EXAM
Exam Solution
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KAISER EKG 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLU
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TIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (18F11)
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QUESTION 1 +t
Term
ANSWER
Definition
QUESTION 2 +t
depolarization
ANSWER
- inside of cell becomes positive, outside negative - contraction - na+ channel opens - ELECTRICAL
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QUESTION 3 +t
repolarization
ANSWER
movement of cells = inside is negative again - na+ channels close, k+ channels open - MECHANICAL
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QUESTION 4 +t
p wave qrs wave t wave
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ANSWER
- (p) atrial depolarization - (qrs) ventricular depolarization - (t) ventricular repolarization
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QUESTION 5 +t
, refractory period +t
ANSWER
per of time where cardiac cells cannot respond to stimulus
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QUESTION 6 +t
absolute refractory period +t +t
ANSWER
beginning of qrs to peak of t wave +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 7 +t
relative refractory (vulnerable per of repolarization)
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ANSWER
- cardiac cells have repolarized enough to respond to strong stimulus -
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during this per a strong stimulus may overtake the pacemaker of the heart -
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ex. PVC during vulnerable period may turn into vtach or torsades -
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prolonged QT interval inc possibility
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QUESTION 8 +t
causes of prolonged qt intervals
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ANSWER
haldol, bradycardia, hypokalemia
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QUESTION 9 +t
automaticity
ANSWER
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate electrical impulse
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QUESTION 10 +t
excitability
ANSWER
ability of muscle cells to respond to outside stimulus
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Exam Solution
+t
KAISER EKG 2026 A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLU
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t
TIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (18F11)
+t +t +t +t
QUESTION 1 +t
Term
ANSWER
Definition
QUESTION 2 +t
depolarization
ANSWER
- inside of cell becomes positive, outside negative - contraction - na+ channel opens - ELECTRICAL
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 3 +t
repolarization
ANSWER
movement of cells = inside is negative again - na+ channels close, k+ channels open - MECHANICAL
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 4 +t
p wave qrs wave t wave
+t +t +t +t +t
ANSWER
- (p) atrial depolarization - (qrs) ventricular depolarization - (t) ventricular repolarization
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 5 +t
, refractory period +t
ANSWER
per of time where cardiac cells cannot respond to stimulus
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 6 +t
absolute refractory period +t +t
ANSWER
beginning of qrs to peak of t wave +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 7 +t
relative refractory (vulnerable per of repolarization)
+t +t +t +t +t
ANSWER
- cardiac cells have repolarized enough to respond to strong stimulus -
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during this per a strong stimulus may overtake the pacemaker of the heart -
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
ex. PVC during vulnerable period may turn into vtach or torsades -
+t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t +t
prolonged QT interval inc possibility
+t +t +t +t +t
QUESTION 8 +t
causes of prolonged qt intervals
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ANSWER
haldol, bradycardia, hypokalemia
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QUESTION 9 +t
automaticity
ANSWER
ability of pacemaker cells to initiate electrical impulse
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QUESTION 10 +t
excitability
ANSWER
ability of muscle cells to respond to outside stimulus
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