
4. "Prednisone will give me extra protection from colds and flu." - ✔✔3. "I need to wear
or carry identification that I am taking prednisone."
✔✔When teaching the client older than age 50 who is receiving long-term
prednisone therapy, the nurse should recommend which of the following?
1. Take the prednisone with food.
, 2. Take over-the-counter drugs as needed.
3. Exercise three to four times a week.
4. Eat foods that are low in potassium. - ✔✔1. Take the prednisone with food.
✔✔The nurse is preparing a teaching plan about increased exercise for a female client
who is receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy. What type of exercise is most
appropriate for this client?
1. Floor exercises.
2. Stretching.
3. Running.
4. Walking. - ✔✔4. Walking
✔✔The nurse is teaching a female client with a history of acquired
thrombocytopenia about how to prevent and control hemorrhage. Which statement
indicates that the client needs further instruction?
1. "I can apply direct pressure over small cuts for at least 5 to 10 minutes to stop a
venous bleed."
2. "I can count the number of tissues saturated to detect blood loss during a nosebleed."
3. "I can take hormones to decrease blood loss during menses."
4. "I can count the number of sanitary napkins to detect excess blood loss during
menses." - ✔✔2. "I can count the number of tissues saturated to detect blood loss
during a nosebleed."
✔✔A client has been on long-term prednisone therapy. The nurse should instruct the
client to consume a diet high in which of the following? Select all that apply.
1. Carbohydrate.
2. Protein.
3. Trans fat.
4. Potassium.
5. Calcium.
6. Vitamin D. - ✔✔2. Protein.
4. Potassium.
5. Calcium.
6. Vitamin D.
✔✔Platelets should not be administered under which of the following conditions?
1. The platelet bag is cold.
2. The platelets are 2 days old.
3. The platelet bag is at room temperature.
4. The platelets are 12 hours old. - ✔✔1. The platelet bag is cold.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔A client's bone marrow report reveals normal stem cells and precursors of
platelets (megakaryocytes) in the presence of decreased circulating platelets. The nurse
recognizes a knowledge deficit when the client makes which of the following
statements?
1. "I need to stop flossing and throw away my hard toothbrush."
2. "I am glad that my report turned out normal."
3. "Now I know why I have all these bruises."
4. "I shouldn't jump off that last step anymore." - ✔✔2. "I am glad that my report turned
out normal."
✔✔The nurse should assess a client with thrombocytopenia who has developed a
hemorrhage for which of the following?
1. Tachycardia.
2. Bradycardia.
3. Decreased PaCO2.
4. Narrowed pulse pressure. - ✔✔1. Tachycardia
✔✔The client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) asks the nurse why it is
necessary to take steroids. Which is the nurse's best response?
1. Steroids destroy the antibodies and prolong the life of platelets.
2. Steroids neutralize the antigens and prolong the life of platelets.
3. Steroids increase phagocytosis and increase the life of platelets.
4. Steroids alter the spleen's recognition of platelets and increase the life of platelets. -
✔✔4. Steroids alter the spleen's recognition of platelets and increase the life of
platelets.
✔✔A client is to be discharged on prednisone. Which of the following statements
indicates that the client understands important concepts about the medication therapy?
1. "I need to take the medicine in divided doses at morning and bedtime."
2. "I am to take 40 mg of prednisone for 2 months and then stop."
3. "I need to wear or carry identification that I am taking prednisone."
4. "Prednisone will give me extra protection from colds and flu." - ✔✔3. "I need to wear
or carry identification that I am taking prednisone."
✔✔When teaching the client older than age 50 who is receiving long-term
prednisone therapy, the nurse should recommend which of the following?
1. Take the prednisone with food.
, 2. Take over-the-counter drugs as needed.
3. Exercise three to four times a week.
4. Eat foods that are low in potassium. - ✔✔1. Take the prednisone with food.
✔✔The nurse is preparing a teaching plan about increased exercise for a female client
who is receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy. What type of exercise is most
appropriate for this client?
1. Floor exercises.
2. Stretching.
3. Running.
4. Walking. - ✔✔4. Walking
✔✔The nurse is teaching a female client with a history of acquired
thrombocytopenia about how to prevent and control hemorrhage. Which statement
indicates that the client needs further instruction?
1. "I can apply direct pressure over small cuts for at least 5 to 10 minutes to stop a
venous bleed."
2. "I can count the number of tissues saturated to detect blood loss during a nosebleed."
3. "I can take hormones to decrease blood loss during menses."
4. "I can count the number of sanitary napkins to detect excess blood loss during
menses." - ✔✔2. "I can count the number of tissues saturated to detect blood loss
during a nosebleed."
✔✔A client has been on long-term prednisone therapy. The nurse should instruct the
client to consume a diet high in which of the following? Select all that apply.
1. Carbohydrate.
2. Protein.
3. Trans fat.
4. Potassium.
5. Calcium.
6. Vitamin D. - ✔✔2. Protein.
4. Potassium.
5. Calcium.
6. Vitamin D.
✔✔Platelets should not be administered under which of the following conditions?
1. The platelet bag is cold.
2. The platelets are 2 days old.
3. The platelet bag is at room temperature.
4. The platelets are 12 hours old. - ✔✔1. The platelet bag is cold.
