NUR 257 Exam 2: (Latest 2026/2027 Update) Pediatric Respiratory, Dermatology,
Infectious Diseases, Burns | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Nursing Care of Children | Pediatric Health Review
SUBJECT COURSE FORMAT
Pediatric Nursing / Respiratory / NUR 257 Exam 2 Q&A with Rationales
Dermatology / Infectious Disease
Q1
What is a pancreatic enzyme used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Prevent pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis patients; should be taken with each meal and snack
R AT I O N A L E
• Pancreatic enzymes (pancrelipase) replace missing enzymes in CF patients who cannot digest fats and proteins.
Q2
How should ear drops be administered in children?
CORRECT ANSWER
0-3 years old: pull pinna down and back; 3 years and up: pull pinna up and back
R AT I O N A L E
• Younger children have a straighter eustachian tube; pulling pinna down/back straightens ear canal.
Q3
What are side effects of asthma medications (bronchodilators)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Takes 10-15 minutes to complete; nervous, heart rate increased, jittery
R AT I O N A L E
• Beta-agonists (albuterol) cause tachycardia, tremors, and nervousness due to sympathetic stimulation.
Q4
What is status asthmaticus?
CORRECT ANSWER
Life-threatening episode of airway obstruction that is unresponsive to common treatment
R AT I O N A L E
• Medical emergency requiring hospitalization, continuous monitoring, and aggressive therapy (IV steroids, magnesium, epinephrine).
, Q5
What is important when applying corticosteroid cream for eczema?
CORRECT ANSWER
Be sure to have the correct height and weight to ensure safe dose for the patient
R AT I O N A L E
• Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed systemically; dosage based on body surface area.
Q6
What are signs of Pediculosis Capitis (head lice)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Intense itching, small red bumps on scalp, nits (white specks) on hair shaft; avoid home remedies for treatment
R AT I O N A L E
• Treatment with permethrin 1% (Nix) or pyrethrins (Rid); manual removal of nits with fine-tooth comb.
Q7
What is eczema (atopic dermatitis)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Inflammatory skin disease; cannot be cured but can be well controlled; change diapers frequently and avoid irritants
R AT I O N A L E
• Management includes moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and trigger avoidance.
Q8
What are risk factors for acne?
CORRECT ANSWER
Genetics, hormone fluctuations, cosmetics, exposure to grease, diet (high glycemic index food and dairy)
R AT I O N A L E
• Most common skin condition during adolescence.
Q9
What is Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Child with fever and "slapped cheek" rash on face that spreads to body; fever, runny nose, headache before rash
R AT I O N A L E
• Also called erythema infectiosum; self-limiting; can cause aplastic crisis in sickle cell patients.
Infectious Diseases, Burns | Q&A | Grade A | 100% Correct (Verified Answers)
Nursing Care of Children | Pediatric Health Review
SUBJECT COURSE FORMAT
Pediatric Nursing / Respiratory / NUR 257 Exam 2 Q&A with Rationales
Dermatology / Infectious Disease
Q1
What is a pancreatic enzyme used for?
CORRECT ANSWER
Prevent pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis patients; should be taken with each meal and snack
R AT I O N A L E
• Pancreatic enzymes (pancrelipase) replace missing enzymes in CF patients who cannot digest fats and proteins.
Q2
How should ear drops be administered in children?
CORRECT ANSWER
0-3 years old: pull pinna down and back; 3 years and up: pull pinna up and back
R AT I O N A L E
• Younger children have a straighter eustachian tube; pulling pinna down/back straightens ear canal.
Q3
What are side effects of asthma medications (bronchodilators)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Takes 10-15 minutes to complete; nervous, heart rate increased, jittery
R AT I O N A L E
• Beta-agonists (albuterol) cause tachycardia, tremors, and nervousness due to sympathetic stimulation.
Q4
What is status asthmaticus?
CORRECT ANSWER
Life-threatening episode of airway obstruction that is unresponsive to common treatment
R AT I O N A L E
• Medical emergency requiring hospitalization, continuous monitoring, and aggressive therapy (IV steroids, magnesium, epinephrine).
, Q5
What is important when applying corticosteroid cream for eczema?
CORRECT ANSWER
Be sure to have the correct height and weight to ensure safe dose for the patient
R AT I O N A L E
• Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed systemically; dosage based on body surface area.
Q6
What are signs of Pediculosis Capitis (head lice)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Intense itching, small red bumps on scalp, nits (white specks) on hair shaft; avoid home remedies for treatment
R AT I O N A L E
• Treatment with permethrin 1% (Nix) or pyrethrins (Rid); manual removal of nits with fine-tooth comb.
Q7
What is eczema (atopic dermatitis)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Inflammatory skin disease; cannot be cured but can be well controlled; change diapers frequently and avoid irritants
R AT I O N A L E
• Management includes moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, and trigger avoidance.
Q8
What are risk factors for acne?
CORRECT ANSWER
Genetics, hormone fluctuations, cosmetics, exposure to grease, diet (high glycemic index food and dairy)
R AT I O N A L E
• Most common skin condition during adolescence.
Q9
What is Fifth Disease (Parvovirus B19)?
CORRECT ANSWER
Child with fever and "slapped cheek" rash on face that spreads to body; fever, runny nose, headache before rash
R AT I O N A L E
• Also called erythema infectiosum; self-limiting; can cause aplastic crisis in sickle cell patients.
