FIREFIGHTER MOD A 2026 EXAM TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Heat Sources- Nuclear - ✔✔Generates heat from radioactive material that are very
unstable and are constantly breaking down as they seek to form a stable molecular
composition
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- Conduction - ✔✔Is the transfer of heat within a body or to
another body by direct contact. Heat flow through and between solid objects
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- convection - ✔✔Transfer of heat energy from a fluid (liquid
or gas) to a solid surface
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- Radiation - ✔✔Transmission of energy as an
electromagnetic wave (such as light waves, radio waves, or X-rays) without an
intervening medium
✔✔Physical state of fuels- solids - ✔✔Have a definite size and shape and react
differently when exposed to heat
✔✔Physical state of fuels- Liquids - ✔✔Have mass and volume but no definite shape
except for a flat surface. Liquids assume the shape of their container
1. Can flow downhill
2. Pool in low areas
3. Density of liquids is compared to that of water
4. Has a specific gravity of 1
✔✔Physical State of fuels- Gas - ✔✔Have mass but no definite shape or volume. A gas
placed in a container will diffuse and completely fill the available space
1. Depending on their density relative to air
2. Density of air is 1
✔✔Fire conditions- Ignition/ Incipient - ✔✔The incipient stage begins with ignition. The
point when the three elements of the fire triangle come together and combustion occurs
✔✔Fire conditions- Growth/Freeburning - ✔✔Starting out as small flames the fire begins
to grow, other combustibles heat up, liberate flammable gases, and ignite, spreading
the chain reaction to other flammables and results in an increase in fire size; Speed of
the growth and ultimately the size of the fire are dependent on:
1. Oxygen supply
2. Fuel
3. Container size
, 4. Insulation
✔✔Fire Conditions- Fully developed - ✔✔Occurs when all combustible materials in the
compartment are burning
1. Releasing maximum amount of heat
2. Large volumes of fire gases
3. The fire is ventilation controlled
✔✔Fire Conditions- Decay/Hot Smoldering - ✔✔As the fuel is consumed or it the
oxygen concentration falls to the point where flaming combustion can no longer be
supported
1. Consumption of fuel
2. Limited ventilation
✔✔Fire Conditions- Flashover - ✔✔Rapid transition between the growth and the fully
developed fire stages but is not a
specific event such as ignition
1. Fire
2. Load
3. Ventilation profile
4. Thermal properties
✔✔Fire Conditions- Rollover/Flameover - ✔✔Condition where the unburned fire gases
accumulated at the top of a compartment ignite and flames propagate through the hot
gas layer or across the ceiling
1. Fire gas ignition
2. Indicator of impending flashover
3. Usually occurs during the growth stage
4. Different than flashover due to only the fire gases at the upper levels of the
compartment and not the other fuel packages within a compartment
✔✔Process of thermal layering - ✔✔A. Tendency of gases to form into layers according
to temperature
1. Heat stratification
2. Thermal balance
B. Gases confined within a compartment
1. Heated
2. Pressure increases
3. Increased pressure - higher temperatures
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Heat Sources- Nuclear - ✔✔Generates heat from radioactive material that are very
unstable and are constantly breaking down as they seek to form a stable molecular
composition
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- Conduction - ✔✔Is the transfer of heat within a body or to
another body by direct contact. Heat flow through and between solid objects
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- convection - ✔✔Transfer of heat energy from a fluid (liquid
or gas) to a solid surface
✔✔Methods of heat transfer- Radiation - ✔✔Transmission of energy as an
electromagnetic wave (such as light waves, radio waves, or X-rays) without an
intervening medium
✔✔Physical state of fuels- solids - ✔✔Have a definite size and shape and react
differently when exposed to heat
✔✔Physical state of fuels- Liquids - ✔✔Have mass and volume but no definite shape
except for a flat surface. Liquids assume the shape of their container
1. Can flow downhill
2. Pool in low areas
3. Density of liquids is compared to that of water
4. Has a specific gravity of 1
✔✔Physical State of fuels- Gas - ✔✔Have mass but no definite shape or volume. A gas
placed in a container will diffuse and completely fill the available space
1. Depending on their density relative to air
2. Density of air is 1
✔✔Fire conditions- Ignition/ Incipient - ✔✔The incipient stage begins with ignition. The
point when the three elements of the fire triangle come together and combustion occurs
✔✔Fire conditions- Growth/Freeburning - ✔✔Starting out as small flames the fire begins
to grow, other combustibles heat up, liberate flammable gases, and ignite, spreading
the chain reaction to other flammables and results in an increase in fire size; Speed of
the growth and ultimately the size of the fire are dependent on:
1. Oxygen supply
2. Fuel
3. Container size
, 4. Insulation
✔✔Fire Conditions- Fully developed - ✔✔Occurs when all combustible materials in the
compartment are burning
1. Releasing maximum amount of heat
2. Large volumes of fire gases
3. The fire is ventilation controlled
✔✔Fire Conditions- Decay/Hot Smoldering - ✔✔As the fuel is consumed or it the
oxygen concentration falls to the point where flaming combustion can no longer be
supported
1. Consumption of fuel
2. Limited ventilation
✔✔Fire Conditions- Flashover - ✔✔Rapid transition between the growth and the fully
developed fire stages but is not a
specific event such as ignition
1. Fire
2. Load
3. Ventilation profile
4. Thermal properties
✔✔Fire Conditions- Rollover/Flameover - ✔✔Condition where the unburned fire gases
accumulated at the top of a compartment ignite and flames propagate through the hot
gas layer or across the ceiling
1. Fire gas ignition
2. Indicator of impending flashover
3. Usually occurs during the growth stage
4. Different than flashover due to only the fire gases at the upper levels of the
compartment and not the other fuel packages within a compartment
✔✔Process of thermal layering - ✔✔A. Tendency of gases to form into layers according
to temperature
1. Heat stratification
2. Thermal balance
B. Gases confined within a compartment
1. Heated
2. Pressure increases
3. Increased pressure - higher temperatures
