What is the cause of chalking in epoxy coating - ANSWER UV or radiation exposure
Hot applied tape application? - ANSWER Must be 50% overlap for both Hot and Cold
Minimum overlap of 50 mm (2")
Anchor the end or the tape
Ensure the tape is completely shrunk
Do NOT trap a,nr uder the tape!
What is polymerization cured coating? - ANSWER Two parts mixed together just prior to
use
:Three main products that are transported by pipelines? - ANSWER • Oil
• Gas
• Water
Examples of non-convertible coatings - ANSWER 1. Chlorinated rubber 2. Vinyl 3. Acrylic
4. Bituminous
There are two ways to tell If the hot applied coating tape Is fully shrunk: - ANSWER • The
tape will shrink down tightly to the pipe surface
• The adhesive flows out from the edges of the hot tape
Non-convertible curing def. - ANSWER No chemical change during cure cycle
1
,Convertible curing def. - ANSWER Some chemical change during cure cycle
After fully shrinking tape, do the following checks: - ANSWER • Look for adhesive bleed-
out
• Feel for air pockets
• Look for holidays
• Repair holidays per the owner's specification
What info should be included when sending samples to a lab? - ANSWER 1. Identity of
materials 2. Properly packed/labeled samples 3. Chain of custody form 4. Type of analysis
that is expected and the concentrations of interest
*Gathering pipelines - ANSWER Collect raw gas from wells and ships to plants for Pro-
cessing.
Specialized tests or equipment coating inspectors may encounter - ANSWER 1. AA/AE
Atomic Absorption/Emission 2. ISP Induction coupled plasma Spectrometer 3. GLC Gas liquid
chromatographs 4. IR, FTIR, FTIR-ATR INfrared spectrophotometers 5. DSC Differential scan-
ning calorimeters
What Color are FBE Joints - ANSWER • Typically green or red
• Dual powder is a two-layer fusion bond coating
What is a cathodic dis-bondment test? - ANSWER Procedure to determine how easily a
coating loosens from a substrate or develops holidays as a result of normal soil potentials
Individuals who perform surveys - ANSWER 1. O-Cat or S-cat tech 2. NACE coating spe-
cialist 3. NACE Level III 4. Coating Inspector w/field experience 5. Coating manufacturer rep-
resentative 6. Maintenence engineer with specific plant knowledge.
2
,FBE Field Joint Surface Preparation - ANSWER • Pre-clean the area using the specified
method
• Abrade the surface
according to the
specification
• Pre-heat the surface
according to the
specification
• Apply the required repair method according to the specification
Coating survey steps - ANSWER 1. Understand scope 2. Gather team 3. Develop survey
plan 4. Review standards 5. Agree on format 6. Delegate various tasks 7. Eveluate existing
coating 8. Delegate various tasks 9. Evaluate existing coating 10. Gather additional info 11.
Summarize data 12. Prepare maintenance plans 13. Prepare reports/input data 14. Submit
final survey reports.
List some of the primary reasons surveys are performed - ANSWER 1. Plan maintenance.
2. Prioritize work 3. Budgetary concerns 4. Determine value of assets 5. Legal compliance
Definition of a coating survey - ANSWER Gather baseline info needed to plan mainte-
nance coating procedures
What are faying surfaces and why not galvanize them? - ANSWER Surfaces that depend
on friction to hold galvanizing it may/will reduce friction if they are galvanized
FBE Field Joint Quality Control - ANSWER • Pre-blast Inspection
• Pre-cleaning
• Ambient conditions
• Blast cleanliness or abrade according to the specification
• Anchor profile
3
, • Ensure correct coating is being used
• Check the powder thickness
• Verify the application procedures
• Verify the OFT
• Check for holidays
• Document and report each step
Common problems seen during the usual inspections of HD galvanized items - ANSWER
1. Cracking 2. Peeling 3. Bare spots 4. Lumps 5. Blisters 6. Flux inclusions 7. Ash inclusions 8.
Dross inclusions
Post galvanizing treatments and why - ANSWER To Remove Thickness: Roll, Wipe, Centri-
fuge/Air Blast
To change properties/To alloy: Annealing
What is Petroleum (Wax) Tapes - ANSWER • Composed of a synthetic fabric, filled with a
petrolatum compound, fillers and anti-corrosion agents
• Creates a solid water barrier
Excellent strength/very good
abrasion resistance
Good resistance to acids,
alkalis, salts, and bacteria
• Uses Include:
- Pipeline joints and bends
- Flanges
- Valves
Temperature range for galvanizing kettle - ANSWER 820-850 F
4
Hot applied tape application? - ANSWER Must be 50% overlap for both Hot and Cold
Minimum overlap of 50 mm (2")
Anchor the end or the tape
Ensure the tape is completely shrunk
Do NOT trap a,nr uder the tape!
What is polymerization cured coating? - ANSWER Two parts mixed together just prior to
use
:Three main products that are transported by pipelines? - ANSWER • Oil
• Gas
• Water
Examples of non-convertible coatings - ANSWER 1. Chlorinated rubber 2. Vinyl 3. Acrylic
4. Bituminous
There are two ways to tell If the hot applied coating tape Is fully shrunk: - ANSWER • The
tape will shrink down tightly to the pipe surface
• The adhesive flows out from the edges of the hot tape
Non-convertible curing def. - ANSWER No chemical change during cure cycle
1
,Convertible curing def. - ANSWER Some chemical change during cure cycle
After fully shrinking tape, do the following checks: - ANSWER • Look for adhesive bleed-
out
• Feel for air pockets
• Look for holidays
• Repair holidays per the owner's specification
What info should be included when sending samples to a lab? - ANSWER 1. Identity of
materials 2. Properly packed/labeled samples 3. Chain of custody form 4. Type of analysis
that is expected and the concentrations of interest
*Gathering pipelines - ANSWER Collect raw gas from wells and ships to plants for Pro-
cessing.
Specialized tests or equipment coating inspectors may encounter - ANSWER 1. AA/AE
Atomic Absorption/Emission 2. ISP Induction coupled plasma Spectrometer 3. GLC Gas liquid
chromatographs 4. IR, FTIR, FTIR-ATR INfrared spectrophotometers 5. DSC Differential scan-
ning calorimeters
What Color are FBE Joints - ANSWER • Typically green or red
• Dual powder is a two-layer fusion bond coating
What is a cathodic dis-bondment test? - ANSWER Procedure to determine how easily a
coating loosens from a substrate or develops holidays as a result of normal soil potentials
Individuals who perform surveys - ANSWER 1. O-Cat or S-cat tech 2. NACE coating spe-
cialist 3. NACE Level III 4. Coating Inspector w/field experience 5. Coating manufacturer rep-
resentative 6. Maintenence engineer with specific plant knowledge.
2
,FBE Field Joint Surface Preparation - ANSWER • Pre-clean the area using the specified
method
• Abrade the surface
according to the
specification
• Pre-heat the surface
according to the
specification
• Apply the required repair method according to the specification
Coating survey steps - ANSWER 1. Understand scope 2. Gather team 3. Develop survey
plan 4. Review standards 5. Agree on format 6. Delegate various tasks 7. Eveluate existing
coating 8. Delegate various tasks 9. Evaluate existing coating 10. Gather additional info 11.
Summarize data 12. Prepare maintenance plans 13. Prepare reports/input data 14. Submit
final survey reports.
List some of the primary reasons surveys are performed - ANSWER 1. Plan maintenance.
2. Prioritize work 3. Budgetary concerns 4. Determine value of assets 5. Legal compliance
Definition of a coating survey - ANSWER Gather baseline info needed to plan mainte-
nance coating procedures
What are faying surfaces and why not galvanize them? - ANSWER Surfaces that depend
on friction to hold galvanizing it may/will reduce friction if they are galvanized
FBE Field Joint Quality Control - ANSWER • Pre-blast Inspection
• Pre-cleaning
• Ambient conditions
• Blast cleanliness or abrade according to the specification
• Anchor profile
3
, • Ensure correct coating is being used
• Check the powder thickness
• Verify the application procedures
• Verify the OFT
• Check for holidays
• Document and report each step
Common problems seen during the usual inspections of HD galvanized items - ANSWER
1. Cracking 2. Peeling 3. Bare spots 4. Lumps 5. Blisters 6. Flux inclusions 7. Ash inclusions 8.
Dross inclusions
Post galvanizing treatments and why - ANSWER To Remove Thickness: Roll, Wipe, Centri-
fuge/Air Blast
To change properties/To alloy: Annealing
What is Petroleum (Wax) Tapes - ANSWER • Composed of a synthetic fabric, filled with a
petrolatum compound, fillers and anti-corrosion agents
• Creates a solid water barrier
Excellent strength/very good
abrasion resistance
Good resistance to acids,
alkalis, salts, and bacteria
• Uses Include:
- Pipeline joints and bends
- Flanges
- Valves
Temperature range for galvanizing kettle - ANSWER 820-850 F
4
