Evo Final – Study Guide & Revision Notes
Select the combination of traits that is not homologous - correct answer ✔✔Bat wing and
dragonfly wing
This unicorn cannot live in the desert. It originated at (A) and populations spread around the
desert in the direction of the arrows. Each letter represents a different population. It took
500,000 years for the unicorn to reach the region where (D) and (E) currently reside. Which two
populations are least likely to be able to mate and produce viable offspring? - correct answer
✔✔D and E
Why do viruses often evolve resistance so readily? - correct answer ✔✔viruses have a large
population size, short generation time, and high mutation rates
You are interested in understanding whether evolution by natural selection acts on length in a
population of copperhead snakes in the Clemson Forest. You record the number of offspring
produced by 100 copperhead mothers and measure the mother's length. You find that the
largest 20 copperheads had 2 more offspring on average than the smallest 20 copperheads. You
record how many offspring survive for a year to find that 100% do. Based on your results, do
you conclude that evolution by natural selection has occurred? - correct answer ✔✔natural
selection has occurred but evolution has not
Fossil species often resemble extant species in the same geographic region they are found. This
is: - correct answer ✔✔the law of succession
Below are the results from a study testing whether the size of an aloe plant can evolve. The
researcher crossed large plants from the parental generation for the large line, small plants for
the small line, and randomly-selected plants for the control line. Choose the answer that best
summarizes the results. - correct answer ✔✔Plant size evolved in the small line only
,What evidence do we have to support that novel human viruses often evolve from viruses that
infect other animals and spill over to humans? - correct answer ✔✔the genomes of
coronaviruses in other animals are very similar to those that infect humans
Choose the three correct options.
The components of phenotypic variation are: - correct answer ✔✔Genotype by Environmental
Variation
Environmental Variation
Genetic variation
Synonymous substitutions alter proteins. - correct answer ✔✔False
You're studying lemurs and this special lemur has either a ringed-tail or a non-ringed tail that is
encoded by a single gene. Let the A allele be ringed and dominant and the B allele be non-
ringed and recessive.
You have 100 lemurs in a population. 40 have ringed tails and 60 have non-ringed tails. There is
no selection, mutation, migration, drift and mating is random. What is the expected GENOTYPIC
frequency in the next generation? - correct answer ✔✔0.16
0.48
0.36
Select all assumptions of a population in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. - correct answer ✔✔no
selection
infinite population size
no drift
no mutation
no migration
, The following fitnesses are provided for three genotypes. This fitness scheme is an example of
what?
Genotype
w
VV
0.22
VL
1
LL
0.87 - correct answer ✔✔overdominance
Inbreeding leads to a violation of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because it alters allele
frequencies. - correct answer ✔✔false
You are studying populations of grasshoppers in South Carolina. A small island in Lake Keowee
has 300 grasshoppers and a nearby mainland population has 1000 grasshoppers. You mark all
island individuals with purple paint and all mainland individuals with orange paint at the
beginning of the summer.
The allele frequency at a given locus on the mainland is A=0.8 at the beginning of the summer.
The allele frequency at a the same locus on the island is A=0.2 at the beginning of the summer.
At the end of the summer, you find 500 grasshoppers on the island and 200 of them have
orange paint!
What is the expected frequency of allele A on the island at the end of the summer?
p'i = (1- m) (pi) + (m) (pc) - correct answer ✔✔.44
Which of the following would decrease the fixation index (FST)? - correct answer ✔✔high
migration rates between populations
Select the combination of traits that is not homologous - correct answer ✔✔Bat wing and
dragonfly wing
This unicorn cannot live in the desert. It originated at (A) and populations spread around the
desert in the direction of the arrows. Each letter represents a different population. It took
500,000 years for the unicorn to reach the region where (D) and (E) currently reside. Which two
populations are least likely to be able to mate and produce viable offspring? - correct answer
✔✔D and E
Why do viruses often evolve resistance so readily? - correct answer ✔✔viruses have a large
population size, short generation time, and high mutation rates
You are interested in understanding whether evolution by natural selection acts on length in a
population of copperhead snakes in the Clemson Forest. You record the number of offspring
produced by 100 copperhead mothers and measure the mother's length. You find that the
largest 20 copperheads had 2 more offspring on average than the smallest 20 copperheads. You
record how many offspring survive for a year to find that 100% do. Based on your results, do
you conclude that evolution by natural selection has occurred? - correct answer ✔✔natural
selection has occurred but evolution has not
Fossil species often resemble extant species in the same geographic region they are found. This
is: - correct answer ✔✔the law of succession
Below are the results from a study testing whether the size of an aloe plant can evolve. The
researcher crossed large plants from the parental generation for the large line, small plants for
the small line, and randomly-selected plants for the control line. Choose the answer that best
summarizes the results. - correct answer ✔✔Plant size evolved in the small line only
,What evidence do we have to support that novel human viruses often evolve from viruses that
infect other animals and spill over to humans? - correct answer ✔✔the genomes of
coronaviruses in other animals are very similar to those that infect humans
Choose the three correct options.
The components of phenotypic variation are: - correct answer ✔✔Genotype by Environmental
Variation
Environmental Variation
Genetic variation
Synonymous substitutions alter proteins. - correct answer ✔✔False
You're studying lemurs and this special lemur has either a ringed-tail or a non-ringed tail that is
encoded by a single gene. Let the A allele be ringed and dominant and the B allele be non-
ringed and recessive.
You have 100 lemurs in a population. 40 have ringed tails and 60 have non-ringed tails. There is
no selection, mutation, migration, drift and mating is random. What is the expected GENOTYPIC
frequency in the next generation? - correct answer ✔✔0.16
0.48
0.36
Select all assumptions of a population in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. - correct answer ✔✔no
selection
infinite population size
no drift
no mutation
no migration
, The following fitnesses are provided for three genotypes. This fitness scheme is an example of
what?
Genotype
w
VV
0.22
VL
1
LL
0.87 - correct answer ✔✔overdominance
Inbreeding leads to a violation of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium because it alters allele
frequencies. - correct answer ✔✔false
You are studying populations of grasshoppers in South Carolina. A small island in Lake Keowee
has 300 grasshoppers and a nearby mainland population has 1000 grasshoppers. You mark all
island individuals with purple paint and all mainland individuals with orange paint at the
beginning of the summer.
The allele frequency at a given locus on the mainland is A=0.8 at the beginning of the summer.
The allele frequency at a the same locus on the island is A=0.2 at the beginning of the summer.
At the end of the summer, you find 500 grasshoppers on the island and 200 of them have
orange paint!
What is the expected frequency of allele A on the island at the end of the summer?
p'i = (1- m) (pi) + (m) (pc) - correct answer ✔✔.44
Which of the following would decrease the fixation index (FST)? - correct answer ✔✔high
migration rates between populations
