NUl 185/l NU185l Examl 1–l Medical-
Surgicall Nursingl IIl Guidel |l Galenl
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l 100%l
Verifiedl Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l Properl canel use
Answer:
1.l Canel heightl isl adjustedl sol elbowl isl flexedl 20-30l degrees
2.l Canl isl heldl inl contralaterall hand
3.l Canel movesl forwardl withl thel involvedl extremity
Q:l Canel usel onl stairs
Answer:
UPl withl thel GOODl andl DOWNl withl thel BAD
Q:l Properl Walkerl technique
Answer:
ol Pushl forwardl aboutl 6"l (orl whateverl iscomfortablel forl thel patient),l handl grapsl shouldl
bel atl thel wristsl whenl relaxedl
ol Advancel weakl leg,l thenl strongl leg
Q:l Osteoporosis
Answer:
Thel lossl ofl bonel massl oftenl duel tol age,l causingl thel bonesl tol becomel porous,l brittle,l
andl easilyl fractured.
,Q:l osteoporosisl causes
Answer:
aging;l morel commonl inl womenl duel tol lossl ofl estrogen,l insufficientl vitaminl d,l calcium,l
andl protein,l longl terml steroidl use/autol immunel dieases,l smoking,l chronicl disease,l
excessivel caffienel orl alcoholl intake,l sedentaryl lifestyle,l poorl nutrition
Q:l whyl wouldl syntheticl parathyroidl hormonel bel al txl optionl forl osteoporosis
Answer:
thel parthyroidl glandl controlsl calciuml absorptionl intol thel bones,l RFl stroke/cancer,l liverl
disease,l estrogenl dependentl cancers
Q:l sourcesl ofl calcium
Answer:
Dairyl productsl (milk,l cheese,l yogurt),l fish,l bread,l greenl vegetables,l salmon,l citrusl fruits
Q:l Medicationsl tol quitl smoking
Answer:
Nicotinel replacementl therapyl (NRT)—transdermall patch,l nicotinel inhaler,l nicotinel patch,l
Zyban,l Wellbutrin,l Chantix
Q:l Sourcesl ofl Vitaminl D
Answer:
sunlight,l fortifiedl milk,l fishl liverl oils
Q:l Sourcesl ofl protein
,Answer:
Meat,l fishl andl cheesel andl eggs.
Q:l calcitonin
Answer:
pushesl calciuml intol thel bones,l helpsl withbonel stabilityl withl osteo
Q:l Bisphosphonates
Answer:
Fosamax:l inhibitl bonel resorptionl usedl inl osteoporosis.l AE:l dysphagia,l esophageall ulcer.l
Helpsl withl calciuml andl vitimanl Dl absorbtion
Nursing:l Jawl bonel necrosis,l takel 1stl thingl inl thel morningl w/ol food,l 8ozl ofl water,l
remainl uprightl forl 1hrl afterl takingl tol preventl esophogeall irritation,l ifl dosel missed-skip,l
30l minsl beforel anyl otherl meds
Q:l osteoporosisl ques
Answer:
kyphosis,l atraumaticl fractures,l shorteningl inl heightl
DEXAl SCANl DX
Q:l osteoporosisl ptl teaching
Answer:
diet,l safety,l medications,l weightl baringl exersizel 30l minsl 3xl perl week,l stopl smokingl etc
Q:l cardiovascularl complicationsl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
, Decreasedl cardiacl outputl withl reducedl forcel ofl cardiacl contractionl resultsl froml al lackl
ofl physicall activity.l Immobilityl causingl decreasedl usel ofl legl musclesl leadsl tol venousl
stasisl andl potentiall formationl ofl bloodl clots
Q:l respiratoryl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Reducedl lungl expansionl andl consequentl reducedl gasl exchangel withl potentiall forl
atelectasisl andl poolingl ofl secretionsl occursl withl immobility.l Reducedl coughl effortl alongl
withl pooledl secretionsl predisposesl tol stasisl pneumonia
Q:l muskuloskeletall compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Prolongedl immobilityl leadsl tol reducedl musclel massl andl atrophy.l Demineralizationl ofl
bonesl occursl withl lackl ofl weightl bearing;l osteoporosisl mayl occur.
Q:l integumentaryl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Skinl breakdownl mayl occurl froml al reducedl flowl ofl oxygenatedl bloodl froml pressurel onl
thel skinl resultingl froml immobility.l Combinedl withl lackl ofl appetitel froml immobilityl
andl poorl nutritionall status,l pressurel ulcersl mayl develop.
Q:l GIl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Slowingl ofl peristalsisl andl decreasedl musclel strengthl occurl withl decreasedl physicall
activity.l Decreasedl appetitel andl anl inabilityl tol assumel anl uprightl positionl forl defecationl
alsol contributel tol thel constipationl thatl canl occurl withl immobility
Q:l GUl compl ofl osteoporosis
Surgicall Nursingl IIl Guidel |l Galenl
(Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l 100%l
Verifiedl Questionsl &l Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l Properl canel use
Answer:
1.l Canel heightl isl adjustedl sol elbowl isl flexedl 20-30l degrees
2.l Canl isl heldl inl contralaterall hand
3.l Canel movesl forwardl withl thel involvedl extremity
Q:l Canel usel onl stairs
Answer:
UPl withl thel GOODl andl DOWNl withl thel BAD
Q:l Properl Walkerl technique
Answer:
ol Pushl forwardl aboutl 6"l (orl whateverl iscomfortablel forl thel patient),l handl grapsl shouldl
bel atl thel wristsl whenl relaxedl
ol Advancel weakl leg,l thenl strongl leg
Q:l Osteoporosis
Answer:
Thel lossl ofl bonel massl oftenl duel tol age,l causingl thel bonesl tol becomel porous,l brittle,l
andl easilyl fractured.
,Q:l osteoporosisl causes
Answer:
aging;l morel commonl inl womenl duel tol lossl ofl estrogen,l insufficientl vitaminl d,l calcium,l
andl protein,l longl terml steroidl use/autol immunel dieases,l smoking,l chronicl disease,l
excessivel caffienel orl alcoholl intake,l sedentaryl lifestyle,l poorl nutrition
Q:l whyl wouldl syntheticl parathyroidl hormonel bel al txl optionl forl osteoporosis
Answer:
thel parthyroidl glandl controlsl calciuml absorptionl intol thel bones,l RFl stroke/cancer,l liverl
disease,l estrogenl dependentl cancers
Q:l sourcesl ofl calcium
Answer:
Dairyl productsl (milk,l cheese,l yogurt),l fish,l bread,l greenl vegetables,l salmon,l citrusl fruits
Q:l Medicationsl tol quitl smoking
Answer:
Nicotinel replacementl therapyl (NRT)—transdermall patch,l nicotinel inhaler,l nicotinel patch,l
Zyban,l Wellbutrin,l Chantix
Q:l Sourcesl ofl Vitaminl D
Answer:
sunlight,l fortifiedl milk,l fishl liverl oils
Q:l Sourcesl ofl protein
,Answer:
Meat,l fishl andl cheesel andl eggs.
Q:l calcitonin
Answer:
pushesl calciuml intol thel bones,l helpsl withbonel stabilityl withl osteo
Q:l Bisphosphonates
Answer:
Fosamax:l inhibitl bonel resorptionl usedl inl osteoporosis.l AE:l dysphagia,l esophageall ulcer.l
Helpsl withl calciuml andl vitimanl Dl absorbtion
Nursing:l Jawl bonel necrosis,l takel 1stl thingl inl thel morningl w/ol food,l 8ozl ofl water,l
remainl uprightl forl 1hrl afterl takingl tol preventl esophogeall irritation,l ifl dosel missed-skip,l
30l minsl beforel anyl otherl meds
Q:l osteoporosisl ques
Answer:
kyphosis,l atraumaticl fractures,l shorteningl inl heightl
DEXAl SCANl DX
Q:l osteoporosisl ptl teaching
Answer:
diet,l safety,l medications,l weightl baringl exersizel 30l minsl 3xl perl week,l stopl smokingl etc
Q:l cardiovascularl complicationsl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
, Decreasedl cardiacl outputl withl reducedl forcel ofl cardiacl contractionl resultsl froml al lackl
ofl physicall activity.l Immobilityl causingl decreasedl usel ofl legl musclesl leadsl tol venousl
stasisl andl potentiall formationl ofl bloodl clots
Q:l respiratoryl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Reducedl lungl expansionl andl consequentl reducedl gasl exchangel withl potentiall forl
atelectasisl andl poolingl ofl secretionsl occursl withl immobility.l Reducedl coughl effortl alongl
withl pooledl secretionsl predisposesl tol stasisl pneumonia
Q:l muskuloskeletall compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Prolongedl immobilityl leadsl tol reducedl musclel massl andl atrophy.l Demineralizationl ofl
bonesl occursl withl lackl ofl weightl bearing;l osteoporosisl mayl occur.
Q:l integumentaryl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Skinl breakdownl mayl occurl froml al reducedl flowl ofl oxygenatedl bloodl froml pressurel onl
thel skinl resultingl froml immobility.l Combinedl withl lackl ofl appetitel froml immobilityl
andl poorl nutritionall status,l pressurel ulcersl mayl develop.
Q:l GIl compl ofl osteoporosis
Answer:
Slowingl ofl peristalsisl andl decreasedl musclel strengthl occurl withl decreasedl physicall
activity.l Decreasedl appetitel andl anl inabilityl tol assumel anl uprightl positionl forl defecationl
alsol contributel tol thel constipationl thatl canl occurl withl immobility
Q:l GUl compl ofl osteoporosis
